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Information on EC 3.4.22.B1 - vignain
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.4.22.B1
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preliminary BRENDA-supplied EC number
EC Tree 3 Hydrolases
3.4 Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases)
3.4.22 Cysteine endopeptidases
3.4.22.B1 vignain
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
- 3.4.22.B1
- neuroblastoma
- mungo
-
sk-n-sh
- neuroblast
-
kdel-tailed
-
papain-type
-
mycn-amplified
-
neuroblast-like
-
ricinosomes
Reaction Schemes
showhydrolysis of proteins, such as azocasein. Preferential cleavage: Asn-/-Xaa in small molecule substrates such as Boc-Asn-/-OPHNO2
Synonyms
sh-ep, cyp15a, cysep, vmpe-1, cpph1, sulfhydryl-endopeptidase, vignain, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
Bean endopeptidase
-
-
-
-
C01.010
-
-
-
-
CPPh1
CysEp
cysteine protease
cysteine proteinase
SH-EP
-
-
-
-
sulfhydryl-endopeptidase
-
-
-
-
VmPE-1
-
-
-
-
cysteine proteinase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of proteins, such as azocasein. Preferential cleavage: Asn-/-Xaa in small molecule substrates such as Boc-Asn-/-OPHNO2
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of peptide bond
-
-
-
-
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
149371-19-7
-
229473-96-5
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
Boc-Asn 4-nitrophenyl ester + H2O
Boc-Asn + 4-nitrophenol
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CBZ-Phe-Arg-7-amido-4-methylcoumarin + H2O
?
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
phaseolin + H2O
?
-
Substrates: Cleavage of the phaseolin subunits into roughly half-sized fragments at the onset of proteolysis, only 8-10% decrease of protein
Products: -
Products: -
?
Bz-Asn-p-nitroanilide + H2O
p-nitroaniline + Bz-Asn
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
Bz-Asn-p-nitroanilide + H2O
p-nitroaniline + Bz-Asn
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
Bz-Phe-Val-Arg-p-nitroanilide + H2O
p-nitroaniline + Bz-Phe-Val-Arg
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
Bz-Phe-Val-Arg-p-nitroanilide + H2O
p-nitroaniline + Bz-Phe-Val-Arg
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: neutral amino acid residues with large aliphatic and non-polar or aromatic side-chains at the P2 position are good substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: neutral amino acid residues with large aliphatic and non-polar or aromatic side-chains at the P2 position are good substrates
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme acts to degrade the seed storage protein in protein storage vacuoles
Products: -
Products: -
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: the enzyme acts to degrade the seed storage protein in protein storage vacuoles
Products: -
Products: -
?
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Neoplasms
A Pilot Study on the Utility of Serum Metabolomics in Neuroblastoma Patients and Xenograft Models.
Neoplasms
Inhibition of clonogenic tumor growth: a novel function of Smac contributing to its antitumor activity.
Neoplasms
PHA665752, a small-molecule inhibitor of c-Met, inhibits hepatocyte growth factor-stimulated migration and proliferation of c-Met-positive neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
A restrictive element 1 (RE-1) in the VIP gene modulates transcription in neuronal and non-neuronal cells in collaboration with an upstream tissue specifier element.
Neuroblastoma
A retroviral expression system based on tetracycline-regulated tricistronic transactivator/repressor vectors for functional analyses of antiproliferative and toxic genes.
Neuroblastoma
ABCC Multidrug Transporters in Childhood Neuroblastoma: Clinical and Biological Effects Independent of Cytotoxic Drug Efflux.
Neuroblastoma
Alterations in gamma-actin and tubulin-targeted drug resistance in childhood leukemia.
Neuroblastoma
Altered expression of the MYCN oncogene modulates MRP gene expression and response to cytotoxic drugs in neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
AQP1 Is Up-Regulated by Hypoxia and Leads to Increased Cell Water Permeability, Motility, and Migration in Neuroblastoma.
Neuroblastoma
Betulinic acid as new activator of NF-kappaB: molecular mechanisms and implications for cancer therapy.
Neuroblastoma
Block Co-polymer Nanoparticles with Degradable Cross-Linked Core and Low-Molecular-Weight PEG Corona for Anti-tumour Drug Delivery.
Neuroblastoma
Cytotoxicity of lymphokine-activated killer cells against human neuroblastoma cells: modulation by neuroblast differentiation.
Neuroblastoma
Differences in centromere positioning of cycling and postmitotic human cell types.
Neuroblastoma
Differential regulation of insulin receptor substrate-1 degradation during mannitol and okadaic acid induced apoptosis in human neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Differentiation-related expression of adhesion molecules and receptors on human neuroblastoma tissues, cell lines and variants.
Neuroblastoma
Direct evidence for two distinct G proteins coupling with thrombin receptors in human neuroblastoma SH-EP cells.
Neuroblastoma
Expression of the B cell-associated tyrosine kinase gene Lyn in primary neuroblastoma tumours and its modulation during the differentiation of neuroblastoma cell lines.
Neuroblastoma
Functional vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) receptors in human neuroblastoma subclones that contain VIP precursor mRNA and release VIP-like substances.
Neuroblastoma
Increased epidermal growth factor receptor in multidrug-resistant human neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Inhibition of clonogenic tumor growth: a novel function of Smac contributing to its antitumor activity.
Neuroblastoma
Insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-2, not IRS-1, protects human neuroblastoma cells against apoptosis.
Neuroblastoma
Insulin-like growth factor I prevents mannitol-induced degradation of focal adhesion kinase and Akt.
Neuroblastoma
Insulin-like growth factor-II as a paracrine growth factor in human neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
LIM-kinase 2, a regulator of actin dynamics, is involved in mitotic spindle integrity and sensitivity to microtubule-destabilizing drugs.
Neuroblastoma
MYC phosphorylation at novel regulatory regions suppresses transforming activity.
Neuroblastoma
N-myc augments death and attenuates protective effects of Bcl-2 in trophically stressed neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma progression correlates with downregulation of the lymphangiogenesis inhibitor sVEGFR-2.
Neuroblastoma
Next-generation RNA sequencing reveals differential expression of MYCN target genes and suggests the mTOR pathway as a promising therapy target in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.
Neuroblastoma
Persistent inhibition of FLIP(L) expression by lentiviral small hairpin RNA delivery restores death-receptor-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Sirtuin 5 is Anti-apoptotic and Anti-oxidative in Cultured SH-EP Neuroblastoma Cells.
Neuroblastoma
Surface marker profiling of SH-SY5Y cells enables small molecule screens identifying BMP4 as a modulator of neuroblastoma differentiation.
Neuroblastoma
Targeting Id protein interactions by an engineered HLH domain induces human neuroblastoma cell differentiation.
Neuroblastoma
Thrombin is the major serum factor stimulating phosphoinositide turnover, but not DNA synthesis in human neuroblastoma SH-EP cells.
Neuroblastoma
Thrombin stimulates pertussis toxin-sensitive and -insensitive GTPase activities and ADP-ribosylation of G(i) in human neuroblastoma SH-EP.
Neuroblastoma
Tissue-specific expression of the vasoactive intestinal peptide gene requires both an upstream tissue specifier element and the 5' proximal cyclic AMP-responsive element.
Neuroblastoma
TRAIL enhances thymidine kinase/ganciclovir gene therapy of neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Transcription factor activating protein 2 beta (TFAP2B) mediates noradrenergic neuronal differentiation in neuroblastoma.
Neuroblastoma
Transcription factor AP2alpha (TFAP2a) regulates differentiation and proliferation of neuroblastoma cells.
Neuroblastoma
Two separate cis-active elements of the vasoactive intestinal peptide gene mediate constitutive and inducible transcription by binding different sets of AP-1 proteins.
Neuroblastoma
Upstream ORF affects MYCN translation depending on exon 1b alternative splicing.
Whooping Cough
The epithelial phenotype of human neuroblastoma cells express bradykinin, endothelin, and angiotensin II receptors that stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis.
Whooping Cough
Thrombin stimulates pertussis toxin-sensitive and -insensitive GTPase activities and ADP-ribosylation of G(i) in human neuroblastoma SH-EP.
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
senescent leaves (NtCP1, which has a high similarity with other senescence-associated cysteine proteinases) and mature leaves (NtCP2, which has a high similarity to KDEL-tailed cysteine proteinase)
brenda
-
present in the seed coat during the final stages of sclerification but absent from the caruncle
brenda
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
upon collapse of the nucellar cells, the content of the ricinosomes is released into the cytoplasm
brenda
additional information
additional information
-
vacuolar bodies of nodules, protein storage vacuoles of seeds
-
brenda
additional information
-
in ricinosomes, deriving from the endoplasmic reticulum, both pro CysEp and mature CysEp are present in protein extracts of the nucellar tissues during seed development
-
brenda
additional information
-
the enzyme is synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes as an inactive 45000 Da precursor
-
brenda
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). CYSEP_RICCO
360
0
40111
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1)
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
24930
LC-MS experiments, purified enzyme including the inhibitor H-D-Val-Leu-Lys-chloromethylketone
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POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
proteolytic modification
proteolytic modification
-
the enzyme has a C-terminal propeptide of 1000 Da that contains an endoplasmic reticulum retention signal, KDEL. The KDEL-tail functions to store SH-EP as a transient zymogen in the lumen of the ER, and the C-terminal propeptide is thought to be removed within the ER or immediately after exit from the ER
proteolytic modification
-
the enzyme is synthesized on membrane-bound ribosomes as an inactive 45000 Da precursor, which is cotranslationally processed to a 43000 Da intermediate through cleavage of the signal sequence. The 43000 Da intermediate of SH-EP is further processed to the 33000 Da mature enzyme via 39000 Da and 36000 Da intermediates
proteolytic modification
-
the N-terminal post-translational processing of SH-EP is mediated by at least two processing enzymes, designated VmPE-1 and VmPE-2
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CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
at 2.0 A resolution and refined to a R-factor of 18.1%, vapor difussion method
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
anion exchange chromatography, ultrafiltration
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
-
a role of Cyp15a cysteine protease in germination and stress adaption and also in nodule organogenesis and function
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Boeckmann, B.; Bairoch, A.; Apweiler, R.; Blatter, M.C.; Estreicher, A.; Gasteiger, E.; Martin M.J.; Michoud, K.; O'Donovan, C.; Phan, I.; Pilbout, S.; Schneider, M.
The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase and its supplement TrEMBL
Nucleic Acids Res.
31
365-370
2003
Vigna mungo (P12412)
brenda
Akasofu H.; Yamauchi D.; Mitsuhashi W.; Minamikawa T.
Nucleotide sequence of cDNA for sulfhydryl-endopeptidase (SH-EP) from cotyledons of germinating Vigna mungo seeds
Nucleic Acids Res.
17
6733-6733
1989
Vigna mungo (P12412), Vigna mungo
brenda
Akasofu H.; Yamauchi D.; Minamikawa T.
Nucleotide sequence of the gene for the Vigna mungo sulfhydryl-endopeptidase (SH-EP)
Nucleic Acids Res.
18
1892-1892
1990
Vigna mungo (P12412), Vigna mungo
brenda
Okamoto, T.; Minamikawa, T.
Purification of a processing enzyme (VmPE-1) that is involved in post-translational processing of a plant cysteine endopeptidase (SH-EP)
Eur. J. Biochem.
231
300-305
1995
Vigna mungo
brenda
Mitsuhashi, W.; Minamikawa, T.
Synthesis and posttranslational activation of sulfhydryl-endopeptidase in cotyledons of germinating Vigna mungo seeds
Plant Physiol.
89
274-279
1989
Vigna mungo
brenda
Okamoto, T.; Toyooka, K.; Minamikawa, T.
Identification of a membrane-associated cysteine protease with possible dual roles in the endoplasmic reticulum and protein storage vacuole
J. Biol. Chem.
276
742-751
2001
Vigna mungo
brenda
Zakharov, A.; Carchilan, M.; Stepurina, T.; Rotari, V.; Wilson, K.; Vaintraub I.
A comparative study of the role of the major proteinases of germinated common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) seeds in the degradation of their storage proteins
J. Exp. Bot.
55
2241-2249
2004
Glycine max, Phaseolus vulgaris
brenda
Beyene, G.; Foyer, C.H.; Kunert, K.J.
Two new cysteine proteinases with specific expression patterns in mature and senescent tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaves
J. Exp. Bot.
57
1431-1443
2006
Nicotiana tabacum
brenda
Than, M.E.; Helm, M.; Simpson, D.J.; Lottspeich, F.; Huber, R.; Gietl, C.
The 2.0 A crystal structure and substrate specificity of the KDEL-tailed cysteine endopeptidase functioning in programmed cell death of Ricinus communis endosperm
J. Mol. Biol.
336
1103-1116
2004
Ricinus communis (O65039), Ricinus communis
brenda
Sheokand, S.; Dahiya, P.; Vincent, J.L.; Brewin, N.J.
Modified expression of cysteine protease affects seed germination, vegetative growth and nodule development in transgenic lines of Medicago truncatula
Plant Sci.
169
966-975
2005
Medicago truncatula
-
brenda
Greenwood, J.S.; Helm, M.; Gietl, C.
Ricinosomes and endosperm transfer cell structure in programmed cell death of the nucellus during Ricinus seed development
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
102
2238-2243
2005
Ricinus communis
brenda
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