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Literature summary extracted from
- Purification and enzymatic characteristics of a novel polyphenol oxidase from lotus seed (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) (2015), Int. J. Food Sci. Technol., 50, 1026-1032 .
No PubMed abstract available
Application
| EC Number | Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | food industry | the enzymatic properties of PPO probably provide practical application in inhibiting the PPO activity and preventing enzymatic browning in the process of picking, transportation, processing and storage of fresh lotus seeds | Nelumbo nucifera |
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | ascorbic acid | complete inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera |  |
| 1.14.18.1 | Ba2+ | 16.45% inhhibition at 20 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Ca2+ | 29.60% inhhibition at 20 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Citric acid | 42.70% inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Co2+ | 82.73% inhhibition at 20 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | EDTA | 19.42% inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | guanidine hydrochloride | 2.9% inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Mg2+ | 15.13% inhhibition at 20 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Mn2+ | 38.16% inhhibition at 20 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | additional information | no inhibition by Li+. The Cu2+, the active centre of PPO, can be chelated by EDTA and ascorbic acid or replaced by other metal ions such as Ca2+, Zn2+ and Co2+, which cause the inactivation of PPO | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | SDS | 43.17% inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | sodium hydrogen sulfite | complete inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | sodium sulfite | complete inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | sodium thiosulfate | complete inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Thiourea | complete inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Urea | 1.44% inhhibition at 50 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
| 1.14.18.1 | Zn2+ | 76.36% inhhibition at 20 mM | Nelumbo nucifera | |
KM Value [mM]
| EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 0.604 | - |
catechol | pH 7.0, 20°C | Nelumbo nucifera | |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | Cu2+ | activates by 85%, required for activity, a copper enzyme | Nelumbo nucifera | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 2 catechol + O2 | Nelumbo nucifera | - |
2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | Nelumbo nucifera | A0A1U7Z3Y9 | - |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | native enzyme from seed by ammonium sulfate fractionation and affinity chromatography | Nelumbo nucifera |
Source Tissue
| EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | seed | - |
Nelumbo nucifera | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 2 catechol + O2 | - |
Nelumbo nucifera | 2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | ? | x * 38600, SDS-PAGE | Nelumbo nucifera |
Synonyms
| EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | polyphenol oxidase | - |
Nelumbo nucifera |
| 1.14.18.1 | PPO | - |
Nelumbo nucifera |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 20 | - |
- |
Nelumbo nucifera |
Temperature Range [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 5 | 60 | activity range, profile overview | Nelumbo nucifera |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| EC Number | Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 50 | - |
purified native enzyme, stable up to | Nelumbo nucifera |
| 1.14.18.1 | 80 | - |
purified native enzyme, inactivation | Nelumbo nucifera |
pH Optimum
| EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 7 | - |
- |
Nelumbo nucifera |
pH Range
| EC Number | pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 4.5 | 10 | activity range, profile overview | Nelumbo nucifera |
pH Stability
| EC Number | pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | 3 | - |
purified native enzyme, loss of 50% activity | Nelumbo nucifera |
| 1.14.18.1 | 4 | 7 | purified native enzyme, stable at | Nelumbo nucifera |
| 1.14.18.1 | 9 | - |
purified native enzyme, loss of 70% activity | Nelumbo nucifera |
General Information
| EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.14.18.1 | additional information | Cu2+ existing in the active centre of PPOs is likely to be dissociated in relatively extreme acid environment, and might form the precipitate of copper hydroxide in relatively extreme alkaline environment | Nelumbo nucifera |
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