1.13.11.58 evolution analysis of functional domains, families and motifs along with the phylogenetic analysis 742693 1.13.11.58 evolution DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis of LOX1 and LOX2 isozymes, phylogenetic analysis, only LOX1:Md:1a exhibits a glycine residue (Gly567) responsible for dual positional specificity and (R)-LOX activity 742627 1.13.11.58 malfunction antisense expression of Osr9-lox1 (asr9lox1) decrease the amount of wound-induced (Z)-3-hexenal but increase levels of striped stem borer (SSB)-induced linolenic acid, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and trypsin protease inhibitors. These changes are associated with increased resistance in rice to the larvae of the SSB Chilo suppressalis. Silencing Osr9-LOX1 results in increased jasmonic acid, salicylic acid and green leaf volatiles ((Z)-3-hexenal) levels 743426 1.13.11.58 malfunction CaLOX1-silenced pepper plants are more susceptible to Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria and Colletotrichum coccodes infection -, 706336 1.13.11.58 malfunction enzyme mutants are more resistant to infections with Fusarium verticillioides 765407 1.13.11.58 malfunction inactivation of ZmLOX3 results not only in reduced levels of fumonisin production and decreased conidiation of Fusarium verticillioides but also in decreased disease severity caused by distantly related fungal pathogens Colletotrichum graminicola and Cochliobolus heterostrophus. Hypothesis: certain fungi may require host plant 9-LOX-derived oxylipins to upregulate their developmental processes such as conidiation and mycotoxin production. Although 9-LOX derived oxylipins are reduced in the lox3-4 mutant, no significant differences of 13-LOX products derived from either C18:2 or C18:3 are observed between the embryos of wild types and lox3-4 mutants 705807 1.13.11.58 malfunction mutants that lack LOX1 and LOX5 function develop more emergent (stage VIII) and lateral roots than wild-type plants 706206 1.13.11.58 malfunction partial impairment of lox1 and dox1, encoding 9-lipoxygenase and alpha-dioxygenase, mutants to activate systemic acquired resistance against virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain Pst DC3000, enhanced susceptibility of lox1 to the virulent Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strain Pst DC3000. 9-Ketooctadecatrienoic acid levels are reduced in lox1 and lox1 dox1 plants but strongly increased in the dox1 mutant due to metabolic interaction of the two pathways. Mutant lox1 dox1 seedlings are hypersensitive to the growth-inhibitory effect of abscisic acid and show enhanced activation of abscisic acid-inducible marker genes as compared with wild-type plants. Phenotypes, overview 726018 1.13.11.58 metabolism 9-lipoxygenase-generated fatty acid hydroperoxides are converted into specific trihydroxy acids by the EAS-epoxide hydrolase pathway in the beetroot. The linolenic acid-derived hydroperoxide 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z),15(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid is converted into 9(S),12(S),13(S)-trihydroxy-10(E),15(Z)-octadecadienoic acid (fulgidic acid). On the other hand, the 13-lipoxygenase-generated hydroperoxides of linoleic or linolenic acids fail to produce significant amounts of trihydroxy acids. Short-time incubation of 9(S)-hydroperoxy-10(E),12(Z)-octadecadienoic acid affords the epoxy alcohol 12(R),13(S)-epoxy-9(S)-hydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid as the main product indicating the sequence 9-hydroperoxide to epoxy alcohol to trihydroxy acid catalyzed by epoxy alcohol synthase and epoxide hydrolase activities, respectively 725855 1.13.11.58 metabolism plant 9-lipoxygenases and alpha-dioxygenases initiate the synthesis of oxylipins after bacterial infection. Pretreatment with 9-LOX- and alpha-DOX-generated oxylipins protected plant tissues against bacterial infection, especially 9-oxo-10(E),12(Z),15(Z)-octadecatrienoic acid, which is produced from linolenic acid by 9-LOX 726018 1.13.11.58 metabolism the enzyme is involved in the LOX pathway, overview 742627 1.13.11.58 metabolism the enzyme takes part in the LOX pathway, overview 742693 1.13.11.58 physiological function CaLOX1 positively regulates defense and cell death responses to microbial pathogens -, 706336 1.13.11.58 physiological function chitosan-induced AgLOX1 encodes a 9-lipoxygenase potentially involved in the defense response through 9-LOX pathway leading to biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds in Adelostemma gracillimum seedlings 725160 1.13.11.58 physiological function enzyme is involved in cell death during cotton hypersensitive reaction 706263 1.13.11.58 physiological function enzyme Osr9-LOX1 plays an important role in regulating an herbivore-induced jasmonic acid burst and cross-talk between jasmonic acid and salicylic acid, and in controlling resistance in rice to chewing and phloem-feeding herbivores 743426 1.13.11.58 physiological function isoform Lox12 is implicated in fungal defense 765626 1.13.11.58 physiological function lipoxygenase (LOX) is an important contributor to the formation of aroma-active C6 aldehydes in apple (Malus domestica) fruit upon tissue disruption, role in autonomously produced aroma volatiles from intact tissue, overview. The genetic association with a quantitative trait locus for fruit ester and the remarkable agreement in regio- and stereoselectivity of the LOX1:Md:1a reaction with the overall LOX activity found in mature apple fruits, suggest a major physiological function of LOX1:Md:1a during climacteric ripening of apples. While isozymes LOX1:Md:1c, LOX2:Md:2a, and LOX2:Md:2b may contribute to aldehyde production in immature fruit upon cell disruption isozyme, LOX1:Md:1a probably regulates the availability of precursors for ester production in intact fruit tissue. Both 9- and 13-hydroperoxides can be catabolized to aroma-active volatile aldehydes by hydroperoxide lyase. Only 13-LOX activity contributes to the apple aroma due to the formation of precursors of C6 volatile compounds. The dioxygenation of PUFAs by 9- and 13-LOX activity forms precursors for important phytooxylipins with functions in plant defense, wound signaling, senescence and fruit ripening 742627 1.13.11.58 physiological function LOX1 and LOX5 may function as regulators of root development by controlling the emergence of lateral roots through the production of (10E,12Z)-9-hydroperoxy-10,12-octadecadienoate 706206 1.13.11.58 physiological function putative role for this gene in defense against insects 706392 1.13.11.58 physiological function r9-LOX1 positively regulates the amount of nonanal but negatively regulates acetic acid and hexanal. The negative regulation may be due to a mechanism of negative feedback between LOX family members 742051 1.13.11.58 physiological function the enzyme is a major susceptibility factor induced by fungal linoleate diol synthase 1-derived oxylipins to suppress jasmonate-stimulating 9-lipoxygenases. Enzyme-mediated signaling promotes the biosynthesis of virulence-promoting oxylipins in Fusarium verticillioides. Host enzyme-produced oxylipins are essential for the normal infection and colonization processes of maize seed by Fusarium verticillioides 765407 1.13.11.58 physiological function the enzyme plays an important role in hormonal stress response during fruit ripening 764893 1.13.11.58 physiological function the LOX1 pathway is involved in regulating abscisic acid responses 726018 1.13.11.58 physiological function the tuberization protein linoleate 9S-lipoxygenase 3 is not the only gene responsible for tuberization in potato. Tuber formation process regulation, overview 742693 1.13.11.58 physiological function ZmLOX3 is required for normal plant development. The ZmLOX3-mediated pathway may act as a root-specific suppressor of all three major defense signaling pathways to channel plant energy into growth processes, but is required for normal levels of resistance against nematodes 705809