EC Number   |
Substrates |
Organism |
Products |
Reversibility |
|---|
   3.5.4.38 | 5-methylcytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
the enzyme exhibits low activity toward 5-methylcytosine n single-stranded DNA |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
- |
Homo sapiens |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
- |
Mus musculus |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
- |
Bos taurus |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
- |
Oryctolagus cuniculus |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
- |
Loxodonta africana |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates Ig class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation by producing U:G mismatches in DNA. These mismatches also have the potential to induce DNA damage including double-stranded breaks and chromosome translocations |
Mus musculus |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) initiates immunoglobulin class switch DNA recombination (CSR) and somatic hypermutation deaminating deoxycytidines in switch and V(D)J region DNA, respectively, to generate deoxyuracils. Processing of deoxyuracils by uracil DNA glycosylase yields abasic sites, which are excised by apurinic/apyrimidinic endonucleases, eventually generating double strand DNA breaks, the obligatory intermediates of class switch DNA recombination |
Mus musculus |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is a mutator enzyme that initiates somatic mutation and class switch recombination in B lymphocytes by introducing uracil:guanine mismatches into DNA. Repair pathways process these mismatches to produce point mutations in the Ig variable region or double-stranded DNA breaks in the switch region DNA. The enzyme can also produce off-target DNA damage, including mutations in oncogenes |
Mus musculus |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.38 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) produces DNA breaks in immunoglobulin genes during antibody diversification. Double-stranded breaks in the switch region mediate class switch recombination, and contribute to gene conversion and somatic hypermutation in the variable regions. Among potential highly transcribed genes in mouse hybridoma cells, the immunoglobulin heavy and light chain genes are important AID targets, with the immunoglobulin mu switch region being preferred compared to other genomic sites |
Homo sapiens |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
