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Information on EC 2.7.8.5 - CDP-diacylglycerol-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-phosphatidyltransferase
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC2.7.8.5
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EC Tree 2 Transferases
2.7 Transferring phosphorus-containing groups
2.7.8 Transferases for other substituted phosphate groups
2.7.8.5 CDP-diacylglycerol-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-phosphatidyltransferase
IUBMB Comments
The enzyme catalyses the committed step in the biosynthesis of acidic phospholipids known by the common names phophatidylglycerols and cardiolipins.
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota
- 2.7.8.5
- phospholipid
- cardiolipin
- phosphatidylserine
-
dowhan
-
1,3-3hglycerol
-
inositol-mediated
-
cdp-alcohol
-
cross-pathway
-
tafazzin
- medicine
Reaction Schemes
showSynonyms
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, pgp synthase, phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase, phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthetase, pgs1p, cgpgs1, phosphatidylglycerol phosphate synthase, phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase 1, scpgs1, pgps1, more
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
3-phosphatidyl 1'-glycerol-3'-phosphate synthase
-
-
-
-
CDP-diacylglycerol-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
CDP-diacylglycerol:glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
CDP-diacylglycerol:sn-glycero-3-phosphate phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
cytidine 5'-diphospho-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol(CDP-diglyceride):sn-glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
cytidine 5'-diphospho-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatidyltransferase (CDP-diglyceride)
-
-
-
-
glycerol 3-phosphate phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
glycerol phosphate phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
glycerophosphate phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
PGP synthase
PGPS
PGS
-
-
-
-
PGS1
Pgs1p
pgsA
phosphatidylglycerol phosphate synthase
-
-
-
-
phosphatidylglycerol phosphate synthetase
-
-
-
-
phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthetase
-
-
-
-
phosphatidyltransferase, glycerol phosphate
-
-
-
-
sn-glycerol-3-phosphate phosphatidyltransferase
-
-
-
-
PGP synthase
-
-
-
-
PGPS
-
-
-
-
phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase
-
-
-
-
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = CMP + 1-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = CMP + 1-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
ordered sequential bi-bi reaction
-
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate = CMP + 1-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
substituted phospho group transfer
substituted phospho group transfer
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
MetaCyc
cardiolipin biosynthesis I, cardiolipin biosynthesis II, cardiolipin biosynthesis III, phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis I, phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis II, type I lipoteichoic acid biosynthesis (S. aureus)
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
CDP-diacylglycerol:sn-glycerol-3-phosphate 1-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)transferase
The enzyme catalyses the committed step in the biosynthesis of acidic phospholipids known by the common names phophatidylglycerols and cardiolipins.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9068-49-9
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in synthesis of cardiolipid. In response to inositol, decrease in Pgs1p enzyme activity is associated with increased phosphorylation of Pgs1p. Phosphorylation of a phospholipid biosynthetic enzyme in response to inositol, new mechanism of inositol-mediated regulation
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
CMP + 1-(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
r
dCDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
dCMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
DL-2-hexadecoxy-3-octadecoxypropylphosphonyl-O-(cytidine 5'-phosphate) + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
? + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
DL-3,4-dioctadecoxybutylphosphonyl-O-(cytidine 5'-phosphate) + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
? + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: involved in synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: regulation of enzyme
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: first enzyme of cardiolipin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: essential for normal cardiolipin content of cells
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: first enzyme of cardiolipin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
phosphatidylglycerophosphate + CMP
Substrates: cardiolipin (phospholipid) biosynthesis, regulation by short chain cell-permeable ceramide (C2-Cer: N-acetylsphingosine) signalling and levels of active GTP-bound RhoA
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
phosphatidylglycerophosphate + CMP
Substrates: in vitro assay on mitochondrial fractions of cells grown in presence or absence of 30-50 microM N-acetylsphingosine
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
phosphatidylglycerophosphate + CMP
Substrates: 20 min, 30°C, Mes-HCl pH 7, 1 mM Triton X-100, 0.3 mM MnCl2
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
Substrates: CDP-dipalmitoylglycerol is a better substrate than CDP-dioleolylglycerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: 1-(3-glycerophosphoryl)-glycerol 3-phosphate
Products: 1-(3-glycerophosphoryl)-glycerol 3-phosphate
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphate
Products: 3-sn-phosphatidyl-1'-sn-glycerol 3'-phosphate
r
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: phosphatidylglycerophosphate is the predominant product at pH 9.5, phosphatidylglycerol is the predominant product at pH 7.0
Products: phosphatidylglycerophosphate is the predominant product at pH 9.5, phosphatidylglycerol is the predominant product at pH 7.0
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycero-3-phosphate
CMP + phosphatidylglycerophosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: no substrate: inositol, serine, choline, phosphatidylglycerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: no substrate: inositol, serine, choline, phosphatidylglycerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: enzyme of synthetic pathway of phosphatidylglycerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: no substrate: L-serine, myoinositol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: cytidine 5'-monophosphate dependent exchange between glycerol 3-phosphate and phosphatidylglycerophosphate
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: essential enzyme in biosynthesis of cardiolipin. The KlPGS1 gene is essential for Kluyveromyces lactis
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: essential enzyme in biosynthesis of cardiolipin. The KlPGS1 gene is essential for Kluyveromyces lactis
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: cytosine-beta-D-arabinofuranoside-5'-monophosphate dependent incorporation of glycerol 3-phosphate at pH 8.5 but not at pH 6.8
Products: -
Products: -
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
COMMENTARY
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: the enzyme catalyzes the first committed step in synthesis of cardiolipid. In response to inositol, decrease in Pgs1p enzyme activity is associated with increased phosphorylation of Pgs1p. Phosphorylation of a phospholipid biosynthetic enzyme in response to inositol, new mechanism of inositol-mediated regulation
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
phosphatidylglycerophosphate + CMP
Substrates: cardiolipin (phospholipid) biosynthesis, regulation by short chain cell-permeable ceramide (C2-Cer: N-acetylsphingosine) signalling and levels of active GTP-bound RhoA
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: involved in synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: regulation of enzyme
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: first enzyme of cardiolipin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: essential for normal cardiolipin content of cells
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol + glycerol 3-phosphate
?
-
Substrates: first enzyme of cardiolipin biosynthetic pathway
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
CDP-diacylglycerol + sn-glycerol 3-phosphate
CMP + 3(3-sn-phosphatidyl)-sn-glycerol 1-phosphate
-
Substrates: -
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: enzyme of synthetic pathway of phosphatidylglycerol
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
Substrates: essential enzyme in biosynthesis of cardiolipin. The KlPGS1 gene is essential for Kluyveromyces lactis
Products: -
Products: -
?
additional information
?
-
-
Substrates: essential enzyme in biosynthesis of cardiolipin. The KlPGS1 gene is essential for Kluyveromyces lactis
Products: -
Products: -
?
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Ba2+
-
cation requirement is relatively nonspecific, Mg2+, Ba2+ or Ca2+ provides maximal activation in the 10 mM range, Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulates at lower concentration, inhibition at higher concentration
Ca2+
Co2+
Mg2+
Mn2+
Ca2+
-
cation requirement is relatively nonspecific, Mg2+, Ba2+ or Ca2+ provide maximal activation in the 10 mM range, Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulates at lower concentration, inhibition at higher concentration
Co2+
-
at pH 9.5 maximal activity depends on 0.5 mM Mn2+, 10 mM Mg2+ or 20 mM Co2+
Co2+
-
maximal activity depends on 0.1 mM Mn2+, 0.3 mM Mg2+ or 1 mM Co2+
Co2+
-
cation requirement is relatively nonspecific, Mg2+, Ba2+ or Ca2+ provides maximal activation in the 10 mM range, Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulates at lower concentration, inhibition at higher concentration
Mg2+
-
absolute requirement for a divalent metal, Mg2+ required, Km: 50 mM, inhibition above 150 mM
Mg2+
-
at pH 9.5 maximal activity is dependent on 0.5 mM Mn2+, 10 mM Mg2+ or 20 mM Co2+
Mg2+
-
maximal activity is dependent on 0.1 mM Mn2+, 0.3 mM Mg2+ or 1 mM Co2+
Mg2+
-
cation requirement is relatively nonspecific, Mg2+, Ba2+ or Ca2+ provide maximal activation in the 10 mM range, Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulates at lower concentration, inhibition at higher concentration
Mn2+
-
at pH 9.5 maximal activity depends on 0.5 mM Mn2+, 10 mM Mg2+ or 20 mM Co2+
Mn2+
-
required for CMP-dependent incorporation of glycerol 3-phosphate
Mn2+
-
maximal activity depends on 0.1 mM Mn2+, 0.3 mM Mg2+ or 1 mM Co2+
Mn2+
-
cation requirement is relatively nonspecific, Mg2+, Ba2+ or Ca2+ provides maximal activation in the 10 mM range, Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulates at lower concentration, inhibition at higher concentration
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Inositol
-
inhibits CMP-dependent incorporation of glycerol 3-phosphate by microsomes
Liponucleotide
-
forms a dead-end complex at high concentrations inhibiting both, the forward and the reverse reaction
-
Co2+
-
Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulates at lower concentration, inhibition at higher concentration
Mg2+
-
Mn2+ or Co2+ stimulates at lower concentration, inhibition at higher concentration
Triton X-100
-
0.2% inhibits, lower concentrations are required for CMP-dependent incorporation of glycerol 3-phosphate
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
phosphatidylethanolamine
-
stimulates, no stimulation by other diacylglycerophosphatides or lysophosphatides
phosphatidylinositol
-
required for CMP-dependent incorporation of glycerol 3-phosphate
thyroxine
-
treated of animals for 5 consecutive days with thyroxine at 250 mg per kg of body weight results in enzyme stimulation up to 3.5fold
Triton X-100
-
maximal activity at a molar ratio of Triton X-100 to CDP-diacylglycerol of 50:1
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Cholera
Cross-protective immunity of the haemagglutinin stalk domain presented on the surface of Lactococcus lactis against divergent influenza viruses in mice.
Neoplasms
N-Acetylsphingosine stimulates phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase activity in H9c2 cardiac cells.
Starvation
Regulation of CDP-diacylglycerol synthesis and utilization by inositol and choline in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.08
DL-2-Hexadecoxy-3-octadecoxypropylphosphonyl-O-(cytidine 5'-phosphate)
-
37°C
additional information
additional information
-
anomalous kinetics for CDP-diacylglycerol
-
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.000197
CHO-K1 cell line E91, N-acetylsphingosine-treated, no change in activity compared to untreated cells, mitochondrial fraction
0.000299
or 76% increased activity in parental CHO-K1 cell line, N-acetylsphingosine-treated, mitochondrial fraction
0.00127
30% decrease in activity in cells grown in presence of myo-inositol (1 h, 75 microM), mitochondrial extracts
additional information
additional information
64% increased activity in TNFalpha-treated (1 h, 30 nM) parental CHO-K1 cell line, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
-
64% increased activity in TNFalpha-treated (1 h, 30 nM) parental CHO-K1 cell line, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
no change in activity in TNFalpha-treated (1 h, 30 nM) CHO-K1 cell line E91, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
-
no change in activity in TNFalpha-treated (1 h, 30 nM) CHO-K1 cell line E91, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
135% increased activity in parental CHO-K1 cell line, stably expressing dominant-negative RhoA(S19N), N-acetylsphingosine-treated, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
-
135% increased activity in parental CHO-K1 cell line, stably expressing dominant-negative RhoA(S19N), N-acetylsphingosine-treated, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
29% increased activity in CHO-K1 cell line E91, stably expressing dominant-negative RhoA(S19N), N-acetylsphingosine-treated, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
-
29% increased activity in CHO-K1 cell line E91, stably expressing dominant-negative RhoA(S19N), N-acetylsphingosine-treated, mitochondrial fraction
additional information
slighty decreased constitutive activity in CHO-K1 cell line E91, stably expressing dominant-negative RhoA(S19N), mitochondrial fraction
additional information
-
slighty decreased constitutive activity in CHO-K1 cell line E91, stably expressing dominant-negative RhoA(S19N), mitochondrial fraction
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30
37
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
chinese hamster ovary parental cell line (2.5fold induction of PGP synthase mRNA in response to N-acetylsphingosine-treatment, qRT-PCR) and etoposide-/N-acetylsphingosine-resistant cell line E91 (defect in ceramide signalling and RhoGAP activity, non-significant 1.2fold induction of PGP synthase mRNA in response to N-acetylsphingosine-treatment, qRT-PCR)
brenda
similar mRNA levels in cells progressing from exponential to stationary phase when grown on glucose, glycerol and/or ethanol as C source and in presence or absence of phospholipid precursors myo-inositol and/or choline
brenda
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LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
CLS1 sequence contains a putative N-terminal mitochondrial targeting sequence
brenda
Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
Cell Line LinksPlease wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
malfunction
metabolism
physiological function
malfunction
-
gene knockdown results in loss of phosphatidylglycerol and a reduction of another mitochondria-specific phospholipid, cardiolipin. Reduced enzyme expression in Trypanosoma brucei procyclic forms leads to alterations in mitochondrial morphology, reduction in the amounts of respiratory complexes III and IV and, ultimately, parasite death
malfunction
the Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 pgsA mutant isdefective in PGPS activity
malfunction
overexpression of phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase 1, PGS1, increases the cellular contents of phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, and phosphatidylcholine, and reduces that of phosphatidic acid. PGS1 overexpression also elevates the mitochondrial contents of cardiolipin and phosphatidylcholine, but has no effect on the number of mitochondria per cell
malfunction
an isolated pgp1/pgp2 double mutant pgp1-2 of Arabidopsis thaliana shows delayed embryo development, the majority of seeds from the mutant do not germinate, mutant thylakoid membranes do not develop in plastids, mitochondrial membrane structures are abnormal in the mutant embryos, and radiolabeling of phospholipids shows that radioactivity is not significantly incorporated into phosphatidylglycerol. Structures of chloroplasts and mitochondria in embryonic cells of pgp1-2 and pgp1-2pgp2, and phenotypes, detailed overview
malfunction
-
the Synechocystis sp.PCC 6803 pgsA mutant isdefective in PGPS activity
-
malfunction
-
gene knockdown results in loss of phosphatidylglycerol and a reduction of another mitochondria-specific phospholipid, cardiolipin. Reduced enzyme expression in Trypanosoma brucei procyclic forms leads to alterations in mitochondrial morphology, reduction in the amounts of respiratory complexes III and IV and, ultimately, parasite death
-
metabolism
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, PGPS, is the rate-limiting enzyme in phosphatidylglycerophosphate biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
metabolism
in mammalian cells, phosphatidylglycerol is produced from CDP-diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) through two steps catalyzed by phosphatidylglycerophosphate (PGP) synthase and PGP phosphatase. CDP-DAG is formed from phosphatidic acid (PA) by the enzymes CDP-DAG synthase 1 and 2, which are integral membrane proteins located to mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. CDP-DAG is converted to PGP by the action of the mitochondrial enzyme PGP synthase 1 (PGS1) through the exchange of glycerol-3-phosphate (G3P) with CMP moiety of CDP-DAG. Phosphatidylglycerophosphate is rapidly dephosphorylated to generate phosphatidylglycerol
metabolism
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase catalyzes a committed step in the biosynthesis of phosphatidylglycerol
metabolism
-
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, PGPS, is the rate-limiting enzyme in phosphatidylglycerophosphate biosynthesis in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
-
physiological function
-
mitochondrial PGPS catalyzes the first step of cardiolipin synthesis
physiological function
-
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase catalyzes the commited step for the synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol
physiological function
-
mitochondrial PGPS catalyzes the first step of cardiolipin synthesis
physiological function
-
the enzyme is essential for growth of Trypanosoma brucei. The enzyme is a component of a 720 kDa protein complex, co-migrating with Trypanosoma brucei cardiolipin synthase and cytochrome c1, a protein of respiratory complex III
physiological function
distinct and overlapping function of PGPS in cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae. Heterologous complementation of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 gene pgsA mutant individually by CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 rescues the phosphatidylglycerophosphate-dependent growth phenotype, but the phosphatidylglycerophosphate level and its fatty acid composition are not fully rescued in the complemented strains. As well, oxygen evolution activity is not fully recovered, although electron transport activity of photosystem II is restored to the wild-type level, differential response of CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 expression to phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency. LipidCompositionof pgsA/CrPGP1 and pgsA/CrPGP2, the rescued mutant content is reduced compared to the wild-type, overview
physiological function
phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis by the enzyme is essential for the development of embryos and normal membrane structures of chloroplasts and mitochondria in Arabidopsis thaliana
physiological function
CLS1 is not able to complement the growth phenotype of a phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase mutant of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803, it rescues the temperature-sensitive growth phenotype, growth profile with different carbon sources, phospholipid composition and enzyme activity ofx02crd1, a CLS mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
physiological function
in a PgsA deletion mutant, phosphatidylglycerol levels remain at about 0.1% of wild-type. When the growth medium is supplemented with glycerol, the expression of ClsB, a phospholipase D-type cardiolipin synthase, significantly increases phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin levels, with the growth deficiency of PgsA null strain also being complemented under such conditions
physiological function
the genes encoding cell shape determination protein Rodz and PgsA are co-transcribed and both a RodZ mutant and a conditional PgsA mutant, under conditions of minimal PgsA expression, are sensitive to sorbic and acetic acid. Both strains display a severely altered membrane composition. Compared to the wild-type strain, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin levels are lowered and the average acyl chain length is elongated. Induction of RodZ expression from a plasmid in the mutant leads to no recovery of weak acid susceptibility comparable to wild-type levels. PgsA overexpression in the same mutant partly restores sorbic acid susceptibility and fully restores acetic acid sensitivity. A construct containing both RodZ and PgsA as on the genome leads to some restored growth as well
physiological function
-
the genes encoding cell shape determination protein Rodz and PgsA are co-transcribed and both a RodZ mutant and a conditional PgsA mutant, under conditions of minimal PgsA expression, are sensitive to sorbic and acetic acid. Both strains display a severely altered membrane composition. Compared to the wild-type strain, phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin levels are lowered and the average acyl chain length is elongated. Induction of RodZ expression from a plasmid in the mutant leads to no recovery of weak acid susceptibility comparable to wild-type levels. PgsA overexpression in the same mutant partly restores sorbic acid susceptibility and fully restores acetic acid sensitivity. A construct containing both RodZ and PgsA as on the genome leads to some restored growth as well
-
physiological function
-
distinct and overlapping function of PGPS in cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae. Heterologous complementation of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 gene pgsA mutant individually by CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 rescues the phosphatidylglycerophosphate-dependent growth phenotype, but the phosphatidylglycerophosphate level and its fatty acid composition are not fully rescued in the complemented strains. As well, oxygen evolution activity is not fully recovered, although electron transport activity of photosystem II is restored to the wild-type level, differential response of CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 expression to phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency. LipidCompositionof pgsA/CrPGP1 and pgsA/CrPGP2, the rescued mutant content is reduced compared to the wild-type, overview
-
physiological function
-
the enzyme is essential for growth of Trypanosoma brucei. The enzyme is a component of a 720 kDa protein complex, co-migrating with Trypanosoma brucei cardiolipin synthase and cytochrome c1, a protein of respiratory complex III
-
Show AA Sequence and Transmembrane Helices (21876 entries)
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
60000
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SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
phosphoprotein
-
in response to inositol, decrease in Pgs1p enzyme activity is associated with increased phosphorylation of Pgs1p. Phosphorylation of a phospholipid biosynthetic enzyme in response to inositol, new mechanism of inositol-mediated regulation
additional information
additional information
NetPhos 2.0 predicted motifs at residues Ser13, Thr9, and Tyr4 for protein kinase A and C (high score of 0.8), casein kinase I and II, glycogen-synthase kinase 3, Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent kinase II
additional information
-
NetPhos 2.0 predicted motifs at residues Ser13, Thr9, and Tyr4 for protein kinase A and C (high score of 0.8), casein kinase I and II, glycogen-synthase kinase 3, Ca2+-calmodulin-dependent kinase II
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PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
-
loss-of-function mutation of enzyme results in pigment-deficient plants with severely compromised biogenensis of thylakoid membranes
additional information
enzyme deficient mutant, carries a point mutation in the CDP-alcohol phosphotransferase motif, 80% reduction in plastidic enzyme activity
additional information
enzyme deficient mutant, carries a point mutation in the CDP-alcohol phosphotransferase motif, 80% reduction in plastidic enzyme activity
additional information
isolation of naturally occuring pgp1/pgp2 double mutant pgp12, phenotype,overview
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TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
55
60
65
-
5 min, complete loss of activity, partially purified enzyme, Triton X-100 extract
55
-
mitochondrial fraction, 26% loss of activity after 1 min, 70% loss of activity after 5 min
60
-
5 min, 50% loss of activity, partially purified enzyme, Triton X-100 extract
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GENERAL STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
combination of both 4 M urea and 1% SDS at 30°C completely inactivates
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urea, 8 M, stable in presence of 0.1% Triton X-100 after 2 h at 30°C
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STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-80°C, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.0, 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM DTT, 0.1% Triton X-100, stable for at least 3 years
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4°C, 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.0, 10 mM MgCl2, 2 mM DTT, 0.1% Triton X-100, stable for several months
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PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
BB0721 gene is transformed into Pgs- mutant of Escherichia coli containing a copy of the native gene on a temperature-regulated plasmid
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gene PGS1, quantitative PCR enzyme expression analysis, recombinant overexpression of FLAG-tagged PGS1 in HEK-293 cells
gene pgsA and pgsA2, amino acid sequence comparisons, quantitative RT-PCR expression analysis
phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase is encoded by PGP1 and PGP2 in Arabidopsis thaliana
the integration plasmid pHT01 is constructed by insertion of the PCR amplified fragment of pgsA, encoding phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase, into pMUTINCC
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
partial functional complementation of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 gene pgsA mutant individually by CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 (pgsA/CrPGP1 and pgsA/CrPGP2) rescueing the phosphatidylglycerophosphate-dependent growth phenotype, but the phosphatidylglycerophosphate level and its fatty acid composition are not fully rescued in the complemented strains. As well, oxygen evolution activity is not fully recovered, although electron transport activity of photosystem II is restored to the wild-type level, differential response of CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 expression to phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency, overview. Cloning in vector which is designed to incorporate a gene of interest at a neutral site (slr2031) with the psbA2 (slr1311) promoter and a chloramphenicol-resistance cassette
partial functional complementation of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 gene pgsA mutant individually by CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 (pgsA/CrPGP1 and pgsA/CrPGP2) rescueing the phosphatidylglycerophosphate-dependent growth phenotype, but the phosphatidylglycerophosphate level and its fatty acid composition are not fully rescued in the complemented strains. As well, oxygen evolution activity is not fully recovered, although electron transport activity of photosystem II is restored to the wild-type level, differential response of CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 expression to phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency, overview. Cloning in vector which is designed to incorporate a gene of interest at a neutral site (slr2031) with the psbA2 (slr1311) promoter and a chloramphenicol-resistance cassette
partial functional complementation of Synechocystis sp. PCC6803 gene pgsA mutant individually by CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 (pgsA/CrPGP1 and pgsA/CrPGP2) rescueing the phosphatidylglycerophosphate-dependent growth phenotype, but the phosphatidylglycerophosphate level and its fatty acid composition are not fully rescued in the complemented strains. As well, oxygen evolution activity is not fully recovered, although electron transport activity of photosystem II is restored to the wild-type level, differential response of CrPGP1 and CrPGP2 expression to phosphorus and nitrogen deficiency, overview. Cloning in vector which is designed to incorporate a gene of interest at a neutral site (slr2031) with the psbA2 (slr1311) promoter and a chloramphenicol-resistance cassette
-
-
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
medicine
-
treatment of animals for 5 consecutive days with thyroxine at 250 mg per kg of body weight results in enzyme stimulation up to 3.5fold
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REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Cao, S.G.; Hatch, G.M.
Stimulation of phosphatidylglycerophosphate phosphatase activity by unsaturated fatty acids in rat heart
Lipids
29
475-480
1994
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Larson, T.J.; Hirabayashi, T.; Dowhan, W.
Phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis in Bacillus licheniformis. Resolution of membrane-bound enzymes by affinity chromatography on cytidinediphospho-sn-1,2-diacylglycerol sepharose
Biochemistry
15
974-979
1976
Bacillus licheniformis
brenda
Carman, G.M.; Wieczorek, D.S.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase and phosphatidylserine synthase activites in Clostridium perfringens
J. Bacteriol.
142
262-267
1980
Clostridium perfringens
brenda
Bleasdale, J.E.; Johnston, J.M.
CMP-dependent incorporation of [14C]Glycerol 3-phosphate into phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol phosphate by rabbit lung microsomes
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
710
377-390
1982
Oryctolagus cuniculus
brenda
Hirabayashi, T.; Larson, T.J.; Dowhan, W.
Membrane-associated phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthetase from Escherichia coli: purification by substrate affinity chromatography on cytidine 5-diphospho-1,2-diacyl-sn-glycerol sepharose
Biochemistry
15
5205-5211
1976
Escherichia coli
brenda
Carman, G.M.; Greenberg, A.S.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase from germinating soybeans
J. Food Biochem.
8
321-333
1984
Glycine max
-
brenda
Carman, G.M.; Belunis, C.J.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Can. J. Biochem.
61
1452-1457
1983
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
-
brenda
Dowhan, W.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase from Escherichia coli
Methods Enzymol.
209
313-321
1992
Escherichia coli
brenda
Dowhan, W.; Hirabayashi, T.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase from Escherichia coli
Methods Enzymol.
71
555-561
1981
Escherichia coli
-
brenda
McMurray, W.C.; Jarvis, E.C.
Purification and properties of phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthetase from mammalian liver mitochondria
Can. J. Biochem.
56
414-419
1978
Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
brenda
Tyhach, R.J.; Rosenthal, A.F.; Tropp, B.E.
Substrate activity of phosphonic acid analogues of CDPdiglyceride in the synthesis of phosphoglycerides in Escherichia coli
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
388
29-37
1975
Escherichia coli
brenda
Cao, S.G.; Cheng, P.; Angel, A.; Hatch, G.M.
Thyroxine stimulates phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase activity in rat heart mitochondria
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1256
241-244
1995
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Babiychuk, E.; Muller, F.; Eubel, H.; Braun, H.P.; Frentzen, M.; Kushnir, S.
Arabidopsis phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase 1 is essential for chloroplast differentiation, but is dispensable for mitochondrial function
Plant J.
33
899-909
2003
Arabidopsis thaliana
brenda
Dzugasova, V.; Obernauerova, M.; Horvathova, K.; Vachova, M.; Zakova, M.; Subik, J.
Phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase encoded by the PEL1/PGS1 gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is localized in mitochondria and its expression is regulated by phospholipid precursors
Curr. Genet.
34
297-302
1998
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Kawasaki, K.; Kuge, O.; Yamakawa, Y.; Nishijima, M.
Purification of phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase from Chinese hamster ovary cells
Biochem. J.
354
9-15
2001
Cricetulus griseus
brenda
Jiang, F.; Kelly, B.L.; Hagopian, K.; Greenberg, M.L.
Purification and characterization of phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase from Schizosaccharomyces pombe
J. Biol. Chem.
273
4681-4688
1998
Schizosaccharomyces pombe
brenda
Minskoff, S.A.; Greenberg, M.L.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase from yeast
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1348
187-191
1997
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe
brenda
Muller, F.; Frentzen, M.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthases from Arabidopsis thaliana
FEBS Lett.
509
298-302
2001
Arabidopsis thaliana (O80952), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M2W3)
brenda
Shen, H.; Dowhan, W.
Regulation of phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
J. Biol. Chem.
273
11638-11642
1998
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Xu, F.Y.; Kelly, S.L.; Hatch, G.M.
N-Acetylsphingosine stimulates phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase activity in H9c2 cardiac cells
Biochem. J.
337
483-490
1999
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Xu, C.; Hartel, H.; Wada, H.; Hagio, M.; Yu, B.; Eakin, C.; Benning, C.
The pgp1 mutant locus of Arabidopsis encodes a phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase with impaired activity
Plant Physiol.
129
594-604
2002
Arabidopsis thaliana (O80952), Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9M2W3)
brenda
Zhong, Q.; Greenberg, M.L.
Regulation of phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase by inositol in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not at the level of PGS1 mRNA abundance
J. Biol. Chem.
278
33978-33984
2003
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Nishibori, A.; Kusaka, J.; Hara, H.; Umeda, M.; Matsumoto, K.
Phosphatidylethanolamine domains and localization of phospholipid synthases in Bacillus subtilis membranes
J. Bacteriol.
187
2163-2174
2005
Bacillus subtilis
brenda
Tyciakova, S.; Obernauerova, M.; Dokusova, L.; Kooistra, R.A.; Steensma, H.Y.; Sulo, P.; Subik, J.
The KlPGS1 gene encoding phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase in Kluyveromyces lactis is essential and assigned to chromosome I
FEMS Yeast Res.
5
19-27
2004
Kluyveromyces lactis (Q874C6), Kluyveromyces lactis
brenda
Wang, X.G.; Scagliotti, J.P.; Hu, L.T.
Phospholipid synthesis in Borrelia burgdorferi: BB0249 and BB0721 encode functional phosphatidylcholine synthase and phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase proteins
Microbiology
150
391-397
2004
Borreliella burgdorferi
brenda
He, Q.; Greenberg, M.L.
Post-translational regulation of phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase in response to inositol
Mol. Microbiol.
53
1243-1249
2004
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Ticha, E.; Polakovicova, V.; Obernauerova, M.
Regulation of phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase in aerobic yeast Kluyveromyces lactis
Folia Microbiol. (Praha)
53
319-324
2008
Kluyveromyces lactis (Q874C6), Kluyveromyces lactis
brenda
Hatch, G.M.; Gu, Y.; Xu, F.Y.; Cizeau, J.; Neumann, S.; Park, J.S.; Loewen, S.; Mowat, M.R.
StARD13(Dlc-2) RhoGap mediates ceramide activation of phosphatidylglycerolphosphate synthase and drug response in Chinese hamster ovary cells
Mol. Biol. Cell
19
1083-1092
2008
Cricetulus griseus (Q9Z2Z7), Cricetulus griseus
brenda
Batova, M.; Dzugasova, V.; Borecka, S.; Goffa, E.; Oblasova, Z.; Subik, J.
Molecular and phenotypic analysis of mutations causing anionic phospholipid deficiency in closely related yeast species
Folia Microbiol. (Praha)
54
30-36
2009
Nakaseomyces glabratus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
brenda
Hashimoto, M.; Takahashi, H.; Hara, Y.; Hara, H.; Asai, K.; Sadaie, Y.; Matsumoto, K.
Induction of extracytoplasmic function sigma factors in Bacillus subtilis cells with membranes of reduced phosphatidylglycerol content
Genes Genet. Syst.
84
191-198
2009
Bacillus subtilis
brenda
Yichoy, M.; Nakayasu, E.S.; Shpak, M.; Aguilar, C.; Aley, S.B.; Almeida, I.C.; Das, S.
Lipidomic analysis reveals that phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine are newly generated phospholipids in an early-divergent protozoan, Giardia lamblia
Mol. Biochem. Parasitol.
165
67-78
2009
Giardia duodenalis (A8BGX2), Giardia duodenalis WB / CC 30957 (A8BGX2)
brenda
Serricchio, M.; Buetikofer, P.
Phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase associates with a mitochondrial inner membrane complex and is essential for growth of Trypanosoma brucei
Mol. Microbiol.
87
569-579
2013
Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma brucei 29-13
brenda
Tanoue, R.; Kobayashi, M.; Katayama, K.; Nagata, N.; Wada, H.
Phosphatidylglycerol biosynthesis is required for the development of embryos and normal membrane structures of chloroplasts and mitochondria in Arabidopsis
FEBS Lett.
588
1680-1685
2014
Arabidopsis thaliana (O80952)
brenda
Hung, C.; Kobayashi, K.; Wada, H.; Nakamura, Y.
Functional specificity of cardiolipin synthase revealed by the identification of a cardiolipin synthase CrCLS1 in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
Front. Microbiol.
6
1542
2016
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (A0A2K3D1C8), Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
brenda
Hung, C.; Endo, K.; Kobayashi, K.; Nakamura, Y.; Wada, H.
Characterization of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii phosphatidylglycerophosphate synthase in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803
Front. Microbiol.
6
842
2016
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (A8JEJ8), Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii CC-503 (A8JEJ8)
brenda
Morita, S.Y.; Terada, T.
Enzymatic measurement of phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin in cultured cells and mitochondria
Sci. Rep.
5
11737
2015
Homo sapiens (Q32NB8)
brenda
van Beilen, J.; Blohmke, C.J.; Folkerts, H.; de Boer, R.; Zakrzewska, A.; Kulik, W.; Vaz, F.M.; Brul, S.; Ter Beek, A.
RodZ and PgsA play intertwined roles in membrane homeostasis of Bacillus subtilis and resistance to weak organic acid stress
Front. Microbiol.
7
1633
2016
Bacillus subtilis (P46322), Bacillus subtilis 168 (P46322)
brenda
Li, C.; Tan, B.K.; Zhao, J.; Guan, Z.
In vivo and in vitro synthesis of phosphatidylglycerol by an Escherichia coli cardiolipin synthase
J. Biol. Chem.
291
25144-25153
2016
Escherichia coli (P0ABF8)
brenda
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