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Information on EC 7.3.2.4 - ABC-type nitrate transporter
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7.3.2.4 ABC-type nitrate transporterIUBMB Comments
An ATP-binding cassette (ABC) type transporter, characterized by the presence of two similar ATP-binding domains/proteins and two integral membrane domains/proteins. The enzyme, found in bacteria, interacts with an extracytoplasmic substrate binding protein and mediates the import of nitrate, nitrite, and cyanate.
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Word Map
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
+
+
=
+
+
+
+
+
nitrate-[nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
=
+
+
+
[nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
Synonyms
nitrate transporter, nrt1.1, nrt2.1, atnrt2.1, nark2, nrt1.5, nrt2.5, nrt2.4, nitrate/nitrite transporter, nrt1.8, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
ABC-type nitrate/nitrite transporter
-
-
-
-
ABC-type nitrate/nitrite-bispecific transporter
ABC-type NRT
AtNRT2.1
ATP-binding cassette-type nitrate/nitrite-bispecific transporter
CHL1
CynABD transporter
EC 3.6.3.26
-
-
formerly
-
NarK2
NAX1
nitrate excretion transporter, belongs to the NRT1/PTR transporter family
nitrate transporter
nitrate transporter CHL1
nitrate transporter chlorate resistant 1
nitrate-transporting ATPase
-
-
-
-
nitrate/nitrite transporter
NO3- transporter
NRT1
NRT1.1
NRT1.3
NRT1.5
NRT2
NRT2.1
NrtP
-
much higher affinity for nitrate than for nitrite, no post-translational regulation
type I H+/nitrate symporter
additional information
-
NRT1.8 is a member of the nitrate transporter, NRT1, family
ATP-binding cassette-type nitrate/nitrite-bispecific transporter
-
-
-
nitrate transporter
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
ATP + H2O + nitrate-[nitrate-binding protein][side 1] = ADP + phosphate + nitrate[side 2] + [nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
ATP + H2O + nitrate-[nitrate-binding protein][side 1] = ADP + phosphate + nitrate[side 2] + [nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
-
-
-
-
ATP + H2O + nitrate-[nitrate-binding protein][side 1] = ADP + phosphate + nitrate[side 2] + [nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
phosphorylated His-tagged NrtA1 specifically binds both nitrite and nitrate with high affinity and appears to be saturated at anion concentrations higher than 0.04 mM at pH 8.0 and 45°C
-
ATP + H2O + nitrate-[nitrate-binding protein][side 1] = ADP + phosphate + nitrate[side 2] + [nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
efflux transporter coupled to the ATP-dependent H+ pumping activity, transports intracellular nitrate through the membrane out of the cell
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
-
-
-
-
transmembrane transport
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
ATP phosphohydrolase (ABC-type, nitrate-importing)
An ATP-binding cassette (ABC) type transporter, characterized by the presence of two similar ATP-binding domains/proteins and two integral membrane domains/proteins. The enzyme, found in bacteria, interacts with an extracytoplasmic substrate binding protein and mediates the import of nitrate, nitrite, and cyanate.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9000-83-3
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + H2O + abscisic acid/out
ADP + phosphate + abscisic acid/in
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate-[nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
ADP + phosphate + nitrate[side 2] + [nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.5 is a low-affinity, pH-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter, that participates in root xylem loading of nitrate
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.5 is a low-affinity, pH-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter, overview
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.8 can transport nitrate and regulates nitrate removal from xylem. Nitrate distribution under Cd2+ stress is altered by NRT1.8
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.5 is a low-affinity, pH-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter, that participates in root xylem loading of nitrate
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.5 is a low-affinity, pH-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter, overview
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrite/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrite/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrite/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrite/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
inactivation of the enzyme at low temperatures limits growth at low temperatures
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
rate-limiting step of nitrate-assimilation, nitrate transport activity is strictly dependent on active CO2-fixation. This positive C-control proceeds independently of the negative feed-back regulation promoted by ammonium assimilation
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
high-affinity nitrate transport
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
high-affinity nitrate transport
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
rate-limiting step of nitrate-assimilation, nitrate transport activity is strictly dependent on active CO2-fixation. This positive C-control proceeds independently of the negative feed-back regulation promoted by ammonium assimilation
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
inactivation of the enzyme at low temperatures limits growth at low temperatures
-
?
additional information
?
-
efflux nitrate transport through the cell membrane, increased transport rates in acidic conditions without enhancement of transcript levels but increased enzyme level resulting from posttranscriptional processes, involved in nitrate distribution although this seems not be essential for correct plant growth in standard growth conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, important for nitrate accumulation in seeds, influences the kinetics of seed germination, not involved in the nitrate uptake in roots or in nitrate distribution within the vegetative organs
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, important for NO3- signaling, which is important for the root architecture
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, NRT2.1 functions as the major nitrate uptake system and coordinates root development with external nitrate availability
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
high-affinity NO3- influx in the hni mutants, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NRT1.7 is involved in nitrate remobilization from the old leaf
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NRT1.8, injected in Xenopus laevis oocytes, mediates low-affinity nitrate uptake
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NRT2.4 is a nitrate transporter functioning in the high-affinity range
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NRT1.9 is a low-affinity nitrate transporter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, BnNrt2.1 but not BnNrt1.1 expression level affects root architecture formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme does not transport histidine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NarK2 does not function as a nitrate/nitrite antiporter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NarK2 does not function as a nitrate/nitrite antiporter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NarK2 does not function as a nitrate/nitrite antiporter
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate and nitrite transport through the cell membrane, prefers nitrate over nitrite
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate and nitrite transport through the cell membrane, essential for nitrogen supply
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
important for nitrate/nitrite transport through the cell membrane, NarK2 protein is required as a nitrate/nitrite transporter under denitrifying conditions.
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, reqiured for nitrate respiration under anoxic conditions
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + H2O + nitrate-[nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
ADP + phosphate + nitrate[side 2] + [nitrate-binding protein][side 1]
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.5 is a low-affinity, pH-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter, that participates in root xylem loading of nitrate
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.8 can transport nitrate and regulates nitrate removal from xylem. Nitrate distribution under Cd2+ stress is altered by NRT1.8
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
NRT1.5 is a low-affinity, pH-dependent bidirectional nitrate transporter, that participates in root xylem loading of nitrate
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrate/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrate/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrite/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrite/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + nitrite/out
ADP + phosphate + nitrite/in
-
the enzyme transports both nitrate and nitrite with high affinity
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
inactivation of the enzyme at low temperatures limits growth at low temperatures
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
rate-limiting step of nitrate-assimilation, nitrate transport activity is strictly dependent on active CO2-fixation. This positive C-control proceeds independently of the negative feed-back regulation promoted by ammonium assimilation
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
high-affinity nitrate transport
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
high-affinity nitrate transport
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
rate-limiting step of nitrate-assimilation, nitrate transport activity is strictly dependent on active CO2-fixation. This positive C-control proceeds independently of the negative feed-back regulation promoted by ammonium assimilation
-
-
?
ATP + H2O + NO3-/out
ADP + phosphate + NO3-/in
-
inactivation of the enzyme at low temperatures limits growth at low temperatures
-
?
additional information
?
-
efflux nitrate transport through the cell membrane, increased transport rates in acidic conditions without enhancement of transcript levels but increased enzyme level resulting from posttranscriptional processes, involved in nitrate distribution although this seems not be essential for correct plant growth in standard growth conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, important for nitrate accumulation in seeds, influences the kinetics of seed germination, not involved in the nitrate uptake in roots or in nitrate distribution within the vegetative organs
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, important for NO3- signaling, which is important for the root architecture
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, NRT2.1 functions as the major nitrate uptake system and coordinates root development with external nitrate availability
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
high-affinity NO3- influx in the hni mutants, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NRT1.7 is involved in nitrate remobilization from the old leaf
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NRT1.8, injected in Xenopus laevis oocytes, mediates low-affinity nitrate uptake
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
NRT2.4 is a nitrate transporter functioning in the high-affinity range
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, BnNrt2.1 but not BnNrt1.1 expression level affects root architecture formation
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate and nitrite transport through the cell membrane, prefers nitrate over nitrite
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate and nitrite transport through the cell membrane, essential for nitrogen supply
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
important for nitrate/nitrite transport through the cell membrane, NarK2 protein is required as a nitrate/nitrite transporter under denitrifying conditions.
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
nitrate transport through the cell membrane, reqiured for nitrate respiration under anoxic conditions
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Cd2+
-
the nrt1.8-1 mutant shows a nitrate-dependent Cd2+-sensitive phenotype, while wild-type NRT1.8 is upregulated by Cd2+ stress
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Cd2+
-
the nrt1.8-1 mutant shows a nitrate-dependent Cd2+-sensitive phenotype
NH4+
-
the C-terminal domain of NrtC is involved in the ammonium-promoted inhibition of the nitrate/nitrite transporter
additional information
-
nitrate uptake is inhibited by addition of ammonium ions to the medium, while uptake of nitrite is not, results indicate that the transporter is not directly inhibited by ammonium ions
-
additional information
-
is degraded in the vacuole in response to glutamine, induced by nitrate and repressed by the preferred nitrogen sources ammonium or glutamine
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
the nrt1.8-1 mutant shows a nitrate-dependent Cd2+-sensitive phenotype, and nitrate transport by NRT1.8 is pH-dependent
-
NAR2
-
the two-transmembrane-domain protein is required for the nitrate transport activity of NRT2 transporters
-
NAR2
Chlamydomonas sp.
-
the two-transmembrane-domain protein is required for the nitrate transport activity of NRT2 transporters
-
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Anemia, Hypochromic
Nitrogen form-mediated ethylene signal regulates root-to-shoot K+ translocation via NRT1.5.
Anemia, Hypochromic
NRT1.1-Related NH4+ Toxicity Is Associated with a Disturbed Balance between NH4+ Uptake and Assimilation.
Hypersensitivity
Ammonium aggravates salt stress in plants by entrapping them in a chloride over-accumulation state in an NRT1.1-dependent manner.
Infections
Abscisic acid and lateral root organ defective/NUMEROUS INFECTIONS AND POLYPHENOLICS modulate root elongation via reactive oxygen species in Medicago truncatula.
Infections
Alternaria Brassicae Induces Systemic Jasmonate Responses in Arabidopsis Which Travel to Neighboring Plants via a Piriformsopora Indica Hyphal Network and Activate Abscisic Acid Responses.
Iron Deficiencies
The nitrate transporter NRT1.1 is involved in iron deficiency responses in Arabidopsis
Plant Diseases
A deletion in NRT2.1 attenuates Pseudomonas syringae-induced hormonal perturbation, resulting in primed plant defenses.
Starvation
A central role for the nitrate transporter NRT2.1 in the integrated morphological and physiological responses of the root system to nitrogen limitation in Arabidopsis.
Starvation
Arabidopsis NRT1.5 Mediates the Suppression of Nitrate Starvation-Induced Leaf Senescence by Modulating Foliar Potassium Level.
Starvation
Comparative genome and transcriptome analysis unravels key factors of nitrogen use efficiency in Brassica napus L.
Starvation
eCALIBRATOR: A Comparative Tool to Identify Key Genes and Pathways for Eucalyptus Defense Against Biotic Stressors.
Starvation
Genome-wide identification and analysis of high-affinity nitrate transporter 2 (NRT2) family genes in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and their responses to various stresses.
Starvation
Improving nitrogen use efficiency by manipulating nitrate remobilization in plants.
Starvation
Reciprocal regulation between AtNRT2.1 and AtAMT1.1 expression and the kinetics of NH(4)(+) and NO(3)(-) influxes.
Starvation
Repression of Nitrogen Starvation Responses by Members of the Arabidopsis GARP-Type Transcription Factor NIGT1/HRS1 Subfamily.
Starvation
The Arabidopsis Nitrate Transporter NRT2.4 Plays a Double Role in Roots and Shoots of Nitrogen-Starved Plants.
Starvation
The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT2.5 plays a role in nitrate acquisition and remobilization in nitrogen-starved plants.
Starvation
The AraC-type regulator RipA represses aconitase and other iron proteins from corynebacterium under iron limitation and is itself repressed by DtxR.
Starvation
The expression patterns and putative function of nitrate transporter 2.5 in plants.
Starvation
The Transcription Factor NIGT1.2 Modulates Both Phosphate Uptake and Nitrate Influx during Phosphate Starvation in Arabidopsis and Maize.
Starvation
[Separation of the up-regulated genes under nitrogen starvation from Phaeodactylum tricornutum by suppression subtractive hybridization technology]
Tuberculosis
A single-nucleotide mutation in the -10 promoter region inactivates the narK2X promoter in Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium bovis BCG and has an application in diagnosis.
Tuberculosis
Differences in nitrate reduction between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium bovis are due to differential expression of both narGHJI and narK2.
Tuberculosis
Expression of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis acr-coregulated genes from the DevR (DosR) regulon is controlled by multiple levels of regulation.
Tuberculosis
Interaction of DevR with multiple binding sites synergistically activates divergent transcription of narK2-Rv1738 genes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis
Mutational analysis of the respiratory nitrate transporter NarK2 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Tuberculosis
Regulation of nitrate reductase activity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis by oxygen and nitric oxide.
Tuberculosis
Role of narK2X and narGHJI in hypoxic upregulation of nitrate reduction by Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
additional information
-
uptake kinetics of recombinant NRT1.9 in NRT1.9-injected oocytes, pH 5.5
-
0.0416
nitrate/out
recombinant enzyme in frog oocytes, pH 5.5, temperature not specified in the publication
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
treatments with the ethylene precursor, aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid and the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor, aminoethoxyvinylglycine are found to affect nitrate uptake
-
-
brenda
ssp. chinensis Makino, cultivar Suzhouqing, gene BcNRT1
UniProt
brenda
cv. Gatersleben, boron is found to affect nitrate uptake, boron deficiency causes decrease in nitrate uptake
-
-
brenda
different strains which are derivatives of the NCYC495 leu2 ura3 strain, enzyme is highly expressed in media containing nitrate as sole nitrogen source, addition of glutamine or ammonium decreased nitrate uptake and enzyme level
-
-
brenda
wild type and deletion mutants, NarK1 deletion does not affect nitrate uptake while NarK2 deletion causes strongly reduced nitrate uptake rates
-
-
brenda
strain PCC7942, ABC-type bispecific nitrate/nitrite transporter is encoded by the four genes nrtA, -B, -C, and -D
-
-
brenda
strain PCC7942, ABC-type bispecific nitrate/nitrite transporter is encoded by the four genes nrtA, -B, -C, and -D
-
-
brenda
ecotype Wassilewskija, NRT2.1 is up-regulated by nitrogen starvation, mutation of NRT2.1 or NRT2.2 has no significant consequences on the development of root growth under nonlimiting nitrogen conditions, in NRT2.1-dysfunction mutants the length of lateral roots is increased by low nitrogen supply
-
-
brenda
formerly unidentified protein; light and N-status does not affect enzyme level
UniProt
brenda
Heynh., deficiency mutant and transgenic derivatives of this mutant
-
-
brenda
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
histochemical analysis shows that NRT1.8 is expressed predominantly in xylem parenchyma cells within the vasculature
brenda
-
highly expressed in dry seeds, especially at the end of seed maturation, weak expression in the surrounding endosperm
brenda
-
histochemical analysis shows that NRT1.8 is expressed predominantly in xylem parenchyma cells within the vasculature
brenda
additional information
-
NRT1.9 is a transporter expressed in the companion cells of root phloem
brenda
-
NRT1.9 is expressed in the companion cells of the phloem
brenda
-
NRT1.7 is expressed in the phloem of the leaf minor vein. NRT1.7 is predominantly expressed in old leaves
brenda
-
NRT1.4 and NRT1.7, the latter is expressed in the phloem of minor veins in older leaves
brenda
-
NRT1.7 is expressed in the phloem of the leaf minor vein
brenda
-
NRT1.9 is expressed in the companion cells of the phloem, NRT1.7 is expressed in the phloem of minor veins in older leaves
brenda
-
CHL1, i.e. NRT1.1, is expressed in root epidermis, cortex, and endodermis. NRT1.8, a low-affinity nitrate transporter located in the plasma membrane, is expressed dominantly in the xylem parenchyma cells of roots
brenda
-
lateral, in the epidermis of lateral roots and in or close to the shoot phloem, spatiotemporal expression pattern of NRT2.4 in roots, overview
brenda
-
NRT2.4 expression in lateral root epidermal cells. NRT2.1 expression in the older part of the primary root regardless of nitrogen status
brenda
growing region of the root, root hair, and root stele, expression during lateral root formation and during the formation and emergence of the lateral root primordia
brenda
MtNRT1.3 expression is developmentally regulated in roots, with increasing expression after completion of germination in N-free medium
brenda
-
expressed in the pericycle region of primary roots and lateral roots, and in lateral root primordia and tips
brenda
-
MtNRT1.3 expression is developmentally regulated in roots, with increasing expression after completion of germination in N-free medium
-
brenda
-
MtNRT1.3 expression is developmentally regulated in roots, with increasing expression after completion of germination in N-free medium
-
brenda
-
NRT2.4 expression in shoots is limited to the primary veins of leaves and inflorescences and is adjacent to the phloem parenchyma
brenda
additional information
-
expression of NRT1.7 is diurnally regulated, quantitative RT-PCR analysis of NRT1.7 expression, overview
brenda
additional information
-
in nitrate-containing media, NRT2.4 expression is detected at low levels in roots and undetectable in shoots, but is induced after 3 days of nitrogen starvation 12fold in roots and detectable in shoots. NRT2.1 expression is high in roots in the presence of external nitrate and, after a transient increase, is relatively unchanged after 3 days of nitrogen starvation
brenda
additional information
-
quantitative RT-PCR NRT1.9 expression analysis
brenda
additional information
-
quantitative RT-PCR NRT2.4 expression analysis
brenda
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
accumulation of enzyme upon acid load or medium acidification
brenda
-
part of a mobilizable respiratory island for nitrate respiration
brenda
-
subcellular localization study, overview
brenda
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
evolution
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
additional information
evolution
-
the enzyme belongs to the NRT1/PTR family. Of 16 members characterized, some transport nitrate and some transport dipeptides. With the exception of Arabidopsis thaliana CHL1 (AtNRT1.1) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis NRT1.3, which are dual-affinity nitrate transporters, most of the NRT1 nitrate transporters characterized are low-affinity nitrate transporters. Most nitrate and peptide transporters characterized in the NRT1/PTR family are proton-coupled transporters. all NRT2 transporters isolated from Aspergillus, Chlamydomonas, and higher plants transport nitrate. It is believed that the NRT2s are also proton-coupled transporters
evolution
Chlamydomonas sp.
-
the enzyme belongs to the NRT1/PTR family. Of 16 members characterized, some transport nitrate and some transport dipeptides. With the exception of Arabidopsis thaliana CHL1 (AtNRT1.1) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis NRT1.3, which are dual-affinity nitrate transporters, most of the NRT1 nitrate transporters characterized are low-affinity nitrate transporters. Most nitrate and peptide transporters characterized in the NRT1/PTR family are proton-coupled transporters. all NRT2 transporters isolated from Aspergillus, Chlamydomonas, and higher plants transport nitrate. It is believed that the NRT2s are also proton-coupled transporters
evolution
-
the enzyme belongs to the NRT1/PTR family. Of 16 members characterized, some transport nitrate and some transport dipeptides. With the exception of Arabidopsis thaliana CHL1 (AtNRT1.1) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis NRT1.3, which are dual-affinity nitrate transporters, most of the NRT1 nitrate transporters characterized are low-affinity nitrate transporters. Most nitrate and peptide transporters characterized in the NRT1/PTR family are proton-coupled transporters. all NRT2 transporters isolated from Aspergillus, Chlamydomonas, and higher plants transport nitrate. It is believed that the NRT2s are also proton-coupled transporters
malfunction
-
functional disruption of NRT1.5 enhances tolerance to salt, drought and cadmium stresses, also nitrate as well as Na+ and Cd2+ levels are significantly increased in nrt1.5 roots. Genes including NHX1, SOS1, P5CS1, RD29A, AtPCS1 and NRT1.8, important in stress response pathways, are steadily upregulated in nrt1.5 mutant plants
malfunction
-
in N-starved nrt2.4 mutants, nitrate uptake under low external supply and nitrate content in shoot phloem exudates is decreased. In the absence of NRT2.1 and NRT2.2, loss of function of NRT2.4 (triple mutants) has an impact on biomass production under low nitrate supply, phenotypes, overview
malfunction
-
in nrt1.9 mutants, nitrate content in root phloem exudates is decreased, and downward nitrate transport is reduced. Under high nitrate conditions, the nrt1.9 mutant shows enhanced root-to-shoot nitrate transport and plant growth, phenotypes, overview
malfunction
-
mutants lacking AtNAR2.1 have virtually no high-affinity nitrate transport system capacity and exhibit extremely poor growth on low nitrate as the sole source of nitrogen. Near-normal growth and nitrate transport in the mutant are restored by transformation with myc-tagged AtNAR2.1 cDNA
malfunction
-
nrt2.1 mutants show reduced susceptibility to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000. In NRT1.7 mutants more nitrate accumulates in older leaves, less 15NO3-dropped on the older leaves can be transported to younger leaves, and less nitrate is detected in the phloem sap of the older leaves. Nrt1.8 mutant shows a nitrate-dependent cadmium-sensitive phenotype and, compared with the wild type, an increased amount of cadmium is transported to the shoot. In the Arabidopsis nar2.1 mutant, the disappearance of NRT2.1 protein in the membrane fraction suggests that NAR2.1 is required for the plasma membrane targeting, and/or the protein stability, of NRT2.1. Nrt1.8 mutants show increased nitrate content in xylem sap and increased root-to-shoot nitrate translocation
malfunction
-
a loss-of-function mutation in NPF2.3 results in decreased root-to-shoot nitrate translocation and reduced shoot nitrate content in plants grown under salt stress
malfunction
-
enzyme nockout decreases rice growth and potassium concentration in xylem sap, root, culm, and sheath, but increases the shoot:root ratio of tissue potassium under higher nitrate
malfunction
-
functional disruption of NRT1.1 enhances resistance to iron deficiency stress
malfunction
-
reduction of nitrate transporter NRT2.5 expression results in a decrease in high-affinity nitrate uptake without impacting low-affinity uptake
metabolism
-
NRT1.1 is involved in a mechanism connecting nutrient and hormone signaling during organ development, overview
metabolism
-
NRT1.8 is the only nitrate assimilatory pathway gene that is strongly upregulated by Cd2+ stress in roots. NRT1.8-regulated nitrate distribution plays an important role in Cd2+ tolerance
metabolism
-
nitrate reallocation to roots might be a common response to stresses and is coordinately regulated by NRT1.8 and NRT1.5 genes, overview
metabolism
-
nitrate uptake is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level
physiological function
-
nitrate transporter NRT1.8 functions in nitrate removal from the xylem sap and mediates cadmium tolerance
physiological function
-
NRT1 transporter NRT1.7 is a low-affinity nitrate transporter, and involved in nitrate remobilization from the old leaf. Internal nitrate remobilization between leaves was important for plants to cope with nitrogen deficiency and the importance of enhanced nitrogen use efficiency for maximum growth. And NRT1.7 is responsible for phloem loading of nitrate in the source leaf to allow nitrate transport out of older leaves and into younger leaves
physiological function
-
pNRT2.1 is involved in high-affinity root uptake, and is a major target of this N signaling mechanism
physiological function
-
the NRT1.1 nitrate transporter is crucial for nitrate signaling governing root growth, and acts as a nitrate sensor. NRT1.1 also facilitates uptake of the phytohormone auxin. Moreover, nitrate inhibits NRT1.1-dependent auxin uptake, suggesting that transduction of nitrate signal by NRT1.1 is associated with a modification of auxin transport. Mutation of NRT1.1 enhances both auxin accumulation in lateral roots and growth of these roots at low, but not high, nitrate concentration. NRT1.1 represses lateral root growth at low nitrate availability by promoting basipetal auxin transport out of these roots NRT1.1, mechanism, overview
physiological function
nitrate transporter NRT1.3 is involved in the control of primary root growth and NO3- sensing acting in the response to N limitation, which increases the ability of the plant to acquire NO3- under N-limiting conditions
physiological function
-
NRT1.5 functions to mediate nitrate reallocation to roots, stress-responsive gene expression and metabolism, and consequently salt, drought and Cd2+ tolerance. NRT1.5 is involved in nitrate allocation to roots and the consequent tolerance to several stresses, in a mechanism probably shared with NRT1.8. NRT1.5 works together with NRT1.8 to fine-tune nitrate long-distance transport from roots to shoots
physiological function
-
NRT1.9 facilitates loading of nitrate into the root phloem and enhance downward nitrate transport in roots, expression of NRT1.9 in root companion cells
physiological function
-
NRT2.1 is a prominent high-affinity nitrate transporter that functions at low external nitrate concentrations and plays an additional role in lateral root initiation that is independent of this transport function. NRT2.4 is a high-affinity nitrate transporter important in both root uptake and phloem loading and that its spatial and temporal expression complements that of NRT2.1
physiological function
-
the Arabidopsis thaliana high affinity range nitrate transporter NRT2.4 plays a double role in roots and shoots of nitrogen-starved plants
physiological function
-
the NRT2.1- NAR2.1 complex has dual effects on lateral root development. In addition to being a transporter involved in nitrate uptake, CHL1 also functions as a nitrate sensor, regulating a transcriptional response called the primary nitrate response with roles in regulating root architecture. NRT1.4, a low-affinity nitrate transporter, plays a role in regulating leaf nitrate homeostasis and leaf development, NRT1.4 expressed in the petiole could affect lamina nitrate content and lamina growth. NRT1 transporters NRT1.8 and NRT1.9 are involved in regulating root-to-shoot nitrate translocation, both NRT1.8 and NRT1.9 are negative regulators of root-to-shoot nitrate transport but through different mechanisms. The function of NRT1.8 in removing nitrate from xylem sap also allows Cd2+ to stay in the roots, and consequently enhances Cd2+ tolerance. CHL1, i.e. NRT1.1, is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter mediating both the high-affinity transport system and the low-affinity transport system. The switch between the two affinities is controlled by phosphorylation at the T101 residue between the second and third transmembrane domains, this phosphorylation is regulated by the calcineurin B-like-interacting protein kinase CIPK23. Dual-affinity transport activity is also exhibited by the potassium transporter KUP and the nitrate transporter MtNRT1.3. NRT1.8 functions in removing nitrate from the xylem sap back into the root cells
physiological function
-
enzyme NPF6.8 s a major contributor to the inducible component of the low-affinity transport system and plays a role of in the primary nitrate response
physiological function
-
nitrate transporter NRT2.5 plays a role in nitrate acquisition and remobilization in nitrogen-starved plants by ensuring the efficient uptake of nitrate collectively with enzyme forms NRT2.1, NRT2.2 and NRT2.4 and by taking part in nitrate loading into the phloem during nitrate remobilization
physiological function
-
the enzyme contributes to nitrate translocation to shoots under salt stress
physiological function
-
the enzyme functions in acquisition and long-distance transport of nitrate and plays an important role in maintaining nitrate-mediated growth and development in rice. Low-affinity nitrate acquisition of roots is increased by enzyme overexpression
physiological function
-
the enzyme is involved in iron deficiency responses
physiological function
-
the enzyme plays a major role in post-flowering nitrate uptake
physiological function
-
under low N condition, enzyme NRT1.1b accumulates more nitrogen in plants and improves rice growth
physiological function
-
the nitrate transporter NPF7.3/NRT1.5 is involved in lateral root development under potassium deprivation. The enzyme drives root-to-shoot transport of NO3- and is also involved in root-to-shoot translocation of potassium under low NO3- nutrition
physiological function
-
nitrate transporter NRT1.3 is involved in the control of primary root growth and NO3- sensing acting in the response to N limitation, which increases the ability of the plant to acquire NO3- under N-limiting conditions
-
physiological function
-
nitrate transporter NRT1.3 is involved in the control of primary root growth and NO3- sensing acting in the response to N limitation, which increases the ability of the plant to acquire NO3- under N-limiting conditions
-
additional information
-
functional disruption of NRT1.8 significantly increased the nitrate concentration in xylem sap
additional information
-
in nrt1.7 mutants, more nitrate is present in the older leaves, less 15NO3- spotted on old leaves is remobilized into N-demanding tissues, and less nitrate is detected in the phloem exudates of old leaves. Nrt1.7 mutants show growth retardation when external nitrogen is depleted
additional information
-
a membrane protein, NAR2, is required for the nitrate transport activity of NRT2 transporters
additional information
Chlamydomonas sp.
-
a membrane protein, NAR2, is required for the nitrate transport activity of NRT2 transporters
additional information
-
AtNRT2.1 is a polypeptide of the Arabidopsis thaliana two-component inducible high-affinity nitrate transport system, IHATS, formed by AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1, i.e AtNRT3.1.The monomeric form of AtNRT2.1 is the most abundant form, but the complex, rather than monomeric AtNRT2.1, is the form that is active in IHATS nitrate transport
additional information
-
expression of NRT2.4 and NRT2.1 is differentially regulated in young seedlings in response to N availability
additional information
MtNRT1.3 is a dual-affinity NO3- transporter
additional information
-
MtNRT1.3 is a dual-affinity NO3- transporter
-
additional information
-
MtNRT1.3 is a dual-affinity NO3- transporter
-
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UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). NRTC_SYNE7
Synechococcus elongatus (strain PCC 7942 / FACHB-805)
659
0
72346
Swiss-Prot
-
NRTC_SYNY3
Synechocystis sp. (strain PCC 6803 / Kazusa)
670
0
75101
Swiss-Prot
-
NRTD_SYNE7
Synechococcus elongatus (strain PCC 7942 / FACHB-805)
274
0
30366
Swiss-Prot
-
NRTD_SYNY3
Synechocystis sp. (strain PCC 6803 / Kazusa)
266
0
29920
Swiss-Prot
-
A0A109NWN0_MYCFO
Mycolicibacterium fortuitum subsp. fortuitum DSM 46621 = ATCC 6841 = JCM 6387
106
3
11063
TrEMBL
-
D8IQK4_HERSS
Herbaspirillum seropedicae (strain SmR1)
421
12
45995
TrEMBL
-
G7JW11_MEDTR
591
12
65254
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
G7JK37_MEDTR
593
11
66461
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2P6S1Y4_ROSCH
589
11
65275
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A2G9FWA7_9LAMI
158
0
17649
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 5)
A0A2P6QHX2_ROSCH
570
12
62459
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A0X9BH63_MYCFO
Mycolicibacterium fortuitum subsp. fortuitum DSM 46621 = ATCC 6841 = JCM 6387
200
5
20870
TrEMBL
-
A0A396JF40_MEDTR
225
4
25574
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
A0A2G9H0B1_9LAMI
540
11
59081
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A0H3C7G7_CAUVN
Caulobacter vibrioides (strain NA1000 / CB15N)
261
0
28263
TrEMBL
-
A0A2G9G2J2_9LAMI
593
10
65234
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2P6QXJ7_ROSCH
334
5
38337
TrEMBL
Mitochondrion (Reliability: 2)
A0A024H441_9MICC
489
12
52050
TrEMBL
-
A0A2G9HXC7_9LAMI
575
11
63690
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A2P6QHY1_ROSCH
556
12
60795
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3)
D5LQ68_MEDTR
588
11
64884
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
G7JW09_MEDTR
583
12
64615
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A2P6SJQ5_ROSCH
562
12
61332
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A2P6SJP7_ROSCH
549
11
60485
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 2)
A0A2P6P886_ROSCH
592
12
65440
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 1)
A0A2G9H5V7_9LAMI
556
11
61692
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 4)
NARU_ECOLI
Escherichia coli (strain K12)
462
0
49890
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 1)
NARK2_MYCTU
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (strain ATCC 25618 / H37Rv)
395
0
41109
Swiss-Prot
-
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
26000
-
2 * 48000, AtNRT2.1, SDS-PAGE, + 2 * 26000, myc-tagged AtNAR2.1, SDS-PAGE, the functional unit for high-affinity nitrate influx may be a tetramer consisting of two subunits each of AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1
45000
-
His-tagged NrtA1, silver staining and immunoblotting of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis
47300
-
x * 47300, NarK1, calculated from the deduced amino acid sequence
48000
-
2 * 48000, AtNRT2.1, SDS-PAGE, + 2 * 26000, myc-tagged AtNAR2.1, SDS-PAGE, the functional unit for high-affinity nitrate influx may be a tetramer consisting of two subunits each of AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1
50600
-
x * 50600, NarK2, calculated from the deduced amino acid sequence
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
tetramer
-
2 * 48000, AtNRT2.1, SDS-PAGE, + 2 * 26000, myc-tagged AtNAR2.1, SDS-PAGE, the functional unit for high-affinity nitrate influx may be a tetramer consisting of two subunits each of AtNRT2.1 and AtNAR2.1
additional information
additional information
-
ATP-binding cassette-type ATPase, NrtC and NrtD constitute the membrane transporter complex, NrtB is a hydrophobic protein with five putative membrane-spanning segments, the substrate-binding protein NrtA is tightly bound to the cytoplasmic membrane, an NrtA-like extra domain is linked to one of the ATP-binding subunits
additional information
-
nrtB, nrtC and nrtD encode proteins of 279, 659 and 274 amino acids
additional information
-
the nrtB, nrtC and nrtD genes encode membrane components of the ATP-binding cassette transporter, the 45000 Da nrtA gene product is a nitrate- and nitrite-binding lipoprotein
additional information
-
ATP-binding cassette-type ATPase, NrtC and NrtD constitute the membrane transporter complex, NrtB is a hydrophobic protein with five putative membrane-spanning segments, the substrate-binding protein NrtA is tightly bound to the cytoplasmic membrane, an NrtA-like extra domain is linked to one of the ATP-binding subunits
-
additional information
-
the nrtB, nrtC and nrtD genes encode membrane components of the ATP-binding cassette transporter, the 45000 Da nrtA gene product is a nitrate- and nitrite-binding lipoprotein
-
additional information
-
nrtB, nrtC and nrtD encode proteins of 279, 659 and 274 amino acids
-
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POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
phosphoprotein
additional information
-
nitrogen sources trigger Ynt1 ubiquitinylation, Ynt1 becomes modified with ubiquitin during down-regulation as a result of nitrate assimilation or the shift to a preferred nitrogen source
phosphoprotein
the mode of action ofNRT1.1 is controlled by phosphorylation of a key residue Thr101
phosphoprotein
-
phosphorylation sites at the central cytosolic domain of the enzyme, not involved in the down-regulation of the enzyme
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
apo and nitrate-bound enzyme, hanging drop vapor diffusion method, using 22% (w/v) PEG 400, 0.05 M sodium citrate pH 4.5, 0.07 M sodium chloride and 1.5% (w/v) PEG 600
hanging drop vapor diffusion method, using 100 mM sodium acetate, pH 4.5, 30% PEG300 and 3% (w/v) 2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
H356A
the mutation results in complete loss of nitrate binding ability
T101A
-
inactivation of the high-affinity component of the transporter by preventing phosphorylation at Thr101
T101D
the variant shows increased nitrate uptake of approximately 2.8fold compared to the wild type enzyme
F265A
the mutant retains very weak binding to nitrate but not to nitrite
N173A
the mutant retains some binding to substrate, albeit drastically reduced in comparison to the wild type
R303A
the mutation completely abrogates binding to nitrate or nitrite
Y261A,
the mutation completely abrogates binding to nitrate or nitrite
D267G
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
F114S
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
F19S
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
G140S
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
G315S
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
G69S
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
P50S
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
P84T
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
G140S
-
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
-
G69S
-
the mutant shows reduced activity compared to the wild type enzyme
-
K243R/K253R/K270R
-
no ubiquitinylation, strongly reduced down-regulation in response to glutamine
additional information
additional information
construction of a knockout mutant, no effect on plant growth, no changes in nitrate uptake upon acid load or medium acidification
additional information
-
mutation of the NRT1.5 nitrate transporter causes defective root-to-shoot nitrate transport, knockdown or knockout mutations of NRT1.5 reduces the amount of nitrate transported from the root to the shoot, Root and shoot nitrate contents of antisense NRT1.5 plants, overview. T-DNA-tagged mutants nrt1.5-1 and nrt1.5-2 are defective in long-distance transport of nitrate but not of sulfate or phosphate
additional information
-
a line expressing the auxin-inducible DR5::GUS reporter gene is crossed with the chl1-5 knockout mutant for NRT1.1. Mutation of NRT1.1 does not affect expression of DR5::GUS in plants supplied with 1 mM NO3, but dramatically increases it in plants either grown in the absence of NO3- or supplied with a low external NO3- concentration. Absence of a functional NRT1.1 transporter prevents the decrease of DR5::GUS expression in response to removal or lowered supply of NO3-, leading to a high DR5 activity regardless of the presence of an N source, phenotype, overview
additional information
-
isolation of three high nitrogen insensitive mutants, belonging to three genetic loci and related to single and recessive mutations, that display reduced downregulation of both NRT2.1 expression and high-affinity NO3- influx under repressive conditions. associated with an almost complete suppression of systemic repression of pNRT2.1 activity by high N status of the whole plant. The three hni mutants define a class of N signaling mutants specifically impaired in the systemic feedback repression of root NO3- uptake, molecular effects of the mutations and phenotypes, detailed overview. pNRT2.1::LUC is a good marker for NRT2.1 expression
additional information
-
generation of several mutants devoid of NAR2.1, e.g. Atnar2.1-35S:NAR2.1-myc mutant, complementation by expression of wild-type NAR2.1, phenotypes, overview
additional information
-
mutation of the NRT1.5 nitrate transporter causes defective root-to-shoot nitrate transport, knockdown or knockout mutations of NRT1.5 reduces the amount of nitrate transported from the root to the shoot, Root and shoot nitrate contents of antisense NRT1.5 plants, overview. T-DNA-tagged mutants nrt1.5-1 and nrt1.5-2 are defective in long-distance transport of nitrate but not of sulfate or phosphate
-
additional information
nitrate uptake is restored in mutant chl1-5 plants by expression of the wild-type enzyme using the 35S::BcNRT1 construct
additional information
-
construction of deletion mutants, NarK1 mutant grows almost normally, while NarK2 mutant shows strongly reduced generation times under nitrate-dependent anaerobic growth conditions, almost no growth of the NarK1/NarK2 double mutant, impaired growth can be restored by expression of the narK gene from Escherichia coli K-12
additional information
-
the NA3 mutant of strain PCC7942, constructed by deleting the nrtABCD genes from the nirA operon, is defective in the active transport of nitrate, an insertional mutant of NA3 is constructed for each of the four genes and analyzed for its nitrite transport ability, overview
additional information
-
the NA3 mutant of strain PCC7942, constructed by deleting the nrtABCD genes from the nirA operon, is defective in the active transport of nitrate, an insertional mutant of NA3 is constructed for each of the four genes and analyzed for its nitrite transport ability, overview
-
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a fusion protein between a 2-kb fragment of the ATNRT2.7 promoter and either the beta-glucuronidase or green fluorescent protein reporter gene stably introduced into the Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Wassilewskija
-
ansient expression of the NRT1.8:enhanced green fluorescent protein fusion in onion epidermal cells and Arabidopsis protoplasts
-
expressed as GFP-fusion protein using Agrobacterium tumefaciens, correct localization
-
expressed in cells the nrtABCD deletion mutant NA3 of Synechococcus elongatus which restores the ability of the cell to grow on nitrate as sole nitrogen source
-
expressed in Escherichia coli
expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes
expression of the pNRT2.1::LUC reporter gene construct in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants, genotyping, overview
-
gene BcNRT1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis, expression in Brassica campestris mesophyll protoplasts from pEarleyGate101 and pEarleyGate104 vectors or the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter using the BcNRT1 promoter for analysis of subcellular localization by YFP fluorescence labeling, expression analysis by quantitative RT-PCR
gene Medtr5g093170.1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, phylogenetic analysis, expression of NRT1.3 in Xenopus laevis oocytes
gene nrt2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, detailed phylogenetic analysis
mutants and GFP-fusion protein, GFP-fusion protein is active and correctly localized
-
narK gene expressed in NarK2 and NarK1/NarK2 deletion mutants of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, narK gene expression is capable of restoring the anaerobic growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, although at reduced rates compared with the wild type
-
the nitrite transporting system is encoded by the four genes nrtA, -B, -C, and -D, organized in the CynABD operon genes, physical map of the cynABDS genomic region
-
transient expression of GFP-NRT1.9 fusion protein in Arabidopsis thaliana mesophyll protoplasts using the CMV 35S promoter
-
truncated NrtA protein lacking the N-terminal 81 amino acids, expressed in Escherichia coli cells as a histidine-tagged soluble protein
-
Xenopus laevis oocytes are injected with nuclease-free water or ATNRT2.7 mRNA, ATNRT2.7 mRNA-injected oocytes take up significantly more nitrate than water-injected controls
-
gene nrt2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, detailed phylogenetic analysis
gene nrt2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, detailed phylogenetic analysis
gene nrt2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, detailed phylogenetic analysis
gene nrt2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, detailed phylogenetic analysis
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
enzyme expression is strongly influenced by plant nitrogen status at flowering during the first 300-400 degree-days after flowering
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ex-pression of CHL1 (NRT1.1), NRT1.2, NRT2.1, NRT2.2, and/or NRT2.4 is regulated at the transcriptional level by nitrate, nitrite, ammonium, glutamine, N starvation, light, sucrose, diurnal rhythm, and/or pH
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gene expression of Nrt2.1 and Nrt2.3 is strongly induced by low NO3- concentration
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in response to salt stress (24 h treatment with 100 mM Na+), the expression of the root stele NO-3 transporter gene NPF2.3 is maintained
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in roots, enzyme expression can be increased by 33% by supply of high nitrate (2.5 mM)
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mRNA level of NRT1.5 is down-regulated by salt, drought as well as cadmium treatments
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MtNRT1.3 is environmentally downregulated by the addition of NO3- to the roots
MtNRT1.3 is environmentally upregulated by the absence of NO3-, not as a result of a systemic signalling of plant N status
NRT1.8 is upregulated by nitrate. NRT1.8 is the only nitrate assimilatory pathway gene that is strongly upregulated by Cd2+ stress in roots
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NRT2.1 transgenic Arabidopsis and Nicotiana reveal post-transcriptional repression of nitrate uptake in response to ammonium or dark treatments. In wild type, both the AtNRT2.1 mRNA level and the HATS are downregulated by prolonged dark. In the Arabidopsis 35S-NRT2.1 plant, the mRNA level remains unchanged in response to prolonged dark, but the HATS and NRT2.1 protein levels are reduced. cadmium treatment reduces the activity of NRT1.8 in the shoot
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transporters NRT1.6, NRT1.7, NRT2.1, and NRT2.4 are inducible by nitrate. In wild type, expression of NRT1.8 is upregulated by cadmium
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MtNRT1.3 is environmentally downregulated by the addition of NO3- to the roots
MtNRT1.3 is environmentally downregulated by the addition of NO3- to the roots
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MtNRT1.3 is environmentally downregulated by the addition of NO3- to the roots
-
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MtNRT1.3 is environmentally upregulated by the absence of NO3-, not as a result of a systemic signalling of plant N status
MtNRT1.3 is environmentally upregulated by the absence of NO3-, not as a result of a systemic signalling of plant N status
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MtNRT1.3 is environmentally upregulated by the absence of NO3-, not as a result of a systemic signalling of plant N status
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Omata, T.
Structure, function and regulation of the nitrate transport system of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7942
Plant Cell Physiol.
36
207-213
1995
Synechococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
brenda
Sakamoto, T.; Bryant, D.A.
Nitrate transport and not photoinhibition limits growth of the freshwater cyanobacterium Synechococcus species PCC 6301 at low temperature
Plant Physiol.
119
785-794
1999
Synechococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. PCC6301
brenda
Maeda, S.; Omata, T.
Substrate-binding lipoprotein of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942 involved in the transport of nitrate and nitrite
J. Biol. Chem.
272
3036-3041
1997
Synechococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
brenda
Kobayashi, M.; Rodriguez, R.; Lara, C.; Omata, T.
Involvement of the C-terminal domain of an ATP-binding subunit in the regulation of the ABC-type nitrate/nitrite transporter of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942
J. Biol. Chem.
272
27197-27201
1997
Synechococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
brenda
Omata, T.; Andriesse, X.; Hirano, A.
Identification and characterization of a gene cluster involved in nitrate transport in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC7942
Mol. Gen. Genet.
236
193-202
1993
Synechococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
brenda
Wu, Q.; Stewart, V.
NasFED proteins mediate assimilatory nitrate and nitrite transport in Klebsiella oxytoca (pneumoniae) M5a1
J. Bacteriol.
180
1311-1322
1998
Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella oxytoca M5a1
brenda
Rodriguez, R.; Kobayashi, M.; Omata, T.; Lara, C.
Independence of carbon and nitrogen control in the posttranslational regulation of nitrate transport in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7942
FEBS Lett.
432
207-212
1998
Synechococcus sp., Synechococcus sp. PCC 7942
brenda
Cava , C.F.; Berenguer , B.J.
Biochemical and regulatory properties of a respiratory island encoded by a conjugative plasmid in the extreme thermophile Thermus thermophilus
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
34
97-100
2006
Thermus thermophilus
brenda
Nagore, D.; Sanz, B.; Soria, J.; Llarena, M.; Llama, M.J.; Calvete, J.J.; Serra, J.L.
The nitrate/nitrite ABC transporter of Phormidium laminosum: phosphorylation state of NrtA is not involved in its substrate binding activity
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1760
172-181
2006
Phormidium laminosum
brenda
Sharma, V.; Noriega, C.E.; Rowe, J.J.
Involvement of NarK1 and NarK2 proteins in transport of nitrate and nitrite in the denitrifying bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1
Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
72
3802
2006
Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa
-
brenda
Aichi, M.; Yoshihara, S.; Yamashita, M.; Maeda, S.; Nagai, K.; Omata, T.
Characterization of the nitrate-nitrite transporter of the major facilitator superfamily (the nrtP gene product) from the cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme strain ATCC 29133
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
70
2682-2689
2006
Nostoc punctiforme
brenda
Navarro, F.J.; Machin, F.; Martin, Y.; Siverio, J.M.
Down-regulation of eukaryotic nitrate transporter by nitrogen-dependent ubiquitinylation
J. Biol. Chem.
281
13268-13274
2006
Ogataea angusta
brenda
Segonzac, C.; Boyer, J.C.; Ipotesi, E.; Szponarski, W.; Tillard, P.; Touraine, B.; Sommerer, N.; Rossignol, M.; Gibrat, R.
Nitrate efflux at the root plasma membrane: identification of an Arabidopsis excretion transporter
Plant Cell
19
3760-3777
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M1E2)
brenda
Walch-Liu, P.; Forde, B.G.
Nitrate signalling mediated by the NRT1.1 nitrate transporter antagonises L-glutamate-induced changes in root architecture
Plant J.
54
820-828
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Remans, T.; Nacry, P.; Pervent, M.; Girin, T.; Tillard, P.; Lepetit, M.; Gojon, A.
A central role for the nitrate transporter NRT2.1 in the integrated morphological and physiological responses of the root system to nitrogen limitation in Arabidopsis
Plant Physiol.
140
909-921
2006
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Leblanc, A.; Renault, H.; Lecourt, J.; Etienne, P.; Deleu, C.; Le Deunff, E.
Elongation changes of exploratory and root hair systems induced by aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid and aminoethoxyvinylglycine affect nitrate uptake and BnNrt2.1 and BnNrt1.1 transporter gene expression in oilseed rape
Plant Physiol.
146
1928-1940
2008
Brassica napus
brenda
Chopin, F.; Wirth, J.; Dorbe, M.F.; Lejay, L.; Krapp, A.; Gojon, A.; Daniel-Vedele, F.
The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter AtNRT2.1 is targeted to the root plasma membrane
Plant Physiol. Biochem.
45
630-635
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Camacho-Cristobal, J.J.; Gonzalez-Fontes, A.
Boron deficiency decreases plasmalemma H+-ATPase expression and nitrate uptake, and promotes ammonium assimilation into asparagine in tobacco roots
Planta
226
443-451
2007
Nicotiana tabacum
brenda
Maeda, S.; Omata, T.
Nitrite transport activity of the ABC-type cyanate transporter of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus
J. Bacteriol.
191
3265-3272
2009
Synechococcus elongatus, Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942
brenda
Lin, S.H.; Kuo, H.F.; Canivenc, G.; Lin, C.S.; Lepetit, M.; Hsu, P.K.; Tillard, P.; Lin, H.L.; Wang, Y.Y.; Tsai, C.B.; Gojon, A.; Tsay, Y.F.
Mutation of the Arabidopsis NRT1.5 nitrate transporter causes defective root-to-shoot nitrate transport
Plant Cell
20
2514-2528
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis thaliana NRT1.5
brenda
Krouk, G.; Lacombe, B.; Bielach, A.; Perrine-Walker, F.; Malinska, K.; Mounier, E.; Hoyerova, K.; Tillard, P.; Leon, S.; Ljung, K.; Zazimalova, E.; Benkova, E.; Nacry, P.; Gojon, A.
Nitrate-regulated auxin transport by NRT1.1 defines a mechanism for nutrient sensing in plants
Dev. Cell
18
927-937
2010
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Fan, S.C.; Lin, C.S.; Hsu, P.K.; Lin, S.H.; Tsay, Y.F.
The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.7, expressed in phloem, is responsible for source-to-sink remobilization of nitrate
Plant Cell
21
2750-2761
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Li, J.Y.; Fu, Y.L.; Pike, S.M.; Bao, J.; Tian, W.; Zhang, Y.; Chen, C.Z.; Zhang, Y.; Li, H.M.; Huang, J.; Li, L.G.; Schroeder, J.I.; Gassmann, W.; Gong, J.M.
The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.8 functions in nitrate removal from the xylem sap and mediates cadmium tolerance
Plant Cell
22
1633-1646
2010
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Girin, T.; El-Kafafi, e.l.-.S.; Widiez, T.; Erban, A.; Hubberten, H.M.; Kopka, J.; Hoefgen, R.; Gojon, A.; Lepetit, M.
Identification of Arabidopsis mutants impaired in the systemic regulation of root nitrate uptake by the nitrogen status of the plant
Plant Physiol.
153
1250-1260
2010
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Slot, J.; Hallstrom, K.; Matheny, P.; Hosaka, K.; Mueller, G.; Robertson, D.; Hibbett, D.
Phylogenetic, structural and functional diversification of nitrate transporters in three ecologically diverse clades of mushroom-forming fungi
Fungal Ecology
3
160-177
2010
Hebeloma helodes (C7SFH0), Hebeloma helodes (C7SFH1), Hebeloma radicosum (C7SFH7), Hebeloma velutipes (C7SFH8), Hebeloma sp. (C7SFI4), Hebeloma radicosum MYA2661 (C7SFH7), Hebeloma helodes JCS92306A (C7SFH0), Hebeloma helodes JCS92306A (C7SFH1), Hebeloma sp. PBM2674 (C7SFI4), Hebeloma velutipes JCS91707A (C7SFH8)
-
brenda
Morere-Le Paven, M.C.; Viau, L.; Hamon, A.; Vandecasteele, C.; Pellizzaro, A.; Bourdin, C.; Laffont, C.; Lapied, B.; Lepetit, M.; Frugier, F.; Legros, C.; Limami, A.M.
Characterization of a dual-affinity nitrate transporter MtNRT1.3 in the model legume Medicago truncatula
J. Exp. Bot.
62
5595-5605
2011
Medicago truncatula (D5LQ68), Medicago truncatula, Medicago truncatula Jemalong-6 (D5LQ68), Medicago truncatula DZA315.16 (D5LQ68)
brenda
Yang, X.; Sun, F.; Xiong, A.; Wang, F.; Kong, M.; Wang, Q.; Wang, J.; Dai, W.; Xia, X.; Hou, X.
BcNRT1, a plasma membrane-localized nitrate transporter from non-heading Chinese cabbage
Mol. Biol. Rep.
39
7997-8006
2012
Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (H8Y6S4)
brenda
Wang, Y.Y.; Tsay, Y.F.
Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT1.9 is important in phloem nitrate transport
Plant Cell
23
1945-1957
2011
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Bertoni, G.
A nitrate transporter for both roots and shoots
Plant Cell
24
1
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Kiba, T.; Feria-Bourrellier, A.B.; Lafouge, F.; Lezhneva, L.; Boutet-Mercey, S.; Orsel, M.; Brehaut, V.; Miller, A.; Daniel-Vedele, F.; Sakakibara, H.; Krapp, A.
The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT2.4 plays a double role in roots and shoots of nitrogen-starved plants
Plant Cell
24
245-258
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Yong, Z.; Kotur, Z.; Glass, A.D.
Characterization of an intact two-component high-affinity nitrate transporter from Arabidopsis roots
Plant J.
63
739-748
2010
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Chen, C.Z.; Lv, X.F.; Li, J.Y.; Yi, H.Y.; Gong, J.M.
Arabidopsis NRT1.5 is another essential component in regulation of nitrate reallocation and stress tolerance
Plant Physiol.
159
1582-1590
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Wang, Y.; Hsu, P.; Tsay, Y.
Uptake, allocation and signaling of nitrate
Trends Plant Sci.
17
458-467
2012
Arabidopsis thaliana, Aspergillus sp., Chlamydomonas sp.
brenda
Yan, H.; Huang, W.; Yan, C.; Gong, X.; Jiang, S.; Zhao, Y.; Wang, J.; Shi, Y.
Structure and mechanism of a nitrate transporter
Cell Rep.
3
716-723
2013
Escherichia coli (P37758)
brenda
Xia, X.; Fan, X.; Wei, J.; Feng, H.; Qu, H.; Xie, D.; Miller, A.J.; Xu, G.
Rice nitrate transporter OsNPF2.4 functions in low-affinity acquisition and long-distance transport
J. Exp. Bot.
66
317-331
2015
Oryza sativa
brenda
Chen, Z.; Ma, J.
Improving nitrogen use efficiency in rice through enhancing root nitrate uptake mediated by a nitrate transporter, NRT1.1B
J. Genet. Genomics
42
463-465
2015
Oryza sativa
brenda
Fan, X.; Feng, H.; Tan, Y.; Xu, Y.; Miao, Q.; Xu, G.
A putative 6 trans-membrane nitrate transporter OsNRT1.1b plays a key role in rice under low nitrogen
J. Integr. Plant Biol.
58
590-599
2015
Oryza sativa
brenda
Liu, X.; Cui, H.; Li, A.; Zhang, M.; Teng, Y.
The nitrate transporter NRT1.1 is involved in iron deficiency responses in Arabidopsis
J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci.
178
601-608
2015
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Parker, J.L.; Newstead, S.
Molecular basis of nitrate uptake by the plant nitrate transporter NRT1.1
Nature
507
68-72
2014
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q05085), Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Sun, J.; Bankston, J.R.; Payandeh, J.; Hinds, T.R.; Zagotta, W.N.; Zheng, N.
Crystal structure of the plant dual-affinity nitrate transporter NRT1.1
Nature
507
73-77
2014
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q05085)
brenda
Charrier, A.; Berard, J.B.; Bougaran, G.; Carrier, G.; Lukomska, E.; Schreiber, N.; Fournier, F.; Charrier, A.F.; Rouxel, C.; Garnier, M.; Cadoret, J.P.; Saint-Jean, B.
High-affinity nitrate/nitrite transporter genes (Nrt2) in Tisochrysis lutea: identification and expression analyses reveal some interesting specificities of Haptophyta microalgae
Physiol. Plant.
154
572-590
2015
Tisochrysis lutea
brenda
Lezhneva, L.; Kiba, T.; Feria-Bourrellier, A.B.; Lafouge, F.; Boutet-Mercey, S.; Zoufan, P.; Sakakibara, H.; Daniel-Vedele, F.; Krapp, A.
The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NRT2.5 plays a role in nitrate acquisition and remobilization in nitrogen-starved plants
Plant J.
80
230-241
2014
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Taochy, C.; Gaillard, I.; Ipotesi, E.; Oomen, R.; Leonhardt, N.; Zimmermann, S.; Peltier, J.B.; Szponarski, W.; Simonneau, T.; Sentenac, H.; Gibrat, R.; Boyer, J.C.
The Arabidopsis root stele transporter NPF2.3 contributes to nitrate translocation to shoots under salt stress
Plant J.
83
466-479
2015
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Bagchi, R.; Salehin, M.; Adeyemo, O.S.; Salazar, C.; Shulaev, V.; Sherrier, D.J.; Dickstein, R.
Functional assessment of the Medicago truncatula NIP/LATD protein demonstrates that it is a high-affinity nitrate transporter
Plant Physiol.
160
906-916
2012
Medicago truncatula
brenda
Pellizzaro, A.; Clochard, T.; Cukier, C.; Bourdin, C.; Juchaux, M.; Montrichard, F.; Thany, S.; Raymond, V.; Planchet, E.; Limami, A.M.; Morere-Le Paven, M.C.
The nitrate transporter MtNPF6.8 (MtNRT1.3) transports abscisic acid and mediates nitrate regulation of primary root growth in Medicago truncatula
Plant Physiol.
166
2152-2165
2014
Medicago truncatula
brenda
Taulemesse, F.; Le Gouis, J.; Gouache, D.; Gibon, Y.; Allard, V.
Post-flowering nitrate uptake in wheat is controlled by N status at flowering, with a putative major role of root nitrate transporter NRT2.1
PLoS ONE
10
e0120291
2015
Triticum aestivum
brenda
Giffin, M.M.; Raab, R.W.; Morganstern, M.; Sohaskey, C.D.
Mutational analysis of the respiratory nitrate transporter NarK2 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
PLoS ONE
7
e45459
2012
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (P9WJY7), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (P9WJY7)
brenda
Li, G.; Tillard, P.; Gojon, A.; Maurel, C.
Dual regulation of root hydraulic conductivity and plasma membrane aquaporins by plant nitrate accumulation and high-affinity nitrate transporter NRT2.1
Plant Cell Physiol.
57
733-742
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Zheng, Y.; Drechsler, N.; Rausch, C.; Kunze, R.
The Arabidopsis nitrate transporter NPF7.3/NRT1.5 is involved in lateral root development under potassium deprivation
Plant Signal. Behav.
11
e1176819
2016
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
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EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 7.3.2.4)
Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): 3.A.1.16.1
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