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Literature summary for 4.3.1.25 extracted from

  • Jun, S.Y.; Sattler, S.A.; Cortez, G.S.; Vermerris, W.; Sattler, S.E.; Kang, C.
    Biochemical and structural analysis of substrate specificity of a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (2018), Plant Physiol., 176, 1452-1468 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 4.3.1.25

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
expression in Escherichia coli Sorghum bicolor

Crystallization (Commentary)

Crystallization (Comment) Organism
hanging-drop vapor-diffusion method Sorghum bicolor

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
F102Y the turnover rate for L-Tyr is improved 3.6fold, whereas the turnover rate for L-Phe is unaffected. Km values for both L-Tyr and L-Phe are increased by 7.6- and 24fold, respectively, which causes reduced enzyme efficiency for both substrates Sorghum bicolor
H123F the mutant shows 6.2fold elevation in catalytic efficiency (kcat/Km) for L-Phe, mainly due to a 5.7fold decrease in Km. The mutant enzyme loses activity for L-Tyr. The loss of polarity in the H123F mutant orients both L-Tyr and L-Phe in similar positions, where the ortho-carbon is closer to the methylidene carbon of 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one Sorghum bicolor
H123Y the catalytic efficiency of the mutant enzyme for L-Phe is reduced, mainly due to a 10fold decrease in the turnover rate. The H123Y mutant also loses activity against L-Tyr Sorghum bicolor
K443E the mutant enzyme shows no measurable activity against any of the three substrates, L-Phe, L-Tyr, and L-His Sorghum bicolor
Y96F the mutant enzyme displays only trace amounts of activity for both L-Tyr and L-Phe Sorghum bicolor

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.06
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.12
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.23
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.34
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.4
-
 L-Dopa pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.42
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
2.57
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
2.89
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
4.02
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
75600
-
 recombinant enzyme Sorghum bicolor

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-phenylalanine Sorghum bicolor enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
 ?
L-tyrosine Sorghum bicolor
-
 trans-p-hydroxycinnamate + NH3
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Sorghum bicolor C5XXT8
-
-
Sorghum bicolor C5YCD6
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
-
 Sorghum bicolor

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-DOPA
-
 Sorghum bicolor 3,4-dihydroxy-trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
 ?
L-DOPA
-
 Sorghum bicolor ?
-
 ?
L-phenylalanine
-
 Sorghum bicolor trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
 ?
L-phenylalanine enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway Sorghum bicolor trans-cinnamate + NH3
-
 ?
L-tyrosine
-
 Sorghum bicolor trans-p-hydroxycinnamate + NH3
-
 ?
additional information wild type enzyme and mutants show no catalytic activity with His Sorghum bicolor ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
Sb04g026510
-
 Sorghum bicolor
Sb06g022740
-
 Sorghum bicolor
SbPAL1
-
 Sorghum bicolor

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30
-
 assay at Sorghum bicolor

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.17
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.3
-
 L-Dopa pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.31
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.37
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C Sorghum bicolor
1.11
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
1.76
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
1.97
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
2.01
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
2.34
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C Sorghum bicolor

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
8
-
 assay at Sorghum bicolor

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
3,5-dihydro-5-methylidene-4H-imidazol-4-one prosthetic group Sorghum bicolor

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
metabolism enzyme of the phenylpropanoid pathway Sorghum bicolor

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.38
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.58
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.72
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.76
-
 L-Dopa pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.78
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
0.89
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor
2.52
-
 L-phenylalanine pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
5.18
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, wild-type enzyme Sorghum bicolor
32.29
-
 L-tyrosine pH 8.0, 30°C, mutant enzyme Sorghum bicolor