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ATP + sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
ADP + phosphate + Co(II)-sirohydrochlorin + H+
ATP + sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
ADP + phosphate + Fe(II)-sirohydrochlorin + H+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
precorrin-2 + Co2+
Co-precorrin-2 + H+
precorrin-2 + Co2+
cobalt-precorrin-2 + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Ni2+
Ni-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: reaction of EC 4.99.1.11
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
ATP + sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

ADP + phosphate + Co(II)-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
ATP + sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
ADP + phosphate + Co(II)-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
ATP + sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+

ADP + phosphate + Fe(II)-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
ATP + sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
ADP + phosphate + Fe(II)-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+

sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
precorrin-2 + Co2+

Co-precorrin-2 + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
precorrin-2 + Co2+
Co-precorrin-2 + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
precorrin-2 + Co2+
Co-precorrin-2 + H+
-
Substrates: tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, formation of tetrapyrrole cofactors
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: cobalt binding mechanism, overview
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: cobalt binding mechanism, overview
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: cobalt binding mechanism, overview
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: cobalt binding mechanism, overview
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
-
Substrates: involved in the formation of a octahedrally co-ordinated cobalt ion. In the oxygen-dependent cobalamin, i.e. vitamin B12, biosynthetic pathway, cobalt is inserted into a ring-contracted tetrapyrrole called hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c-diamide, HBAD, by a cobaltochelatase that is constituted by three subunits, CobN, CobS and CobT
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: a step involved in the vitamin B12 biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: both CbiKP and DELTA28CbiKP insert cobalt and iron into sirohydrochlorin with specific activity with iron lower than that measured with cobalt
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: the enzyme inserts cobalt and iron into sirohydrochlorin with specific activity with iron lower than that measured with cobalt
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: a step involved in the vitamin B12 biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Methanobacter thermoautotrophicum
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Methanobacter thermoautotrophicum
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: biosynthesis of vitamin B12
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: biosynthesis of vitamin B12
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin and siroheme biosynthesis,cbiK is able to substitute for cysG
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin branched biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: biosynthesis of vitamin B12
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis, oxygen-independent pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis, oxygen-independent pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis, oxygen-independent route, CbiK is a biglobal enzyme containing 2 a/b domains, which generate an active site with a deep rectangular cleft at their interface
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+

iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: both CbiKP and DELTA28CbiKP insert cobalt and iron into sirohydrochlorin with specific activity with iron lower than that measured with cobalt
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: the enzyme inserts cobalt and iron into sirohydrochlorin with specific activity with iron lower than that measured with cobalt
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+

siroheme + 2 H+
Substrates: reaction of EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + 2 H+
Substrates: reaction of EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+

siroheme + H+
Methanobacter thermoautotrophicum
-
Substrates: CbiXS can act as a ferrochelatase in the biosynthesis of siroheme in vivo
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + H+
-
Substrates: CbiXS can act as a ferrochelatase in the biosynthesis of siroheme in vivo
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + H+
-
Substrates: CbiXS can act as a ferrochelatase in the biosynthesis of siroheme in vivo
Products: -
?
uroporphyrin I + Co2+

?
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
uroporphyrin I + Co2+
?
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
additional information

?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is also active as ferrochelatase inserting Fe2+ into sirohydrochlorin, cf. EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
-
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is also active as ferrochelatase inserting Fe2+ into sirohydrochlorin, cf. EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
-
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is also active as ferrochelatase inserting Fe2+ into sirohydrochlorin, cf. EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
-
additional information
?
-
Substrates: the enzyme is also active as ferrochelatase inserting Fe2+ into sirohydrochlorin, cf. EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
-
additional information
?
-
Substrates: no activity with protoporphyrin IX. Sirohydrochlorin and uroporphyrin I are suitably bound beside the Co2+ ion-binding site at the active site cavity, protoporphyrin IX is also docked to the active site but its orientation is different from those of the other two tetrapyrroles
Products: -
-
additional information
?
-
Substrates: no activity with protoporphyrin IX. Sirohydrochlorin and uroporphyrin I are suitably bound beside the Co2+ ion-binding site at the active site cavity, protoporphyrin IX is also docked to the active site but its orientation is different from those of the other two tetrapyrroles
Products: -
-
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: CbiK fused together with CbiL as a multifunctional protein
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Methanobacter thermoautotrophicum
-
Substrates: precorrin-2 is no substrate
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: enzyme CfbA also functions as a nickel-chelatase. The catalytic mechanism of Co2+ insertion by CfbA is likely similar to that of Ni2+ insertion. However, the rate of Co2+-insertion is much faster than that of Ni2+-insertion as observed via activity assays
Products: -
-
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: precorrin-2 is no substrate
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: precorrin-2 is no substrate
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
precorrin-2 + Co2+
Co-precorrin-2 + H+
-
Substrates: tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, formation of tetrapyrrole cofactors
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + 2 H+
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Ni2+
Ni-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: reaction of EC 4.99.1.11
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+

sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
Co-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
-
Substrates: involved in the formation of a octahedrally co-ordinated cobalt ion. In the oxygen-dependent cobalamin, i.e. vitamin B12, biosynthetic pathway, cobalt is inserted into a ring-contracted tetrapyrrole called hydrogenobyrinic acid a,c-diamide, HBAD, by a cobaltochelatase that is constituted by three subunits, CobN, CobS and CobT
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: a step involved in the vitamin B12 biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: a step involved in the vitamin B12 biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
Methanobacter thermoautotrophicum
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: biosynthesis of vitamin B12
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: biosynthesis of vitamin B12
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin and siroheme biosynthesis,cbiK is able to substitute for cysG
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin branched biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobalt-sirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: biosynthesis of vitamin B12
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+

cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis, oxygen-independent pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis, oxygen-independent pathway
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Co2+
cobaltsirohydrochlorin + H+
-
Substrates: cobalamin biosynthesis, oxygen-independent route, CbiK is a biglobal enzyme containing 2 a/b domains, which generate an active site with a deep rectangular cleft at their interface
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+

iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
iron-sirohydrochlorin + 2 H+
Substrates: -
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+

siroheme + 2 H+
Substrates: reaction of EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + 2 H+
Substrates: reaction of EC 4.99.1.4
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+

siroheme + H+
Methanobacter thermoautotrophicum
-
Substrates: CbiXS can act as a ferrochelatase in the biosynthesis of siroheme in vivo
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + H+
-
Substrates: CbiXS can act as a ferrochelatase in the biosynthesis of siroheme in vivo
Products: -
?
sirohydrochlorin + Fe2+
siroheme + H+
-
Substrates: CbiXS can act as a ferrochelatase in the biosynthesis of siroheme in vivo
Products: -
?
additional information

?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKP is periplasmic located and possibly associated with an iron transport system
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: CbiKC is likely to be the enzyme associated with cytoplasmic cobalamin biosynthesis
Products: -
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
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malfunction
-
a cbiX-deficient mutant is unable to respire anaerobically on nitrate
evolution

the enzyme SirB belongs to the class II chelatase family
evolution
class II chelatases are a family of enzymes catalyzing insertion of a divalent metal ion into modified tetrapyrroles to yield cobalamin, heme, siroheme, and coenzyme F430. Five different class II chelatases, CbiX, CbiK, SirB, HemH, and CbiXS, have been identified. Enzyme CfbA is an important ancestor of all the class II chelatase family of enzymes, including SirB and CbiK/CbiX, functioning not only as a nickel-chelatase, but also as a cobalt-chelatase in vitro. Thus, CfbA is a key enzyme in terms of diversity and evolution of the chelatases catalyzing formation of metal-SHC-type of cofactors. Phlogenetic analysis, CfbA contains a non-His-rich region, designated as type II CfbA, is closely related to CbiXS from Archaeoglobus fulgidus, compared to His-rich CfbA (designated as type I CfbA). A chimeric CfbA, containing a non-His-rich region derived from Methanosarcina barkeri CfbA in place of the His-rich region, is constructed. The X-ray crystal structure of the chimeric CfbA shows that the non-His-rich region has a structured form and is positioned as in the Archaeoglobus fulgidus CbiXS, which is also a non-His-rich ancestral chelatase. Therefore, the resulting structures of wild-type and chimeric CfbA demonstrate not only that the His-rich region is intrinsically flexible, but also that the non-His-rich CfbA is structurally similar to CbiXS from archaea with no coenzyme F430, rather than the His-rich CfbA
evolution
-
the enzyme SirB belongs to the class II chelatase family
-
physiological function

residues His154 and His216 are essential for metal-chelation of sirohydrochlorin. The tetrameric form of the protein is stabilized by residues Arg54 and Glu76, which form hydrogen bonds between two subunits. His96 is responsible for the binding of two heme groups within the main central cavity of the tetramer. CbiKP binds two additional heme groups through interaction with His103
physiological function
chelatases catalyzes the insertion of divalent metal into tetrapyrroles and plays a key role in the biosynthesis of metallated tetrapyrroles, such as cobalamin, siroheme, heme, and chlorophyll. SirB is a sirohydrochlorin (SHC) chelatase that generates cobalt-SHC or iron-SHC by inserting cobalt or iron into the center of sirohydrochlorin tetrapyrrole. Unique cobalt binding mechanism, overview. SirB accommodates an SHC molecule into an interdomain cavity
physiological function
Bacillus subtilis SirB catalyses the insertion of Co2+ the substrate sirohydrochlorin (SHC) in Co-sirohydrochlorin biosynthesis
physiological function
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Bacillus subtilis SirB catalyses the insertion of Co2+ the substrate sirohydrochlorin (SHC) in Co-sirohydrochlorin biosynthesis
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physiological function
-
chelatases catalyzes the insertion of divalent metal into tetrapyrroles and plays a key role in the biosynthesis of metallated tetrapyrroles, such as cobalamin, siroheme, heme, and chlorophyll. SirB is a sirohydrochlorin (SHC) chelatase that generates cobalt-SHC or iron-SHC by inserting cobalt or iron into the center of sirohydrochlorin tetrapyrrole. Unique cobalt binding mechanism, overview. SirB accommodates an SHC molecule into an interdomain cavity
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physiological function
-
residues His154 and His216 are essential for metal-chelation of sirohydrochlorin. The tetrameric form of the protein is stabilized by residues Arg54 and Glu76, which form hydrogen bonds between two subunits. His96 is responsible for the binding of two heme groups within the main central cavity of the tetramer. CbiKP binds two additional heme groups through interaction with His103
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physiological function
-
chelatases catalyzes the insertion of divalent metal into tetrapyrroles and plays a key role in the biosynthesis of metallated tetrapyrroles, such as cobalamin, siroheme, heme, and chlorophyll. SirB is a sirohydrochlorin (SHC) chelatase that generates cobalt-SHC or iron-SHC by inserting cobalt or iron into the center of sirohydrochlorin tetrapyrrole. Unique cobalt binding mechanism, overview. SirB accommodates an SHC molecule into an interdomain cavity
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physiological function
-
chelatases catalyzes the insertion of divalent metal into tetrapyrroles and plays a key role in the biosynthesis of metallated tetrapyrroles, such as cobalamin, siroheme, heme, and chlorophyll. SirB is a sirohydrochlorin (SHC) chelatase that generates cobalt-SHC or iron-SHC by inserting cobalt or iron into the center of sirohydrochlorin tetrapyrrole. Unique cobalt binding mechanism, overview. SirB accommodates an SHC molecule into an interdomain cavity
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additional information

the Co1 and Co2 ions are coordinated by residues from one bssSirB chain and its symmetry-related chain (bssSirB'). The Co1 cobalt ion is liganded by two histidine residues of bssSirB (H10 and H76) and one histidine residue of bssSirB' (H31') and is further coordinated by three water molecules, exhibiting an octahedral coordination. The Co2 cobalt ion is coordinated by the H79 and E83 residues of bssSirB and two histidine residues of bssSirB' (H115' and H229'). Cobalt ions appear to contribute to bssSirB crystallization by generating cobalt-mediated crystal contacts. Active site structure, cobalt binding site structure, and cobalt binding mechanism, detailed overview
additional information
the structure of SirB with Co2+ shows that the active site of SirB is located at the N-terminal domain with metal-binding amino acid residues His10, Glu43, and His76, which is also predicted for CbiX, but is distinct from the C-terminal active sites of CbiK and HemH. The key structural features for substrate recognition of SirB is the hydrophobic area at the active site as well as the substituents of the tetrapyrroles
additional information
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the structure of SirB with Co2+ shows that the active site of SirB is located at the N-terminal domain with metal-binding amino acid residues His10, Glu43, and His76, which is also predicted for CbiX, but is distinct from the C-terminal active sites of CbiK and HemH. The key structural features for substrate recognition of SirB is the hydrophobic area at the active site as well as the substituents of the tetrapyrroles
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additional information
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the Co1 and Co2 ions are coordinated by residues from one bssSirB chain and its symmetry-related chain (bssSirB'). The Co1 cobalt ion is liganded by two histidine residues of bssSirB (H10 and H76) and one histidine residue of bssSirB' (H31') and is further coordinated by three water molecules, exhibiting an octahedral coordination. The Co2 cobalt ion is coordinated by the H79 and E83 residues of bssSirB and two histidine residues of bssSirB' (H115' and H229'). Cobalt ions appear to contribute to bssSirB crystallization by generating cobalt-mediated crystal contacts. Active site structure, cobalt binding site structure, and cobalt binding mechanism, detailed overview
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additional information
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the Co1 and Co2 ions are coordinated by residues from one bssSirB chain and its symmetry-related chain (bssSirB'). The Co1 cobalt ion is liganded by two histidine residues of bssSirB (H10 and H76) and one histidine residue of bssSirB' (H31') and is further coordinated by three water molecules, exhibiting an octahedral coordination. The Co2 cobalt ion is coordinated by the H79 and E83 residues of bssSirB and two histidine residues of bssSirB' (H115' and H229'). Cobalt ions appear to contribute to bssSirB crystallization by generating cobalt-mediated crystal contacts. Active site structure, cobalt binding site structure, and cobalt binding mechanism, detailed overview
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additional information
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the Co1 and Co2 ions are coordinated by residues from one bssSirB chain and its symmetry-related chain (bssSirB'). The Co1 cobalt ion is liganded by two histidine residues of bssSirB (H10 and H76) and one histidine residue of bssSirB' (H31') and is further coordinated by three water molecules, exhibiting an octahedral coordination. The Co2 cobalt ion is coordinated by the H79 and E83 residues of bssSirB and two histidine residues of bssSirB' (H115' and H229'). Cobalt ions appear to contribute to bssSirB crystallization by generating cobalt-mediated crystal contacts. Active site structure, cobalt binding site structure, and cobalt binding mechanism, detailed overview
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E184L
mutation in metal binding site, about 3fold increase in activity
E184L/H216L
mutation in metal binding site, strong decrease in activity
H154L
mutation in metal binding site. Mutant has negligible activity
H154L/E184L
mutation in metal binding site, negligible activity
H154L/E184L/H216L
mutation in metal binding site. Mutant has negligible activity
H154L/H216L
mutation in metal binding site. Mutant has negligible activity
H216L
mutation in metal binding site. Mutant has negligible activity
E184L
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mutation in metal binding site, about 3fold increase in activity
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H154L
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mutation in metal binding site. Mutant has negligible activity
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H154L/E184L
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mutation in metal binding site, negligible activity
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H154L/H216L
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mutation in metal binding site. Mutant has negligible activity
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H216L
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mutation in metal binding site. Mutant has negligible activity
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C259S
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site-directed mutagenesis
C262S
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site-directed mutagenesis
M257L
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site-directed mutagenesis
C259S
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site-directed mutagenesis
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C262S
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site-directed mutagenesis
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M257L
-
site-directed mutagenesis
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H145A/H207A
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site-directed mutagenesis
H192A

double mutation in M51 mutant
H192A
double mutation in M518 mutant
H78A

wild type enzyme
H78A
double mutation in M51 mutant
additional information

to study the structural flexibility of the His-rich region, a chimeric CfbA, containing a non-His-rich region derived from Methanosarcina barkeri CfbA in place of the His-rich region, is constructed. The X-ray crystal structure of the chimeric CfbA shows that the non-His-rich region has a structured form and is positioned as in the Archaeoglobus fulgidus CbiXS, which is also a non-His-rich ancestral chelatase. Therefore, the resulting structures of wild-type and chimeric CfbA demonstrate not only that the His-rich region is intrinsically flexible, but also that the non-His-rich CfbA is structurally similar to CbiXS from archaea with no coenzyme F430, rather than the His-rich CfbA
additional information
CbiKp gene is able to complement an Escherichia coli cysG mutant
additional information
CbiKp gene is able to complement an Escherichia coli cysG mutant
additional information
CbiKc gene is able to complement an Escherichia coli cysG mutant
additional information
CbiKc gene is able to complement an Escherichia coli cysG mutant
additional information
construction of a truncated DVU0650 protein that starts at amino acid 29, resulting in mutant DELTA28DVU0650. A truncated protein that lacks the signal peptide is also produced, named DELTA28CbiKP
additional information
construction of a truncated DVU0650 protein that starts at amino acid 29, resulting in mutant DELTA28DVU0650. A truncated protein that lacks the signal peptide is also produced, named DELTA28CbiKP
additional information
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CbiKp gene is able to complement an Escherichia coli cysG mutant
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additional information
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construction of a truncated DVU0650 protein that starts at amino acid 29, resulting in mutant DELTA28DVU0650. A truncated protein that lacks the signal peptide is also produced, named DELTA28CbiKP
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additional information
-
CbiKc gene is able to complement an Escherichia coli cysG mutant
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Schubert, H.L.; Raux, E.; Wilson, K.S.; Warren, M.J.
Common chelatase design in the branched tetrapyrrole pathways of heme and anaerobic cobalamin synthesis
Biochemistry
38
10660-10669
1999
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
brenda
Brindley, A.A.; Raux E.; Leech, H.K.; Schubert, H.L.; Warren, M.J.
A story of chelatase evolution: Identification and characterisation of a small 13-15 kDa 'ancestral' cobaltochelatase (CbiXS) in the Archaea
J. Biol. Chem.
278
22388-22395
2003
Methanobacter thermoautotrophicum, Methanosarcina barkeri, Methanosarcina barkeri Fusaro / DSM 804
brenda
Schubert, H.L.; Raux, E.; Matthews, M.A.; Phillips, J.D.; Wilson, K.S.; Hill, C.P.; Warren, M.J.
Structural diversity in metal ion chelation and the structure of uroporphyrinogen III synthase
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
30
595-600
2002
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
brenda
Leech, H.K.; Raux-Deery, E.; Heathcote, P.; Warren, M.J.
Production of cobalamin and sirohaem in Bacillus megaterium: an investigation into the role of the branchpoint chelatases sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase (SirB) and sirohydrochlorin cobalt chelatase (CbiX)
Biochem. Soc. Trans.
30
610-613
2002
Priestia megaterium
brenda
Raux, E.; Schubert, H.L.; Warren, M.J.
Biosynthesis of cobalamin (vitamin B12): a bacterial conundrum
Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
57
1880-1893
2000
Cereibacter sphaeroides, Clostridioides difficile, Clostridium acetobutylicum, Priestia megaterium, Porphyromonas gingivalis, no activity in Bacillus subtilis, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, no activity in eukaryota
brenda
Raux, E.; Thermes, C.; Heathcote, P.; Rambach, A.; Warren, M.J.
A role for Salmonella typhimurium cbiK in cobalamin (vitamin B12) and siroheme biosynthesis
J. Bacteriol.
179
3202-3212
1997
Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium
brenda
Leech, H.K.; Raux, E.; McLean, K.J.; Munro, A.W.; Robinson, N.J.; Borrelly, G.P.; Malten, M.; Jahn, D.; Rigby, S.E.; Heathcote, P.; Warren, M.J.
Characterization of the cobaltochelatase CbiXL: evidence for a 4Fe-4S center housed within an MXCXXC motif
J. Biol. Chem.
278
41900-41907
2003
Synechocystis sp., Priestia megaterium, Priestia megaterium DSM 509
brenda
Yin, J.; Xu, L.X.; Cherney, M.M.; Raux-Deery, E.; Bindley, A.A.; Savchenko, A.; Walker, J.R.; Cuff, M.E.; Warren, M.J.; James, M.N.
Crystal structure of the vitamin B12 biosynthetic cobaltochelatase, CbiXS, from Archaeoglobus fulgidus
J. Struct. Funct. Genomics
7
37-50
2006
Archaeoglobus fulgidus (O29537)
brenda
Pisarchik, A.; Petri, R.; Schmidt-Dannert, C.
Probing the structural plasticity of an archaeal primordial cobaltochelatase CbiXS
Protein Eng. Des. Sel.
20
257-265
2007
Methanosarcina barkeri (P61816)
brenda
Lobo, S.A.; Brindley, A.A.; Romao, C.V.; Leech, H.K.; Warren, M.J.; Saraiva, L.M.
Two distinct roles for two functional cobaltochelatases (CbiK) in Desulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough
Biochemistry
47
5851-5857
2008
Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris (Q72EC8), Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris (Q72CB8), Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (Q72EC8), Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris Hildenborough (Q72CB8)
brenda
Lundqvist, J.; Elmlund, D.; Heldt, D.; Deery, E.; Soederberg, C.A.; Hansson, M.; Warren, M.; Al-Karadaghi, S.
The AAA(+) motor complex of subunits CobS and CobT of cobaltochelatase visualized by single particle electron microscopy
J. Struct. Biol.
167
227-234
2009
Brucella melitensis
brenda
Romao, C.V.; Ladakis, D.; Lobo, S.A.; Carrondo, M.A.; Brindley, A.A.; Deery, E.; Matias, P.M.; Pickersgill, R.W.; Saraiva, L.M.; Warren, M.J.
Evolution in a family of chelatases facilitated by the introduction of active site asymmetry and protein oligomerization
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
108
97-102
2011
Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris (Q72EC8), Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Salmonella enterica
brenda
Bali, S.; Rollauer, S.; Roversi, P.; Raux-Deery, E.; Lea, S.M.; Warren, M.J.; Ferguson, S.J.
Identification and characterization of the missing terminal enzyme for siroheme biosynthesis in alpha-proteobacteria
Mol. Microbiol.
92
153-163
2014
Paracoccus denitrificans, Paracoccus pantotrophus
brenda
Moore, S.J.; Mayer, M.J.; Biedendieck, R.; Deery, E.; Warren, M.J.
Towards a cell factory for vitamin B12 production in Bacillus megaterium: bypassing of the cobalamin riboswitch control elements
New Biotechnol.
31
553-561
2014
Priestia megaterium, Priestia megaterium DSM 319
brenda
Lobo, S.; Videira, M.; Pacheco, I.; Wass, M.; Warren, M.; Teixeira, M.; Matias, P.; Romao, C.; Saraiva, L.
Desulfovibrio vulgaris CbiKP cobaltochelatase evolution of a haem binding protein orchestrated by the incorporation of two histidine residues
Environ. Microbiol.
19
106-118
2017
Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris (Q72EC8), Nitratidesulfovibrio vulgaris DSM 644 (Q72EC8)
brenda
Fujishiro, T.; Ogawa, S.
The nickel-sirohydrochlorin formation mechanism of the ancestral class II chelatase CfbA in coenzyme F430 biosynthesis
Chem. Sci.
12
2172-2180
2021
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii (A0A832WLA4)
brenda
Fujishiro, T.; Shimada, Y.; Nakamura, R.; Ooi, M.
Structure of sirohydrochlorin ferrochelatase SirB the last of the structures of the class II chelatase family
Dalton Trans.
48
6083-6090
2019
Bacillus subtilis (O34632), Bacillus subtilis 168 (O34632)
brenda
Nam, M.; Song, W.; Park, S.; Yoon, S.
Cobalt complex structure of the sirohydrochlorin chelatase SirB from Bacillus subtilis subsp. spizizenii
Korean J. Microbiol.
55
123-130
2019
Bacillus spizizenii (E0TTN0), Bacillus spizizenii ATCC 23059 (E0TTN0), Bacillus spizizenii NRRL B-14472 (E0TTN0), Bacillus spizizenii W23 (E0TTN0)
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brenda