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Enzyme Nomenclature
Information on EC 3.1.1.11 - pectinesterase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.1.1.11
Word Map on EC 3.1.1.11
- 3.1.1.11
- fruit
- polygalacturonase
- tomato
-
juice
- orange
-
ripening
-
pectic
-
firm
- citrus
-
esterification
- pectinase
-
texture
-
pmeis
- cellulase
-
softening
- pectate
-
methylesterification
-
homogalacturonans
- pulp
-
de-esterification
-
galacturonic
-
pasteurization
-
de-esterified
-
postharvest
-
pectinolytic
- carrot
-
ripe
-
shelf
-
cloud
- endo-polygalacturonase
-
kiwi
- chrysanthemi
- valencia
- pericarp
-
hemicellulose
- xyloglucan
-
methoxylated
- food industry
-
expansins
-
wall-degrading
- grapefruit
-
blanch
- ficus
- endo-pg
-
methyl-esterified
- achene
-
rhamnogalacturonan
- aculeatus
-
wall-modifying
-
pollen-specific
- diagnostics
-
pectin-degrading
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Specify your search results
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
3.1.1.11
-
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
pectinesterase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
pectin + n H2O = n methanol + pectate
-
-
-
-
pectin + n H2O = n methanol + pectate
the catalytic residues Gln151, Gln173, Asp174, Asp195, and Arg253 are conserved in Sal k 1
Q17ST3
pectin + n H2O = n methanol + pectate
two conserved aspartates are the nucleophile and general acid-base in the reaction mechanism, respectively, the catalytic site is formed by the conserved resisues Asp178, Asp199, and Arg267, molecular basis of the processive action of the enzyme, overview
-
pectin + n H2O = n methanol + pectate
reaction mechanism, D157, stabilized by a hydrogen bond to R225, performs a nucleophilic attack on the ester bond of the carboxymethyl group of HGA
-
pectin + n H2O = n methanol + pectate
reaction mechanism, the active site contains two aspartic acid residues D136 and D157 at the centre, which are distinguishing features of aspartyl esterases, two glutamines Q113 and Q135 and one arginine residue R225
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of carboxylic ester
hydrolysis of carboxylic ester
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
pectin pectylhydrolase
-
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9025-98-3
-
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
cv. Nausica and Arancha, highest enzyme activity at the beginning of the season
-
-
var. Alister, Killer, and Oslo, high activity in hyperhydrated leaves
-
-
-
SwissProt
-
-
-
var. Valencia, heat stable activity assayed after heating samples for 2 min (chromatography samples) or 10 min (plant material) to 80°C
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-
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114096, 114099, 114108, 114110, 114114, 114115, 114124, 650702, 650703, 650707, 651555, 651562, 674118, 675674, 679554, 680286, 694603, 714657, 729017, 729774, 730888
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PMEU1 precursor; i.e. Solanum lycopersicum, gene Pmeu1, salt-dependent isozyme
SwissProt
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
malfunction
-
the number of adventitious roots is 30% increased in the pme3-1 mutant
malfunction
-
loss-of-function mutant alleles of pectin methylesterase35 show a pendant stem phenotype and an increased deformation rate of the stem
malfunction
-
suppressing expression of PMEs in tomato fruit reduces the amount of Ca2+ bound to the cell wall, and also reduces fruit susceptibility to Blossom-end rot
metabolism
-
the role of PME on CH4 efflux potential is examined. PME is found to substantially reduce the potential for aerobic CH4 emissions upon demethylation of pectin
metabolism
-
the role of PME on CH4 efflux potential is examined. PME is found to substantially reduce the potential for aerobic CH4 emissions upon demethylation of pectin
metabolism
-
the role of PME on CH4 efflux potential is examined. PME is found to substantially reduce the potential for aerobic CH4 emissions upon demethylation of pectin
physiological function
-
compared to six fruit rot fungi, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus produce higher PME after 14 days of incubation and in both these species are responsible for higher PME after 4 days of incubation in grape juice extract
physiological function
-
compared to six fruit rot fungi, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus produce higher PME after 14 days of incubation and in both these species are responsible ofr higher PME after 4 days of incubation period in grape juice extract
physiological function
-
the enzyme is involved in the metabolism (i.e., remodelling) of the cell-wall pectin and, hence, takes part in important physiological processes associated with both vegetative and reproductive plant development, including cell wall extension and stiffening, cellular adhesion and separation, fruit ripening, wood development, stem elongation, leaf growth, microsporogenesis, seed germination, and pollen tube growth. In addition, the enzyme is associated with plant defence responses upon biotic (including insect herbivory) or abiotic (e.g., cold, wounding) stresses. Pectin methylesterase is a ribosome-inactivating protein, inhibiting the translation process
physiological function
-
the enzyme is involved in the metabolism (i.e., remodelling) of the cell-wall pectin and, hence, takes part in important physiological processes associated with both vegetative and reproductive plant development, including cell wall extension and stiffening, cellular adhesion and separation, fruit ripening, wood development, stem elongation, leaf growth, microsporogenesis, seed germination, and pollen tube growth. In addition, the enzyme is associated with plant defence responses upon biotic (including insect herbivory) or abiotic (e.g., cold, wounding) stresses. Pectin methylesterase is a ribosome-inactivating protein, inhibiting the translation process
physiological function
-
the recovery of heat shock protein-released Ca2+ in Ca2+-pectate reconstitution through pectin methylesterase activity is required for cell wall remodelling during heat shock protein in soybean which, in turn, retains plasma membrane integrity and co-ordinates with heat shock proteins to confer thermotolerance
physiological function
-
in tubers containing a higher level of total PME activity, there is a reduced degree of methylation of cell wall pectin and consistently higher peak force and work done values during the fracture of cooked tuber samples
physiological function
-
in tubers containing a higher level of total PME activity, there is a reduced degree of methylation of cell wall pectin and consistently higher peak force and work done values during the fracture of cooked tuber samples
physiological function
-
although foliar pectin methylesterase activity is related to methanol emission, other factors must also be considered when predicting methanol emission
physiological function
-
isoform PME3 plays a role in adventitious rooting
physiological function
-
isoform PME3 acts as a susceptibility factor and is required for the initial colonization of the host tissue by Pectobacterium carotovorum and Botrytis cinerea
physiological function
-
isoform PME35-mediated demethylesterification of the primary cell wall directly regulates the mechanical strength of the supporting tissue
physiological function
-
high expression of pectin methylesterases increases Ca2+ bound to the cell wall, subsequently decreasing Ca2+ available for other cellular functions and thereby increasing fruit susceptibility to Blossom-end rot
physiological function
the enzyme catalyzes the de-methylesterification of pectin in plant cell walls during cell elongation
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
methyl-esterfied oligogalacturonides + H2O
?
-
C6- and C1-substituted. De-esterification proceeds via a specific pattern, depending on the degree of polymerization. Initially, a first methyl ester of the oligomer is hydrolysed, resulting in one free carboxyl group. Subsequently this first product is preferred as a substrate and is de-esterified for a second time. This product is then accumulated and hereafter de-esterified further to the final product. The saturated hexamer is an exception to this: three methyl esters are removed very rapidly instead of two methyl esters.
-
?
citrus pectin + H2O
methanol + citrus pectate
-
highest activity with pectin with an esterification degree of 50%
-
?
citrus pectin + H2O
methanol + citrus pectate
-
highest activity with pectin with an esterification degree of 50%
-
?
citrus pectin + H2O
methanol + citrus pectate
-
-
?
citrus pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
hydrolyzes pectin from citrus and sugar beet
-
-
?
homogalacturonan + H2O
?
Q9FY03
PME removes methyl ester groups from homogalacturonan, overview
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-
?
pectin + H2O
?
-
maximum enzyme production is obtained after 4 days of batch growth
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme is required for the growth of bacteria on oligomeric substrates, probably involved in the degradation of methylated oligogalacturonides present in the periplasm of the bacteria
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-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the electrostatic potential is the trigger of plant cell-wall extension. Pectin methylesterase, together with the proton and cation concentration play a major part in the cell growth process
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme builds up the Donnan potential at the cell surface, this response may be cooperative with respect to pH
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme allows pectin hydrolysis during cell growth
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme deesterifies methoxylated pectin in the plant cell wall
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-
-
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, central role in the pollen tube growth and determination of pollen tube morphology
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
PME plays an important role in elongation of the pollen tube in pistil, which is essential for delivering sperms into the female gametophyte in sexual plant reproduction, regulation mechanism, overview
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-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
a medium methylated pectin of 46% degree of methylation is used
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-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
ripe var. Easy Pick fruit is characterized by pectin ultradegradation and easy fruit detachment from the calyx, while pectin depolymerization and dissolution in ripe var. Hard Pick fruit is limited, PME activity in vivo is detected only in fruit of the Easy Pick line and is associated with decreased pectin methylesterification, some PME isozymes are apparently inactive in vivo, particularly in green fruit and throughout ripening in the Hard Pick line, limiting polygalacturonase-mediated pectin depolymerization which results in moderately difficult fruit separation from the calyx
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-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, important role in plant growth and differentiation, enzyme activity in Nausica variety is correlated with ambient temperature
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
no activity if the degree of esterification is below 31%
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
gelling properties of commercial pectins after PME treatment are characterized. The final degree of esterification of the high- and low-methoxy pectins reaches 6% after the PME treatment, while deesterification of low-methoxy amidated pectin stops at 18%. Deesterification of high-methoxy pectin is tailored to be 40%, which is equivalent to the deesterification of commercial low-methoxy pectin. The pectin gel with relatively high peak molecular weight and low deesterification, which is produced from high-methoxy pectin, exhibits the greatest hardness, gumminess, chewiness, and resilience. The hardness of low-methoxy amidated pectin increases over 300% after PME deesterification
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-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
86% anhydrous galacturonic acid, 94% degree of methylation, containing minor amounts of galactose
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
a medium methylated pectin of 46% degree of methylation is used
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-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, important for the control of hyperhydricity
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
the enzyme catalyses the essential first step in bacterial invasion of plant tissues
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
the enzyme shows a sequential pattern of demethylation due to the preferential binding of methylated sugar residues upstream of the catalytic site, and demethylated residues downstream, which drives the enzyme along the pectin molecule
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of methylester groups from the galacturonic acid residues of homogalacturonan chains, the major component of pectin
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, application of exogenous PME causes thickening of the apical cell wall and inhibits pollen tube growth
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, application of exogenous PME causes thickening of the apical cell wall and inhibits pollen tube growth
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
low-temperature blanching of vegetables activates PME, which demethylates cell wall pectins and improves tissue firmness
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
no activity if the degree of esterification is below 31%
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
involved in important physiological processes, such as microsporogenesis, pollen growth, seed germination, root development, polarity of leaf growth, stem elongation, fruit ripening, and loss of tissue integrity
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
low-temperature blanching of vegetables activates PME, which demethylates cell wall pectins and improves tissue firmness
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
the enzyme is responsible for the demethylation of galacturonyl residues in high-molecular weight pectin and play s an important role in cell wall metabolism, role of PMEU1 in fruit ripening, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
the lower the degree of esterification, the higher the enzyme affinity to the substrate
-
?
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
mature PMEs presumably have different modes of action, depending on the environmental conditions such as pH, the initial degree of demethylesterification of pectins, and the presence of cation, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the overall PME activity greatly decreases with a pectic substrate with a degree of methylation of 60%
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme immobilized on CNBr-Sepharose 4B show about 11.5% of the activity of the free enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme immobilized on polyethylene terephthalate shows 23.1% of the activity of the free enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the immobilized enzyme, unlike the free pectin esterase, does not act on pectin showing a higher esterification degree
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the mildly basic and polymorphic protein causes allergic reactions in humans determined by secific IgE production
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Q17ST3
the mildly basic and polymorphic protein causes allergic reactions in humans determined by secific IgE production
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
involved in cell wall stiffening
-
?
additional information
?
-
involved in cell wall stiffening
-
?
additional information
?
-
involved in cell wall stiffening
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PME suppressed tobacco mosaic virus reproduction, including short- and long-distance virus movement in plants
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
PME suppressed tobacco mosaic virus reproduction, including short- and long-distance virus movement in plants
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Q9FY03
the enzyme inhibits intrusive and symplastic cell growth in developing wood cells of hybrid aspen acting as a negative regulator of both, PME1 is involved in xylogenesis and mechanisms determining fiber width and length in the wood of aspen trees, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
immobilized enzymes show about 7.5% of the activity of the free enzyme
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the immobilized enzyme, unlike the free pectin esterase, does not act on pectin showing a higher esterification degree
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the pectinmethylesterase catalyzes pectin de-esterification accelerates by increasing pressure up to 200 MPa in presence of tomato polygalacturonase
-
-
-
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
pectin + H2O
?
-
maximum enzyme production is obtained after 4 days of batch growth
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme is required for the growth of bacteria on oligomeric substrates, probably involved in the degradation of methylated oligogalacturonides present in the periplasm of the bacteria
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the electrostatic potential is the trigger of plant cell-wall extension. Pectin methylesterase, together with the proton and cation concentration play a major part in the cell growth process
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme builds up the Donnan potential at the cell surface, this response may be cooperative with respect to pH
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme allows pectin hydrolysis during cell growth
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
?
-
the enzyme deesterifies methoxylated pectin in the plant cell wall
-
-
-
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, central role in the pollen tube growth and determination of pollen tube morphology
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
O23447, O80722, Q5MFV6, Q5MFV8, Q84WM7, Q8GXA1, Q8L7Q7, Q9LSP1, Q9LY18, Q9LY19, Q9SMY6
PME plays an important role in elongation of the pollen tube in pistil, which is essential for delivering sperms into the female gametophyte in sexual plant reproduction, regulation mechanism, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
ripe var. Easy Pick fruit is characterized by pectin ultradegradation and easy fruit detachment from the calyx, while pectin depolymerization and dissolution in ripe var. Hard Pick fruit is limited, PME activity in vivo is detected only in fruit of the Easy Pick line and is associated with decreased pectin methylesterification, some PME isozymes are apparently inactive in vivo, particularly in green fruit and throughout ripening in the Hard Pick line, limiting polygalacturonase-mediated pectin depolymerization which results in moderately difficult fruit separation from the calyx
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, important role in plant growth and differentiation, enzyme activity in Nausica variety is correlated with ambient temperature
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, important for the control of hyperhydricity
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
the enzyme catalyses the essential first step in bacterial invasion of plant tissues
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
the enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of methylester groups from the galacturonic acid residues of homogalacturonan chains, the major component of pectin
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, application of exogenous PME causes thickening of the apical cell wall and inhibits pollen tube growth
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, application of exogenous PME causes thickening of the apical cell wall and inhibits pollen tube growth
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
low-temperature blanching of vegetables activates PME, which demethylates cell wall pectins and improves tissue firmness
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
PME activity gives rise to negatively charged carboxylic groups and protons in the pectic matrix modifying the cell wall charge, apoplasmic pH and potentially the activity of apoplasmic proteins, the enzyme has several physiologic functions in the plant and is involved e.g. in plant growth, xylogenesis, fruit ripening, plant defense, and in general plant-stress signalling, detailed overview, high content of unmethylesterified HGA, generated by high PME activity in cell walls, correlates positively with the susceptibility of plant cultivars to abiotic and biotic stresses, model of PME involvement in plant defences, overview
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
-
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
P14280
involved in important physiological processes, such as microsporogenesis, pollen growth, seed germination, root development, polarity of leaf growth, stem elongation, fruit ripening, and loss of tissue integrity
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
involved in the regulation of the cell wall rigidity, key role in process of fruit ripening
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
-
low-temperature blanching of vegetables activates PME, which demethylates cell wall pectins and improves tissue firmness
-
-
?
pectin + H2O
methanol + pectate
Q43143
the enzyme is responsible for the demethylation of galacturonyl residues in high-molecular weight pectin and play s an important role in cell wall metabolism, role of PMEU1 in fruit ripening, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the mildly basic and polymorphic protein causes allergic reactions in humans determined by secific IgE production
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Q17ST3
the mildly basic and polymorphic protein causes allergic reactions in humans determined by secific IgE production
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Q94FS5
involved in cell wall stiffening
-
?
additional information
?
-
Q94FS6
involved in cell wall stiffening
-
?
additional information
?
-
Q9FVF9
involved in cell wall stiffening
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
PME suppressed tobacco mosaic virus reproduction, including short- and long-distance virus movement in plants
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
PME suppressed tobacco mosaic virus reproduction, including short- and long-distance virus movement in plants
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
Q9FY03
the enzyme inhibits intrusive and symplastic cell growth in developing wood cells of hybrid aspen acting as a negative regulator of both, PME1 is involved in xylogenesis and mechanisms determining fiber width and length in the wood of aspen trees, overview
-
-
-
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
(NH4)2SO4
aluminium
Ca2+
K+
Li+
Mg2+
Na+
NaCl
SrCl2
Zn2+
additional information
aluminium
-
a toxic metal in soils that inhibits plant root elongation, can be modulated by PME activity, overexpression of PME activity leads to increases in aluminium content in the plant, which correlates to reductions in the degree of pectin methylesterification, overview
aluminium
-
a toxic metal in soils that inhibits plant root elongation, can be modulated by PME activity, overexpression of PME activity leads to increases in aluminium content in the plant, which correlates to reductions in the degree of pectin methylesterification, overview
aluminium
-
a toxic metal in soils that inhibits plant root elongation, can be modulated by PME activity, overexpression of PME activity leads to increases in aluminium content in the plant, which correlates to reductions in the degree of pectin methylesterification, overview
aluminium
-
a toxic metal in soils that inhibits plant root elongation, can be modulated by PME activity, overexpression of PME activity leads to increases in aluminium content in the plant, which correlates to reductions in the degree of pectin methylesterification, overview
Ca2+
Ca2+ strongly stimulates activity at 5 mM; specific activity is higher in the presence than in the absence of 5 mM Ca2+
Ca2+
-
the highest PME activity occurrs at 20 mM of Ca2+, further increase in concentration results in the decline of the enzyme activity
Ca2+
-
Ca2+ slightly stimulates activity at 5 mM; specific activity is higher in the presence than in the absence of 5 mM Ca2+
Ca2+
-
CaCl2, isoenzyme PE I is stimulated to a higher degree than isoenzyme PE II; stimulates, optimal concentration is 0.01 M
Ca2+
-
60 mM Ca2+ increases activity at elevated pressure up to 300 MPa, but decreases enzyme activity at atmospheric pressure and 45-60°C
K+
-
the activity of the enzyme increases with increase in the concentration of K+, further increase in concentration results in the decline of the enzyme activity
Mg2+
-
highest activity at 15 mM Mg2+, further increase in concentration results in the decline of the enzyme activity
Na+
-
the activity of the enzyme increases with increase in the concentration of Na+, further increase in concentration results in the decline of the enzyme activity
NaCl
-
highest activity in the presence of 1 M NaCl. No enzyme activity (assayed at pH 7.0) is detected in salt-free water washes of pulp (measured at pH 3.8)
NaCl
-
isoenzyme PE I is stimulated to a higher degree than the enzyme PE II; stimulates, optimal concentration is 0.1 M
Zn2+
-
highest activity at 15 mM Zn2+, further increase in concentration results in the decline of the enzyme activity
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INHIBITORS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY