EC Number   |
General Information |
Reference |
|---|
   1.5.1.11 | metabolism |
bivalves have evolved diverse and highly specialised strategies for surviving in hypoxic episodes including pathways that are efficient both in terms of ATP production, and in minimising H+ and toxic end product accumulation. Under these circumstances, glycogen is metabolized to pyruvate and the cytosolic NADH/NAD+ redox ratio is balanced by the reduction of pyruvate to lactate. Alternatively, NAD+ can be recycled more efficiently by coupling an amino acid to pyruvate, with formation of opines such as alanopine, tauropine, octopine, and strombine. Specimens utilizing the octopine rather than the alanopine pathway will increase energy flow rapidly, developing a major ability to counteract environmental variations. The high ratio between malate dehydrogenase/lactate dehydrogenase is due to the ability of Pinna nobilis to turn on anaerobic metabolism as a consequence of environmental or anthropogenic stresses. Anaerobic pathways are not all equivalent in terms of energy production based upon maximum rates for ATP output (lactate > octopine > alanopine = strombine). The ODH pathway is probably able to realize a higher rate of energy production than either the SDH or ADH pathways |
741868 |
| 1.5.1.11 | metabolism |
in mollusks, anaerobic conditions, in addition to the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, have been shown to produce energy by the arginine phosphate/arginine kinase system in which octopine dehydrogenase (ODH) is involved. ODH maintains a lower cytosolic redox ratio (NADH/NAD+) than LDH during anoxia, where the glycolytic pathway is prevalent. Activity of key enzymes of intermediary metabolism in Octopus vulgaris palarvae at hatching and after 12 and 28 days of feeding with control diet (Artemia enriched with phytoplankton) or LC60 diet (Artemia enriched with marine lecithin), overview |
764773 |
| 1.5.1.11 | more |
chronic nighttime hypoxia does not affect the ODH enzyme activity in corals |
743404 |
| 1.5.1.11 | more |
comparisons of opine dehydrogenases activities (octopine dehydrogenase, alanopine dehydrogenase, strombine dehydrogenase, and tauropine dehydrogenase) in the adductor muscle, overview. The ODH activity in adductor muscle increases following the marine-brackish gradient, while the one of ADH, SDH and TDH decreases following the same gradient |
741868 |
| 1.5.1.11 | physiological function |
analysis of the metabolic organization of octopus paralarvae throughout an ontogenic period of 12 days post-hatching, as well as assessment of the effect of diet enrichment with live prey containing abundant marine phospholipids. Throughout the ontogenic period studied, an increase in anaerobic metabolism takes place largely due to an increased dependence of paralarvae on exogenous food. This activity is supported by octopine dehydrogenase activity, with a less significant contribution of lactate dehydrogenase activity. Regarding aerobic metabolism, the use of amino acids is maintained for the duration of the experiment, and a significant increase in the rate of oxidation of fatty acids from 6 days after-hatching is observed. Capacity for de novo synthesis of glucose from amino acids and glycerol is also observed. Feeding larvae with phospholipid-enriched Artemia improves animal viability and welfare, significantly increasing the rate of survival and growth of paralarvae |
764773 |
| 1.5.1.11 | physiological function |
standard metabolic rate and enzymatic activities (malate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogexadnase, alanopine dehydrogenase) in snails after a 10-day acclimation period at high salinity. Opine dehydrogenase is measured for anaerobic respiration. Significantly higher mortalities are observed at higher salinities, the strongest effects occur on snails collected at the end of winter, and exposed to 30 psu and 20°C (100% mortality in 3 days). When snails are collected during the spring, 100% mortality is observed after 40 days at 30 psu and 20°C. Standard metabolic rates are significantly lower when snails are exposed to salinities of 25 and 30 psu, even after 10 days of acclimation. Analysis of effects of high salinity, osmotic and thermal shock, determination of enzyme activity and mortality rates of the New Zealand mudsnail under different conditions, overview |
765471 |
