1.2.1.31 addition of 10 mM 2-mercaptoethanol and protease inhibitors e.g.: 5 mM EDTA, 1 mM phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride to the crude extract improves stability 1.2.1.31 freezing-thawing, frozen enzyme loses 10-20% of activity during each freeze-thaw cycle 1.2.1.31 low ionic strength: unstable 1.2.1.31 lyophilization inactivates