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2-oxoglutarate + 5-aminopentanoate
glutamate + 5-oxopentanoate
-
121% of the activity with beta-alanine
-
?
2-oxoglutarate + 6-aminohexanoate
glutamate + 6-oxohexanoate
-
8% of the activity with beta-alanine
-
?
2-oxoglutarate + DL-3-aminoisobutanoate
glutamate + 3-oxoisobutanoate
-
51% of the activity with beta-alanine
-
?
4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate
4-oxobutanoate + glutamate
-
at 131% of the activity with beta-alanine
-
?
4-aminobutanoate + 2-oxoglutarate
4-oxobutanoate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate
malate + L-glutamate
14% of activity with glutamate and pyruvate
-
?
aspartate + pyruvate
malate + alanine
10% of activity with alanine and 2-oxoglutarate
-
?
beta-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
malonic semialdehyde + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
beta-alanine + glyoxylic acid
malonic semialdehyde + glycine
-
7% of the activity with 2-oxoglutarate
-
?
beta-alanine + pyruvate
malonic semialdehyde + alanine
-
1% of the activity with 2-oxoglutarate
-
?
DL-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
glycine + 2-oxoglutarate
glyoxylate + glutamate
-
24% of activity with DL-alanine
-
?
glyoxylate + alanine
glycine + pyruvate
glyoxylate + glutamate
glycine + 2-oxoglutarate
glyoxylate + glutamine
glycine + 2-oxosuccinamate
-
42% of activity with glutamate
-
?
glyoxylate + methionine
glycine + 4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate
-
37% of activity with glutamate
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxobutyrate
pyruvate + 2-aminobutanoate
-
10.2% of the activity with 2-oxoglutarate
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + glyoxylate
pyruvate + glycine
L-glutamate and L-alanine are by far the best amino-group donors
-
-
?
L-alanine + glyoxylate
pyruvate + L-glycine
-
-
-
-
ir
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate
2-oxobutan-1,4-dioate + L-glutamate
L-erythrulose + ?
2-amino-1,3,4-butanetriol + ?
-
-
-
-
?
L-glutamate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-oxoglutarate + 2-aminobutanoate
-
32.4% of the activity with pyruvate
-
?
L-glutamate + glyoxylate
2-oxoglutaramate + glycine
L-glutamate and L-alanine are by far the best amino-group donors
-
-
?
L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate
2-oxo-4-methylpentanoate + L-glutamate
L-methionine + 2-oxoglutarate
4-methylsulfanyl-2-oxobutanoate + L-glutamate
-
75% of activity with DL-alanine
-
?
L-methylbenzylamine + 2-oxoglutarate
?
-
-
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate
(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
12.5% specific activity compared to L-alanine
-
-
?
L-tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate
2-deamino-2-oxotyrosine + L-glutamate
-
12-14% of the activity with L-alanine
-
-
?
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
serine + 2-oxoglutarate
3-hydroxy-2-oxopropanoate + glutamate
-
22% of activity with DL-alanine
-
?
tyrosine + 2-oxoglutarate
3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-oxopropanoate + glutamate
-
36.5% of activity with DL-alanine
-
?
additional information
?
-
DL-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate

pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
DL-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
63-70% of the activity with L-alanine
-
-
?
DL-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
63% specific activity compared to L-alanine
-
-
?
DL-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
-
glyoxylate + alanine

glycine + pyruvate
-
-
-
?
glyoxylate + alanine
glycine + pyruvate
-
70% of activity with glutamate
-
ir
glyoxylate + glutamate

glycine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
?
glyoxylate + glutamate
glycine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
ir
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate

pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
mitochondrial isoenzyme shows higher affinity for L-alanine, mainly functions in the direction of conversion of alanine to pyruvate whereas the cytosolic isoenzyme would function in both directions
-
-
-
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
highly specific for alanine and 2-oxoglutarate
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
cannot use glyoxylate as keto donor
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
Leptosphaeria michotii
-
no activity with L-aspartate, cysteine sulfinate, 2-aminobutanoate and cyclic amino acids
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
important function in beta-alanine metabolism
-
-
-
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
with 2-oxoglutarate specific for L-alanine
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
glutamate-glyoxylate aminotransferase is identical with alanine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
rate of the forward reaction is 4 times higher than the rate of the reverse reaction, no activity with aspartate, glycine, threonine, leucine, methionine, arginine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan, glyoxylate and 2-oxo-3-methylvalerate
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
D-alanine at 2% of the activity with L-alanine
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
?
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
?, r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
-
-
-
r
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
pyruvate + L-glutamate
-
highly specific for alanine and 2-oxoglutarate
-
r
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate

2-oxobutan-1,4-dioate + L-glutamate
-
6-8% of the activity with L-alanine
-
-
?
L-aspartate + 2-oxoglutarate
2-oxobutan-1,4-dioate + L-glutamate
-
6% specific activity compared to L-alanine
-
-
?
L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate

2-oxo-4-methylpentanoate + L-glutamate
-
8% of the activity with L-alanine
-
-
?
L-leucine + 2-oxoglutarate
2-oxo-4-methylpentanoate + L-glutamate
-
9% specific activity compared to L-alanine
-
-
?
pyruvate + L-glutamate

L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
r
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + L-glutamate
L-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate
-
-
-
?
additional information

?
-
enzyme is also able to utilize aspartate and oxaloacetate with 10% efficiency as compared to the native substrates
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
phenylserine, phenylaminopropanol, phenylaminopropandiol, ethylbenzylamine, and phenylglycinol are not accepted as substrates
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
the acetylpolyamine amidohydrolase regulator alanine transaminase and racemase coupled with SpuC, the major putrescine-pyruvate transaminase, are key components to maintaining alanine homeostasis. The alanine-pyruvate cycle is indispensable for polyamine utilization, corresponding mutant strains are severely hampered in polyamine utilization, overview
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
phenylserine, phenylaminopropanol, phenylaminopropandiol, ethylbenzylamine, and phenylglycinol are not accepted as substrates
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
no specificity for L-glutamate, L-cysteine, L-glycine, L-methionine, L-isoleucine, L-threonine, L-valine, L-histidine, beta-alanine, L-arginine hydrochloride, L-cysteine hydrochloride, L-hydroxyproline, DL-phenylalanine, DL-threonine, DL-aspartate, DL-isoleucine, DL-tryptophan, DL-norleucine, DL-histidine hydrochloride, DL-homocysteine, L-beta-phenylalanine
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
-
enzyme displays both cystine C-S lyase activity, EC 4.4.1.8, and alanine aminotransferase activity. No in vitro tyrosine aminotransferase activity is detetced
-
-
-
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Abou-Zeid, A.M.; Jerebzoff, S.; Jerebzoff-Quintin, S.
Alanine aminotransferase in Leptosphaeria michotii. Isolation, properties and cyclic variations of its activity in relation to polypeptide level
Physiol. Plant.
82
401-408
1991
Leptosphaeria michotii
-
brenda
Nakamura, M.; Horie, Y.
Partial purification and properties of alanine and aspartate aminotransferases in the midgut of the silkworm, Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera:Bombycidae)
Appl. Entomol. Zool.
21
236-243
1986
Bombyx mori
-
brenda
Agarwal, K.
Purification and properties of L-alanine 2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase of bovine erythrocytes stroma
Indian J. Biochem. Biophys.
22
102-106
1985
Bos taurus
brenda
Ruscak, M.; Orlicky, J.; Zubor, V.; Hager, H.
Alanine aminotransferase in bovine brain: purification and properties
J. Neurochem.
39
210-216
1982
Bos taurus
brenda
Mane, S.D.; Mehrotra, K.N.
Alanine aminotransferase: properties and distribution in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria
Insect Biochem.
7
419-426
1977
Schistocerca gregaria
-
brenda
Owen, T.G.; Hochachka, P.W.
Purification and properties of dolphin muscle aspartate and alanine transaminases and thier possible roles in the energy metabolism of diving mammals
Biochem. J.
143
541-553
1974
Lagenorhynchus obliquidens
brenda
Noguchi, T.; Takada, Y.; Kido, R.
Glutamate-glyoxylate aminotransferase in rat liver cytosol. Purification, properties and identity with alanine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
Hoppe-Seyler's Z. Physiol. Chem.
358
1533-1542
1977
Canis lupus familiaris, Felis catus, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Eze, L.C.; Echetebu, C.O.
Some properties of aspartate and alanine aminotransferases from Trichoderma virie
J. Gen. Microbiol.
120
523-527
1980
Trichoderma viride
-
brenda
Hatch, M.D.
Separation and properties of leaf aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase isoenzymes operative in the C4 pathway of photosynthesis
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
156
207-214
1973
Atriplex spongiosa
brenda
Rech, J.; Crouzet, J.
Partial purification and initial studies of the tomato L-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
350
392-399
1974
Solanum lycopersicum
brenda
De Rosa, G.; Burk, T.L.; Swick, R.W.
Isolation and characterization of mitochondrial alanine aminotransferase from porcine tissue
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
567
116-124
1979
Sus scrofa
brenda
Gubern, G.; Imperial, S.; Busquets, M.; Cortes, A.
Partial characterization of the alanine aminotransferase isoenzymes from human liver
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
18
1288-1289
1990
Homo sapiens
brenda
Lain-Guelbenzu, B.; Cardenas, J.; Munoz-Blanco, J.
Purification and properties of L-alanine aminotransferase from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Eur. J. Biochem.
202
881-887
1991
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
brenda
Umemura, I.; Yanagiya, K.; Komatsubara, S.; Sato, T.; Tosa, T.
Purification and some properties of alanine aminotransferase from Candida maltosa
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
58
283-287
1994
Candida maltosa
brenda
Son, D.; Jo, J.; Sugiyama, T.
Purification and characterization of alanine aminotransferase from Panicum miliaceum leaves
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
289
262-266
1991
Panicum miliaceum
brenda
Good, A.G.; Muench, D.G.
Purification and characterization of an anaerobically induced alanine aminotransferase from barley roots
Plant Physiol.
99
1520-1525
1992
Hordeum vulgare
brenda
Tamaki, N.; Aoyama, H.; Kubo, K.; Ikeda, T.; Hama, T.
Purification and properties of beta-alanine aminotransferase from rabbit liver
J. Biochem.
92
1009-1017
1982
Oryctolagus cuniculus
brenda
Desantiago, S.; Aleman, G.; Hernandez-Montes, H.
Alanine aminotransferase activity in mammary tissue, muscle and liver of dam rat during lactation and weaning
Arch. Med. Res.
27
443-448
1996
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Richens, A.; McEwan, J.R.; Deybach, J.C.; Mumford, J.P.
Evidence for both in vivo and in vitro interaction between vigabatrin and alanine transaminase
Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol.
43
163-168
1997
Homo sapiens
brenda
Orzechowski, S.; Socha-Hanc, J.; Paszkowski, A.
Purification and properties of alanine aminotransferase from maize (Zea mays L.) leaves
Acta Physiol. Plant.
21
323-330
1999
Zea mays
-
brenda
Orzechowski, S.; Socha-Hanc, J.; Paszkowski, A.
Alanine aminotransferase and glycine aminotransferase from maize (Zea mays L.) leaves
Acta Biochim. Pol.
46
447-457
1999
Zea mays
brenda
Blasco, J.; Puppo, J.
Effect of heavy metals (Cu, Cd and Pb) on aspartate and alanine aminotransferase in Ruditapes philippinarum (Mollusca: Bivalvia)
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C
122
253-263
1999
Ruditapes philippinarum
brenda
Ward, D.E.; Kengen, S.W.; van Der Oost, J.; de Vos, W.M.
Purification and characterization of the alanine aminotransferase from the hyperthermophilic Archaeon pyrococcus furiosus and its role in alanine production
J. Bacteriol.
182
2559-2566
2000
Pyrococcus furiosus, Pyrococcus furiosus (Q9P9M8)
brenda
Tanay, V.A.; Parent, M.B.; Wong, J.T.; Paslawski, T.; Martin, I.L.; Baker, G.B.
Effects of the antidepressant/antipanic drug phenelzine on alanine and alanine transaminase in rat brain
Cell. Mol. Neurobiol.
21
325-339
2001
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Vozarova, B.; Stefan, N.; Lindsay, R.S.; Saremi, A.; Pratley, R.E.; Bogardus, C.; Tataranni, P.A.
High alanine aminotransferase is associated with decreased hepatic insulin sensitivity and predicts the development of type 2 diabetes
Diabetes
51
1889-1895
2002
Homo sapiens
brenda
Samsonova, M.V.; Min'kova, N.O.; Lapteva, T.I.; Mikodina, E.V.; Filippovich, Y.B.
Aspartate and alanine aminotransferases in early development of the keta
Russ. J. Dev. Biol.
34
14-18
2003
Oncorhynchus keta
-
brenda
Xuan, G.S.; Oh, S.W.; Choi, E.Y.
Development of an electrochemical immunosensor for alanine aminotransferase
Biosens. Bioelectron.
19
365-371
2003
Homo sapiens
brenda
Matthews, C.C.; Zielke, H.R.; Parks, D.A.; Fishman, P.S.
Glutamate-pyruvate transaminase protects against glutamate toxicity in hippocampal slices
Brain Res.
978
59-64
2003
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Srivastava, A.S.; Oohara, I.; Suzuki, T.; Shenouda, S.; Singh, S.N.; Chauhan, D.P.; Carrier, E.
Purification and properties of cytosolic alanine aminotransferase from the liver of two freshwater fish, Clarias batrachus and Labeo rohita
Comp. Biochem. Physiol. B
137
197-207
2004
Clarias batrachus, Labeo rohita
brenda
Vedavathi, M.; Girish, K.S.; Kumar, M.K.
Isolation and characterization of cytosolic alanine aminotransferase isoforms from starved rat liver
Mol. Cell. Biochem.
267
13-23
2004
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Petlevski, R.; Hadzija, M.; Bajalo, J.L.; Juretic, D.
Effect of acarbose on alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities in the liver of control and diabetic CBA mice
Acta Pharm.
56
87-93
2006
Mus musculus
brenda
Vedavathi, M.; Girish, K.S.; Kumar, M.K.
A novel low molecular weight alanine aminotransferase from fasted rat liver
Biochemistry
71
S105-S112
2006
Rattus norvegicus
-
brenda
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