Literature summary extracted from

Golestan Hashemi, F.; Ismail, M.; Rafii, M.; Aslani, F.; Miah, G.; Muharam, F.
Critical multifunctional role of the betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase gene in plants (2018), Biotechnol. Biotechnol. Equip., 32, 815-829.

No PubMed abstract available

Application

EC Number	Application	Comment	Organism
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Ammopiptanthus nanus
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Zea mays
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Pandanus amaryllifolius
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Vallaris sp.
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	molecular biology	BADH application as a marker for chloroplast engineering without using antibiotic can avoid transferring antibiotic genes from the plant and thus assists to allay public concern regarding genetic modifications	Solanum lycopersicum
1.2.1.8	additional information	BADH isolated from spinach is successfully utilised for selection of chloroplast transformation of tobacco in order to prevent the risk of transferring antibiotic resistance genes to gut microbes or the environment	Spinacia oleracea

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number	Cloned (Comment)	Organism
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, BADH2 encodes on chromosome 8, sequence comparisons	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, sequence comparisons	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, sequence comparisons	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, sequence comparisons	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, sequence comparisons	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, sequence comparisons	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, sequence comparisons	Zea mays
1.2.1.8	gene BADH, sequence comparisons, heterologous expression of a BADH gene from Ammopiptanthus nanus in Escherichia coli validates its role in abiotic tolerance	Ammopiptanthus nanus
1.2.1.8	gene BADH1, sequence comparisons	Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

EC Number	Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in rice resulting in the insertion of exogenous gene sequences and different deletions leading to the elimination of the start codon, the loss of a functional domain and the introduction of a premature termination codon. Non-aromatic rice cultivars comprise a functional BADH2 gene, while aromatic rice cultivars contain a badh2 gene producing a non-functional enzyme because of a premature stop codon. Such a truncated BADH2 enzyme can lead to the accumulation of 2AP, the main fragrant compound	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in rice resulting in the insertion of exogenous gene sequences and different deletions leading to the elimination of the start codon, the loss of a functional domain and the introduction of a premature termination codon. Such a truncated BADH2 enzyme can lead to the accumulation of 2AP, the main fragrant compound	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in rice resulting in the insertion of exogenous gene sequences and different deletions leading to the elimination of the start codon, the loss of a functional domain and the introduction of a premature termination codon. Such a truncated BADH2 enzyme can lead to the accumulation of 2AP, the main fragrant compound	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in rice resulting in the insertion of exogenous gene sequences and different deletions leading to the elimination of the start codon, the loss of a functional domain and the introduction of a premature termination codon. Such a truncated BADH2 enzyme can lead to the accumulation of 2AP, the main fragrant compound	Zea mays

Localization

EC Number	Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
1.2.1.8	chloroplast	-	Spinacia oleracea	9507	-
1.2.1.8	chloroplast	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	9507	-
1.2.1.8	cytosol	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	5829	-
1.2.1.8	mitochondrion	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	5739	-
1.2.1.8	peroxisome	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	5777	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number	Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Spinacia oleracea	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Glycine max	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Ammopiptanthus nanus	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Triticum aestivum	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Zea mays	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Pandanus amaryllifolius	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Vallaris sp.	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Arabidopsis thaliana	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	Solanum lycopersicum	-	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?

Organism

EC Number	Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
1.2.1.8	Ammopiptanthus nanus	-	-	-
1.2.1.8	Arabidopsis thaliana	Q9S795	-	-
1.2.1.8	Arabidopsis thaliana	Q9STS1	-	-
1.2.1.8	Glycine max	B0M1A6	-	-
1.2.1.8	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare	A4UUF3	-	-
1.2.1.8	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia	-	Bassia latifolia	-
1.2.1.8	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	O24174	several BADH gene paralogues, cv. Cadoux	-
1.2.1.8	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	Q84LK3	several BADH gene paralogues, cv. Cadoux	-
1.2.1.8	Pandanus amaryllifolius	A0A2Z2GYT8	-	-
1.2.1.8	Solanum lycopersicum	-	-	-
1.2.1.8	Spinacia oleracea	P17202	-	-
1.2.1.8	Triticum aestivum	Q8LGQ9	-	-
1.2.1.8	Vallaris sp.	-	i.e. Vallaris glabra	-
1.2.1.8	Zea mays	Q53CF4	-	-

Posttranslational Modification

EC Number	Posttranslational Modification	Comment	Organism
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in rice	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in barley	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in wheat	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	additional information	several truncated or recombinant transcripts of BADH1 and BADH2 emerging from an unusual post-transcriptional process have been found in maize	Zea mays

Source Tissue

EC Number	Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
1.2.1.8	flower	-	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia	-
1.2.1.8	leaf	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	-
1.2.1.8	leaf	-	Spinacia oleracea	-
1.2.1.8	leaf	-	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia	-
1.2.1.8	seed	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number	Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Spinacia oleracea	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Glycine max	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Ammopiptanthus nanus	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Triticum aestivum	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Zea mays	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Pandanus amaryllifolius	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Vallaris sp.	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Arabidopsis thaliana	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde + NAD+ + H2O	-	Solanum lycopersicum	betaine + NADH + 2 H+	-	?
1.2.1.8	additional information	rice BADH1 and BADH2 show greater affinity (Km) and higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/ Km) towards amino aldehydes, such as gamma-aminobutyraldehyde (GABald) and gamma-guanidinobutyraldehyde (GGBald), in comparison with betaine aldehyde. BADH2 catalysis generates glycine betaine, whereas BADH1 is not able to catalyse glycine betaine formation	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	?	-	?
1.2.1.8	additional information	rice BADH1 and BADH2 show greater affinity (Km) and higher catalytic efficiency (kcat/ Km) towards amino aldehydes, such as gamma-aminobutyraldehyde (GABald) and gamma-guanidinobutyraldehyde (GGBald), in comparison with betaine aldehyde, cf. EC 1.2.1.19. BADH2 catalysis generates glycine betaine, whereas BADH1 is not able to catalyse glycine betaine formation	Oryza sativa Japonica Group	?	-	?

Synonyms

EC Number	Synonyms	Comment	Organism
1.2.1.8	ALDH10A8	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	ALDH10A9	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Ammopiptanthus nanus
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Zea mays
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Pandanus amaryllifolius
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Vallaris sp.
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	BADH	-	Solanum lycopersicum
1.2.1.8	BADH1	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	BADH1	-	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	BADH1	-	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	BADH1	-	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	BADH1	-	Vallaris sp.
1.2.1.8	BADH1	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	BADH1	-	Solanum lycopersicum
1.2.1.8	BADH2	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	BADH2	-	Pandanus amaryllifolius
1.2.1.8	BADH2	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Ammopiptanthus nanus
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Zea mays
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Pandanus amaryllifolius
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Vallaris sp.
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase	-	Solanum lycopersicum

Cofactor

EC Number	Cofactor	Comment	Organism
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Ammopiptanthus nanus
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Zea mays
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Pandanus amaryllifolius
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Vallaris sp.
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	NAD+	-	Solanum lycopersicum

General Information

EC Number	General Information	Comment	Organism
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes. Even though 2AP formation in Bassia latifolia occurs only in flowers (fleshy corolla), in fragrant rice and plants such as Pandanus amaryllifolius and Vallaris glabra, it exists in all aerial parts	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes. But the BADH transcripts from plant species such as Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), correctly process the mRNA	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes	Zea mays
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes. Even though 2AP formation in Bassia latifolia occurs only in flowers (fleshy corolla), in fragrant rice and plants such as Pandanus amaryllifolius and Vallaris glabra, it exists in all aerial parts	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes. Even though 2AP formation in Bassia latifolia occurs only in flowers (fleshy corolla), in fragrant rice and plants such as Pandanus amaryllifolius and Vallaris glabra, it exists in all aerial parts	Pandanus amaryllifolius
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes. Even though 2AP formation in Bassia latifolia occurs only in flowers (fleshy corolla), in fragrant rice and plants such as Pandanus amaryllifolius and Vallaris glabra, it exists in all aerial parts	Vallaris sp.
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes. But the BADH transcripts from plant species such as Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), correctly process the mRNA	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	malfunction	some truncated transcripts of BADH are present in several crops. Such truncated transcripts may cause the accumulation of 2AP (2-acetyl-1-pyrroline), which is a key aroma compound. There is a possibility that inhibition of BADH function produces 2AP-based fragrance in main crops because of the existence of BADH isozymes. But the BADH transcripts from plant species such as Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), spinach (Spinacia oleracea) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), correctly process the mRNA	Solanum lycopersicum
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Oryza sativa Japonica Group
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Spinacia oleracea
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Glycine max
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Hordeum vulgare subsp. vulgare
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Ammopiptanthus nanus
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Triticum aestivum
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Zea mays
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Madhuca longifolia var. latifolia
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Pandanus amaryllifolius
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Vallaris sp.
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Arabidopsis thaliana
1.2.1.8	physiological function	betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) leads to production of glycine betaine through the oxidation of betaine aldehyde. BADH is considered a key regulator for glycine betaine formation. Critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses. The BADH gene plays a multifunctional role in plants, detailed overview. It is an important factor in fragrance production, abiotic stresses and antibiotic-free selection of transgenic plants. By providing glycine betaine as a chemical interface, there is a critical role of BADH in enhancing the tolerance in an extensive range of plants subjected to different destructive abiotic stresses, e.g. drought stress, soil salinity stress, submergence stress, and temperature stress	Solanum lycopersicum