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1,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol 6-phosphate
2-deoxy-D-glucose
-
low substrate inhibition
5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
-
inactivation, protection by MgADP-, AMP, 2-deoxyglucose, glucose, and mannose probably via binary complex formation, no protection by glucose 6-phosphate, slight protection by MgATP2-
acetate
-
noncompetitive to glucose
acidic phospholipids
-
irreversible inhibition, binds at the nucleotide-binding site of enzyme, ATP and glucose 6-phosphate protect, effectiveness of various ligands in protection against inhibition, effect of pH and temperature
-
AMP
-
binds to free enzyme and to D-glucose-enzyme
arsenate
-
catalytically active 51 kDa C fragment of hexokinase
Br-
-
noncompetitive to glucose
cardiolipin
-
effectiveness of various ligands in protection against inhibition, effect of pH and temperature
Cibacron blue
-
competitive to ATP
Cl-
-
noncompetitive to glucose
Cr(III)-ATP
-
complex of ATP with chromium in the 3+ oxidation state, mixed versus MgATP2-, competitive inhibition versus 2-deoxyglucose
D-glucose 1,6-diphosphate
-
-
F-
-
noncompetitive to glucose
glucokinase regulatory protein
-
I-
-
noncompetitive to glucose
Insulin
-
decreases glucokinase activity at 5.5 mM glucose and at 10 mM glucose. No effect at 2.8 mM glucose or at 20 mM glucose
-
leptin
-
decreases glucokinase activity at all glucose concentrations tested
-
MgADP-
-
product inhibition, mixed type inhibition versus MgATP2-, competitive inhibition versus 2-deoxyglucose
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
-
-
N-acetylglucosamine
-
mixed versus MgATP2-, competitive inhibition versus 2-deoxyglucose
NO3-
-
noncompetitive to glucose
phenylpyruvic acid
the enzyme decreases the activity of enzyme in the presence and absence of glucose-6-phosphate (G6P) and increases the release of the enzyme from mitochondria
phosphatidylinositol
-
effectiveness of various ligands in protection against inhibition, effect of pH and temperature
Regulatory protein
-
inhibition of enzymes from rat liver, pig liver, Buffo marinus, no inhibition: rat brain, bovine heart, yeast; inhibitor binds to a site distinct from the catalytic site, noncompetitive to MgATP2-, competitive to glucose, synergistic with N-acetylglucosamine, phosphate and sulfate decrease inhibition, monovalent anions antagonize inhibition with the following decreasing order of potency: I-, Br-, NO3-, Cl-, F-, acetate
-
1,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol 6-phosphate
-
HK I and HK I+, the D84A mutant of HK I has 2fold increased Ki, HK I: low millimolar concentrations of phosphate antagonize inhibition by competing for an anion binding site in the N-terminal half of HK I, HK I+: insert abolishes the antagonism of phosphate
1,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol 6-phosphate
-
intact enzyme and catalytically active 51 kDa C fragment of hexokinase
1,5-Anhydro-D-glucitol 6-phosphate
hexokinase I, antagonism by phosphate at low concentrations
D-glucose
-
hexokinase C: above 0.2 mM, inhibition partially relieved by ATP concentrations above 1 mM, inhibition is not pH-dependent
D-glucose
-
higher than 100 mM; inhibits hexokinase III
D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
-
D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
inhibition of HK I, antagonism of inhibition by low millimolar concentrations of phosphate results from competition of this ligands for an anion binding site in the N-terminal half of HK I, mechanism
D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
reversible product inhibition
D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
competitive versus ATP; hexokinase C: strong inhibition
D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
-
D-glucose 6-phosphate
product inhibition of hexokinase I, antagonism by phosphate at low concentrations results from competition for a common anion binding site located in the N-terminal half
D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
hexokinase activity is strongly inhibited by high, but physiological, concentrations of glucose 6-phosphate
D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
D-glucose 6-phosphate at physiological concentrations is a potent inhibitor of hexokinase isoforms I and II but not of hexokinase type IV
glucokinase regulatory protein
-
i.e. GKRP, recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli, inhibition in absence of fructose 6-phosphate or sorbitol 6-phosphate, competitive to D-glucose, fructose 1-phosphate and chloride are reversing the inhibition
-
glucokinase regulatory protein
-
competitive inhibitor of glucokinase, in the fasted state, glucokinase is in part sequestered in the nucleus in an inactive state, complexed to a specific regulatory protein, glucokinase regulatory protein
-
glucokinase regulatory protein
-
binding of fructose 6-phosphate to glucokinase regulatory protein favors the glucokinase regulatory protein-glucokinas interaction with a negative effect on enzyme activity, while binding of fructose-1-phosphate weakens the glucokinase regulatory protein-glucokinase interaction and releases active glucokinase, the reversible association of glucokinase with glucokinase regulatory protein does more than simply regulate the catalytic activity of glucokinase, it also appears to underlie the intracellular trafficking of glucokinase between cytoplasm and nucleus
-
glucokinase regulatory protein
-
inhibits competitively GCK activity with D-glucose, inhibition of glucokinase activity by glucokinase regulatory protein in vivo is enhanced by fructose 6-phosphate or sorbitol 6-phosphate
-
glucokinase regulatory protein
-
-
-
glucokinase regulatory protein
-
binds glucokinase in the nucleus and inhibits its activity
-
palmitoyl-CoA
-
inhibition of enzymes from rat liver, pig liver, Buffo marinus, no inhibition: rat brain, bovine heart, yeast; inhibitor binds to a site distinct from the catalytic site, noncompetitive to MgATP2-, competitive to glucose, synergistic with N-acetylglucosamine
palmitoyl-CoA
-
glucokinase is inhibited by endogenous long-chain fatty acyl-CoA in islets from omega3-depleted rats
phosphate
-
-
phosphate
-
at higher concentrations, binds to a lower affinity site in the C-terminal half, HK I and HK I+
phosphate
-
noncompetitive to glucose
phosphate
-
competitive versus ATP; intact enzyme: at high concentrations, catalytically active 51 kDa C fragment of hexokinase: also at low concentrations; noncompetitive to glucose
phosphate
competitive versus ATP; hexokinase I, at high concentrations
SO42-
-
noncompetitive to glucose
SO42-
-
catalytically active 51 kDa C fragment of hexokinase
additional information
-
enzymes from rat brain and bovine heart are not inhibited by palmitoyl-CoA or regulatory protein
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by 1 mM phosphatidylethanolamine or phosphatidylcholine
-
additional information
-
inhibition mechanism, overview
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
additional information
-
no product inhibition by D-glucose 6-phosphate
-
additional information
-
not inhibited by D-glucose-6-phosphate
-
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2-(methylamino)-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]benzamide
-
-
2-amino-4-chloro-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-(1H-imidazol-2-ylsulfanyl)-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-(2-fluorophenoxy)-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-(2-methoxyphenoxy)-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-(3-fluorophenoxy)-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-(4-fluorophenoxy)-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-(ethylsulfanyl)-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-chloro-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-chloro-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-ethoxy-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-[(1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-N-[4-(trifluoromethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]benzamide
-
-
2-amino-5-[2-[methyl(methylidene)oxido-l6-sulfanyl]phenoxy]-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(1,3-thiazol-2-yl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)-5-(phenylsulfanyl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)-5-(pyridin-2-ylsulfanyl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)-5-(pyridin-3-ylsulfanyl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)-5-(pyridin-4-ylsulfanyl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(3-methyl-1,2,4-thiadiazol-5-yl)-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-(4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-ylsulfanyl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-(phenylsulfanyl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-(pyridin-2-ylsulfanyl)benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(4-methylthiazol-2-yl)-5-phenoxybenzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-(5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]benzamide
-
-
2-amino-N-[4-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-yl]-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]benzamide
-
-
6-Phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase
-
-
-
ethyl 2-[([2-amino-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]phenyl]carbonyl)amino]-1,3-thiazole-4-carboxylate
-
-
glucokinase-associated phosphatase
-
-
-
glucokinase-associated protein
-
stimulates glucokinase activity by 30-40% when present at a 3-5fold molar excess and 2.5fold at a 50fold molar excess
-
N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-3-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]benzamide
-
-
N-(4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)-5-[(4-methyl-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)sulfanyl]-2-nitrobenzamide
-
-
polyubiquitin
-
causes modest activation
-
propionyl-CoA carboxylase beta-subunit
-
-
-
RO-28-1675
-
lowers the threshold concentration of D-glucose required for insulin release from 7 mM to 3 mM in pancreatic islets in vivo, reduced blood glucose level in vivo after feeding to type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats and supresses endogenous glucose production in ZDF-Gmi rats
additional information
-
the allosteric activator compound A, increases the level of cytoplasmic glucokinase in both isolated rat primary hepatocytes and the liver tissues from rats. Compound A interacts with glucose-bound free GK, thereby impairing the association of glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory protein
-
additional information
-
not affected by 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase
-
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Easterby, J.S.; Qadri, S.S.
Hexokinase type II from rat skeletal muscle
Methods Enzymol.
90
11-15
1982
Rattus norvegicus
-
brenda
Nakashima, R.A.; Paggi, M.G.; Scott, L.J.; Pedersen, P.L.
Purification and characterization of a bindable form of mitochondrial bound hexokinase from the highly glycolytic AS-30D rat hepatoma cell line
Cancer Res.
48
913-919
1988
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Hashimoto, M.; Wilson, J.E.
Kinetic and regulatory properties of HK I+, a modified form of the type I isozyme of mammalian hexokinase in which interactions between the N- and C-terminal halves have been disrupted
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
399
109-115
2002
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Serafini, G.; Magnani, M.; Stocchi, V.; Dacha, M.; Forniani, G.
Rat red blood cell hexokinase purification, properties and age-dependence
Mol. Cell. Biochem.
69
179-185
1986
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Vandercammen, A.; Van Schaftingen, E.
Competitive inhibition of liver glucokinase by its regulatory protein
Eur. J. Biochem.
200
545-551
1991
Bos taurus, Rhinella marina, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
brenda
Nemat-Gorgani, M.; Wilson, J.E.
Acidic phospholipids may inhibit rat brain hexokinase by interaction at the nucleotide binding site
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
236
220-227
1985
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Radojkovic, J.; Ureta, T.
Hexokinase isoenzymes from the Novikoff hepatoma. Purification, kinetic and structural characterization, with emphasis on hexokinase C
Biochem. J.
242
895-903
1987
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
White, T.K.; Wilson, J.E.
Isolation and characterization of the discrete N- and C-terminal halves of rat brain hexokinase: retention of full catalytic activity in the isolated C-terminal half
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
274
375-393
1989
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sui, D.; Wilson, J.E.
Purification of the type II and type III isozymes of rat hexokinase, expressed in yeast
Protein Expr. Purif.
24
83-89
2002
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Schuit, F.; Moens, K.; Heimberg, H.; Pipeleers, D.
Cellular origin of hexokinase in pancreatic islets
J. Biol. Chem.
274
32803-32809
1999
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Muzi, M.; Freeman, S.D.; Burrows, R.C.; Wiseman, R.W.; Link, J.M.; Krohn, K.A.; Graham, M.M.; Spence, A.M.
Kinetic characterization of hexokinase isoenzymes from glioma cells: Implications for FDG imaging of human brain tumors
Nucl. Med. Biol.
28
107-116
2001
Bos taurus, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sebastian, S.; Wilson, J.E.; Mulichak, A.; Garavito, R.M.
Allosteric regulation of type I hexokinase: A site-directed mutational study indicating location of the functional glucose 6-phosphate binding site in the N-terminal half of the enzyme
Arch. Biochem. Biophys.
362
203-210
1999
Rattus norvegicus (P05708)
brenda
Tu, J.; Tuch, B.E.
Glucose regulates the maximal velocities of glucokinase and glucose utilization in the immature fetal rat pancreatic islet
Diabetes
45
1068-1075
1996
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Takeuchi, H.; Inoue, Y.; Ishihara, H.; Oka, Y.
Overexpression of either liver type or pancreatic beta cell type glucokinase via recombinant adenovirus enhances glucose oxidation in isolated rat hepatocytes
FEBS Lett.
393
60-64
1996
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Roncero, I.; Alvarez, E.; Vazquez, P.; Blazquez, E.
Functional glucokinase isoforms are expressed in rat brain
J. Neurochem.
74
1848-1857
2000
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Monasterio, O.; Cardenas, M.L.
Kinetic studies of rat liver hexokinase D ('glucokinase') in non-co-operative conditions show an ordered mechanism with MgADP as the last product to be released
Biochem. J.
371
29-38
2003
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Brocklehurst, K.J.; Davies, R.A.; Agius, L.
Differences in regulatory properties between human and rat glucokinase regulatory protein
Biochem. J.
378
693-697
2004
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Grimsby, J.; Sarabu, R.; Corbett, W.L.; Haynes, N.E.; Bizzarro, F.T.; Coffey, J.W.; Guertin, K.R.; Hilliard, D.W.; Kester, R.F.; Mahaney, P.E.; Marcus, L.; Qi, L.; Spence, C.L.; Tengi, J.; Magnuson, M.A.; Chu, C.A.; Dvorozniak, M.T.; Matschinsky, F.M.; Grippo, J.F.
Allosteric activators of glucokinase: potential role in diabetes therapy
Science
301
370-373
2003
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Southworth, R.; Davey, K.A.; Warley, A.; Garlick, P.B.
A reevaluation of the roles of hexokinase I and II in the heart
Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.
292
H378-H386
2007
Rattus norvegicus (P05708), Rattus norvegicus (P27881)
brenda
Zelent, D.; Najafi, H.; Odili, S.; Buettger, C.; Weik-Collins, H.; Li, C.; Doliba, N.; Grimsby, J.; Matschinsky, F.M.
Glucokinase and glucose homeostasis: proven concepts and new ideas
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
33
306-310
2005
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Baltrusch, S.; Francini, F.; Lenzen, S.; Tiedge, M.
Interaction of glucokinase with the liver regulatory protein is conferred by leucine-asparagine motifs of the enzyme
Diabetes
54
2829-2837
2005
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Marin-Hernandez, A.; Rodriguez-Enriquez, S.; Vital-Gonzalez, P.A.; Flores-Rodriguez, F.L.; Macias-Silva, M.; Sosa-Garrocho, M.; Moreno-Sanchez, R.
Determining and understanding the control of glycolysis in fast-growth tumor cells. Flux control by an over-expressed but strongly product-inhibited hexokinase
FEBS J.
273
1975-1988
2006
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Futamura, M.; Hosaka, H.; Kadotani, A.; Shimazaki, H.; Sasaki, K.; Ohyama, S.; Nishimura, T.; Eiki, J.; Nagata, Y.
An allosteric activator of glucokinase impairs the interaction of glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory protein and regulates glucose metabolism
J. Biol. Chem.
281
37668-37674
2006
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sanz, C.; Roncero, I.; Vazquez, P.; Navas, M.A.; Blazquez, E.
Effects of glucose and insulin on glucokinase activity in rat hypothalamus
J. Endocrinol.
193
259-267
2007
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sorenson, R.L.; Stout, L.E.; Brelje, T.C.; Jetton, T.L.; Matschinsky, F.M.
Immunohistochemical evidence for the presence of glucokinase in the gonadotropes and thyrotropes of the anterior pituitary gland of rat and monkey
J. Histochem. Cytochem.
55
555-566
2007
Macaca fascicularis, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Romero-Navarro, G.; Lopez-Aceves, T.; Rojas-Ochoa, A.; Fernandez Mejia, C.
Effect of dichlorvos on hepatic and pancreatic glucokinase activity and gene expression, and on insulin mRNA levels
Life Sci.
78
1015-1020
2006
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Mukhtar, M.H.; Payne, V.A.; Arden, C.; Harbottle, A.; Khan, S.; Lange, A.J.; Agius, L.
Inhibition of glucokinase translocation by AMP-activated protein kinase is associated with phosphorylation of both GKRP and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase
Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.
294
R766-R774
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Zhang, Y.; Bulur, N.; Peltier, S.; Carpentier, Y.A.; Malaisse, W.J.; Sener, A.
Long-chain fatty acyl-coenzyme A-induced inhibition of glucokinase in pancreatic islets from rats depleted in long-chain polyunsaturated omega3 fatty acids
Cell Biochem. Funct.
26
233-237
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Bertram, L.S.; Black, D.; Briner, P.H.; Chatfield, R.; Cooke, A.; Fyfe, M.C.; Murray, P.J.; Naud, F.; Nawano, M.; Procter, M.J.; Rakipovski, G.; Rasamison, C.M.; Reynet, C.; Schofield, K.L.; Shah, V.K.; Spindler, F.; Taylor, A.; Turton, R.; Williams, G.M.; Wong-Kai-In, P.; Yasuda, K.
SAR, pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of glucokinase activating 2-(4-sulfonylphenyl)-N-thiazol-2-ylacetamides: discovery of PSN-GK1
J. Med. Chem.
51
4340-4345
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Wang, Z.; Gardiner, N.J.; Fernyhough, P.
Blockade of hexokinase activity and binding to mitochondria inhibits neurite outgrowth in cultured adult rat sensory neurons
Neurosci. Lett.
434
6-11
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Zhuravliova, E.; Barbakadze, T.; Zaalishvili, E.; Chipashvili, M.; Koshoridze, N.; Mikeladze, D.
Social isolation in rats inhibits oxidative metabolism, decreases the content of mitochondrial K-Ras and activates mitochondrial hexokinase
Behav. Brain Res.
205
377-383
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Agius, L.
Glucokinase and molecular aspects of liver glycogen metabolism
Biochem. J.
414
1-18
2008
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Nishimura, T.; Iino, T.; Mitsuya, M.; Bamba, M.; Watanabe, H.; Tsukahara, D.; Kamata, K.; Sasaki, K.; Ohyama, S.; Hosaka, H.; Futamura, M.; Nagata, Y.; Eiki, J.
Identification of novel and potent 2-amino benzamide derivatives as allosteric glucokinase activators
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
19
1357-1360
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Iynedjian, P.B.
Molecular physiology of mammalian glucokinase
Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
66
27-42
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Wei, P.; Shi, M.; Barnum, S.; Cho, H.; Carlson, T.; Fraser, J.D.
Effects of glucokinase activators GKA50 and LY2121260 on proliferation and apoptosis in pancreatic INS-1 beta cells
Diabetologia
52
2142-2150
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Cifuentes, D.; Martinez-Pons, C.; Garcia-Rocha, M.; Galina, A.; Ribas de Pouplana, L.; Guinovart, J.J.
Hepatic glycogen synthesis in the absence of glucokinase: the case of embryonic liver
J. Biol. Chem.
283
5642-5649
2008
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Polakof, S.; Miguez, J.M.; Soengas, J.L.
A hepatic protein modulates glucokinase activity in fish and avian liver: a comparative study
J. Comp. Physiol. B
179
643-652
2009
Carassius auratus, Cyprinus carpio, Gallus gallus, Oncorhynchus mykiss, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Genabai, N.K.; Vavaiya, K.V.; Briski, K.P.
Adaptation of glucokinase gene expression in the rat dorsal vagal complex in a model for recurrent intermediate insulin-induced hypoglycemia: impact of gender
J. Mol. Neurosci.
37
80-85
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Roncero, I.; Sanz, C.; Alvarez, E.; Vazquez, P.; Barrio, P.A.; Blazquez, E.
Glucokinase and glucokinase regulatory proteins are functionally coexpressed before birth in the rat brain
J. Neuroendocrinol.
21
973-981
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Vilches-Flores, A.; Tovar, A.R.; Marin-Hernandez, A.; Rojas-Ochoa, A.; Fernandez-Mejia, C.
Biotin increases glucokinase expression via soluble guanylate cyclase/protein kinase G, adenosine triphosphate production and autocrine action of insulin in pancreatic rat islets
J. Nutr. Biochem.
21
606-612
2009
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Hiskett, E.K.; Suwitheechon, O.U.; Lindbloom-Hawley, S.; Boyle, D.L.; Schermerhorn, T.
Lack of glucokinase regulatory protein expression may contribute to low glucokinase activity in feline liver
Vet. Res. Commun.
33
227-240
2009
Canis lupus familiaris, Felis catus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
John, S.; Weiss, J.N.; Ribalet, B.
Subcellular localization of hexokinases I and II directs the metabolic fate of glucose
PLoS ONE
6
e17674
2011
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Mergenthaler, P.; Kahl, A.; Kamitz, A.; van Laak, V.; Stohlmann, K.; Thomsen, S.; Klawitter, H.; Przesdzing, I.; Neeb, L.; Freyer, D.; Priller, J.; Collins, T.J.; Megow, D.; Dirnagl, U.; Andrews, D.W.; Meisel, A.
Mitochondrial hexokinase II (HKII) and phosphoprotein enriched in astrocytes (PEA15) form a molecular switch governing cellular fate depending on the metabolic state
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
109
1518-1523
2012
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Jin, L.; Guo, T.; Li, Z.; Lei, Z.; Li, H.; Mao, Y.; Wang, X.; Zhou, N.; Zhang, Y.; Hu, R.; Zhang, X.; Niu, G.; Irwin, D.M.; Tan, H.
Role of glucokinase in the subcellular localization of glucokinase regulatory protein
Int. J. Mol. Sci.
16
7377-7393
2015
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Hussain, S.; Richardson, E.; Ma, Y.; Holton, C.; De Backer, I.; Buckley, N.; Dhillo, W.; Bewick, G.; Zhang, S.; Carling, D.; Bloom, S.; Gardiner, J.
Glucokinase activity in the arcuate nucleus regulates glucose intake
J. Clin. Invest.
125
337-349
2015
Rattus norvegicus (P17712)
brenda
Roberts, D.J.; Tan-Sah, V.P.; Ding, E.Y.; Smith, J.M.; Miyamoto, S.
Hexokinase-II positively regulates glucose starvation-induced autophagy through TORC1 inhibition
Mol. Cell
53
521-533
2014
Rattus norvegicus (P27881)
brenda
Ziamajidi, N.; Jamshidi, S.; Ehsani-Zonouz, A.
In-silico and in-vitro investigation on the phenylalanine metabolites' interactions with hexokinase of Rat's brain mitochondria
J. Bioenerg. Biomembr.
49
139-147
2017
Rattus norvegicus (P05708)
brenda