Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
recombinant expression of HA-tagged enzyme CerK in PC-12 cells, A-549cells, and HEK-293 T cells, quantitative real-time PCR analysis of CerK mRNA | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | knockdown of CerK is performed with shRNA to silence CerK (shCerK, target sequence GTT (TATCGAGTCAAGAAAT)). Establishment of a stable CerK-knockdown cell line (shCerK) and a HA-tagged CerK expressing cell line using a retroviral vector. Serum withdrawal causes ubiquitination of HA-tagged CerK protein and downregulates both HA-tagged CerK protein and ceramide 1-phosphate formation within 6 h, and these downregulations are abolished by co-treatments with NGF or proteasome inhibitors such as MG132 and clasto-lactacystin. Treatment with the proteasome inhibitors increases HA-tagged CerK in puncture structures, possibly endosomes and/or vesicles, in cells. Treatment with the lysosome inhibitors reduces serum withdrawal-induced downregulation of HA-tagged CerK protein but not ceramide 1-phosphate formation. When knockdown or overexpression of CerK is performed, Ca2+-induced release of [3H] noradrenaline is reduced or enhanced, respectively, but neurite extension is not modified. There is a positive correlation between noradrenaline release and formation of ceramide 1-phosphate and/or HA-tagged CerK levels in NGF- and clasto-lactacystin-treated cells | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
N-[2-(benzoylamino)-6-benzothiazolyl]-tricyclo[3.3.1.13,7] decane-1-carboxamide | NVP-231, a potent inhibitor of CerK | Homo sapiens |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
neurite | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
synaptic vesicle | - |
Homo sapiens | 8021 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Mg2+ | required | Homo sapiens |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP + ceramide | Homo sapiens | - |
ADP + ceramide 1-phosphate | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | Q8TCT0 | - |
- |
Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
phosphoprotein | activity of CerK is regulated by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation | Homo sapiens |
ubiquitination | levels of CerK are downregulated by the ubiquitin/proteasome and lysosome pathways and the former pathway-sensitive pool of CerK is suggested to be linked with exocytosis in PC12 cells | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
brain | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
additional information | in nerve growth factor (NGF)-treated cells, HA-tagged CerK is mainly localized in punctuate structures, possibly endosomes and/or vesicles, in the cytoplasm in both the bottom and nucleus phases, and HA-tagged CerK exists in the extended neurites observed in the bottom phase | Homo sapiens | - |
neuron | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP + ceramide | - |
Homo sapiens | ADP + ceramide 1-phosphate | - |
? | |
additional information | activity of CerK in cells is measured by the formation of NBD-C1P from a substrate NBD-ceramide | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
- |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
CERK | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7.4 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
ATP | - |
Homo sapiens |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | knockdown of CerK and overexpression of HA-tagged CerK down- and upregulated the formation of ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P), respectively. When knockdown or overexpression of CerK is performed, Ca2+-induced release of [3H] noradrenaline is reduced or enhanced, respectively, but neurite extension is not modified. A limited change in cellular sphingolipid levels by knockdown of CerK. The levels of ceramide, sphingomyelin, and monohexosylceramide, including their total levels and levels of their subspecies with irrespective of N-acyl chain lengths, and those of sphingosine, sphingomyelin 1-phosphate, and their dihydro-forms are not affected by the CerK knockdown in PC12 cells | Homo sapiens |
metabolism | involvement of the lysosome pathway in CerK levels and ceramide 1-phosphate formation | Homo sapiens |
physiological function | ceramide kinase (CerK) phosphorylates ceramide to ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P). The activity of CerK is regulated by post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, CerK has a role in neuronal functions | Homo sapiens |