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Literature summary extracted from

  • Yokogawa, T.; Nomura, Y.; Yasuda, A.; Ogino, H.; Hiura, K.; Nakada, S.; Oka, N.; Ando, K.; Kawamura, T.; Hirata, A.; Hori, H.; Ohno, S.
    Identification of a radical SAM enzyme involved in the synthesis of archaeosine (2019), Nat. Chem. Biol., 15, 1148-1155 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.6.1.B20 recombinant coexpression of His-tagged TaArcS and His-tagged TkRaSEA in Escherichia coli Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 recombinant coexpression of His-tagged wild-type and mutant enzymes in Escherichia coli strain ER2566 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 gene arcS, recombinant expression of enzyme ArcS in an arcS orthologue (KEGG accession TK2156)-deletion strain of Thermococcus kodakarensis and functional complementation Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 recombinant coexpression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain ER2566 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 recombinant coexpression of His-tagged TaArcS and His-tagged TkRaSEA in Escherichia coli Thermococcus kodakarensis

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.6.1.B20 C51A site-directed mutagenesis of a residue from the radical SAM enzymes' conserved CX3CX2C motif. No T1 fragment containing G+ is detected, but signals of U(s4U)AACAAA(q0kN)CGp are observed in the T1 fragments of tRNACys from C51A-expressing cells Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 C59A site-directed mutagenesis of a residue from the radical SAM enzymes' conserved CX3CX2C motif. No T1 fragment containing G+ is detected, but signals of U(s4U)AACAAA(q0kN)CGp are observed in the T1 fragments of tRNACys from C59A-expressing cells Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 C62A site-directed mutagenesis of a residue from the radical SAM enzymes' conserved CX3CX2C motif. No T1 fragment containing G+ is detected, but signals of U(s4U)AACAAA(q0kN)CGp are observed in the T1 fragments of tRNACys from C62A-expressing cells Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 additional information construction of a TK1135 disruption strain (DELTATK1135). The G+ peak disappears from the tRNA fraction of strain DELTATK1135 and a small q0kN peak is observed Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 additional information construction of an arcS orthologue (KEGG accession TK2156)-deletion strain of Thermococcus kodakarensis Thermococcus kodakarensis

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.6.1.B20 Fe2+ in the [4Fe-4S] cluster Methanosarcina acetivorans

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine Thermococcus kodakarensis reaction of subunit beta 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine Methanosarcina acetivorans reaction of subunit beta 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 reaction of subunit beta 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 reaction of subunit beta 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 reaction of subunit beta 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 reaction of subunit beta 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 reaction of subunit beta 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermoplasma acidophilum
-
 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermococcus kodakarensis reaction of subunit alpha L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Methanosarcina acetivorans reaction of subunit alpha L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 reaction of subunit alpha L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 reaction of subunit alpha L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 reaction of subunit alpha L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermoplasma acidophilum JCM 9062
-
 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 reaction of subunit alpha L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermoplasma acidophilum AMRC-C165
-
 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 reaction of subunit alpha L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermoplasma acidophilum ATCC 25905
-
 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O Thermoplasma acidophilum NBRC 15155
-
 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.6.1.B20 Methanosarcina acetivorans Q8THK1 ArcS subunit beta
-
2.6.1.B20 Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 Q8THK1 ArcS subunit beta
-
2.6.1.B20 Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 Q8THK1 ArcS subunit beta
-
2.6.1.B20 Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 Q8THK1 ArcS subunit beta
-
2.6.1.B20 Thermococcus kodakarensis Q5JE80 ArcS subunit beta
-
2.6.1.B20 Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 Q5JE80 ArcS subunit beta
-
2.6.1.B20 Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 Q5JE80 ArcS subunit beta
-
2.6.1.97 Methanosarcina acetivorans Q8TH90 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 Q8TH90 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 Q8TH90 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 Q8TH90 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermococcus kodakarensis Q5JHG7 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 Q5JHG7 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 Q5JHG7 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermoplasma acidophilum Q9HJP3 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermoplasma acidophilum AMRC-C165 Q9HJP3 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermoplasma acidophilum ATCC 25905 Q9HJP3 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermoplasma acidophilum JCM 9062 Q9HJP3 ArcS subunit alpha
-
2.6.1.97 Thermoplasma acidophilum NBRC 15155 Q9HJP3 ArcS subunit alpha
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.6.1.B20 copurification of recombinant His-tagged TaArcS and His-tagged TkRaSEA from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 copurification of recombinant His-tagged wild-type and mutant enzyme complexes from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 copurification of recombinant His-tagged enzyme complex from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 copurification of recombinant His-tagged TaArcS and His-tagged TkRaSEA from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography Thermococcus kodakarensis

Reaction

EC Number Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine reaction mechanism of RaSEA, overview Thermococcus kodakarensis
a
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine = 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine reaction mechanism of RaSEA, overview Methanosarcina acetivorans
a

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta Thermococcus kodakarensis 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta Methanosarcina acetivorans 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.B20 7-N-[(5S)-5-amino-5-carboxypentyl]formamidino-7-deazaguanosine15 in tRNA + S-adenosyl-L-methionine reaction of subunit beta Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 5'-deoxyadenosine + archaeosine15 in tRNA + 2 H+ + L-1-piperideine-6-carboxylate + L-methionine
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha Thermococcus kodakarensis L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha Methanosarcina acetivorans L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans ATCC 35395 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha Thermococcus kodakarensis JCM 12380 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans DSM 2834 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum JCM 9062 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha. G+ is successfully synthesized in recombinant Escherichia coli cells by MaArcTGT and the MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex Methanosarcina acetivorans JCM 12185 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum AMRC-C165 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O reaction of subunit alpha Thermococcus kodakarensis ATCC BAA-918 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum ATCC 25905 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?
2.6.1.97 L-glutamine + 7-cyano-7-carbaguanine15 in tRNA + H2O
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum NBRC 15155 L-glutamate + archaeine15 in tRNA
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.6.1.B20 archaeosine synthase subunit beta
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 archaeosine synthase subunit beta
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 MaRaSEA
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 MA_4513
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 q0kN-tRNA lyase
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 q0kN-tRNA lyase
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 RaSEA
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 RaSEA
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 TK1135 locus name of subunit beta Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 TkRaSEA
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 archaeosine synthase subunit alpha
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 archaeosine synthase subunit alpha
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 ArcS
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 ArcS
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 ArcS
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 lysine transferase
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 lysine transferase
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 MA_4632
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 Ta0924
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 TaArcS
-
 Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 TK2156
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 TkArcS
-
 Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 TkArcS
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
2.6.1.B20 S-adenosyl-L-methionine subunit B is a SAM radical enzyme Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 S-adenosyl-L-methionine subunit B is a SAM radical enzyme Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 [4Fe-4S] cluster
-
 Methanosarcina acetivorans

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.6.1.B20 evolution the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis lacks an arcTGT orthologue Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 evolution the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis lacks an arcTGT orthologue Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 malfunction in a TK1135 disruption strain (DELTATK1135), the G+ peak disappears from the tRNA fraction and a small q0kN peak is observed Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 malfunction in a TK1135 disruption strain (DELTATK1135), the G+ peak disappears from the tRNA fraction and a small q0kN peak is observed Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 metabolism archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 metabolism archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 additional information the archaeosine synthases from Thermococcus kodakarensis is composed of ArcS (subunit alpha) and the radical SAM enzyme TkRaSEA (q0kN-tRNA lyase, subunit beta) both forming a robust complex, but the interaction between TkRaSEA and Thermoplasma acidophilum ArcS is considerably weaker. Interaction analysis, overview Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 additional information the archaeosine synthases from Thermococcus kodakarensis is composed of ArcS (subunit alpha) and the radical SAM enzyme TkRaSEA (q0kN-tRNA lyase, subunit beta) both forming a robust complex, but the interaction between TkRaSEA and Thermoplasma acidophilum ArcS is considerably weaker. Interaction analysis, overview. Residues C51, C59 and C62 in the conserved CX3CX2C motif of radical SAM enzyme MaRaSEA are involved in G+ formation and coordinate iron atoms of the [4Fe-4S] cluster in MaRaSEA Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.B20 physiological function archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively. The TK1135 product is involved in G+ biosynthesis and q0kN is an intermediate in the synthesis of G+ Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.B20 physiological function archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively. The TK1135 product is involved in G+ biosynthesis and q0kN is an intermediate in the synthesis of G+ Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 evolution the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis lacks an arcTGT orthologue Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 malfunction recombinant expression of the arcTGT orthologue from Thermoplasma acidophilum in the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus kodakarensis arcS-deletion strain and functional complementation. Less TkRaSEA is obtained from the extract containing TaArcS compared to TkArcS Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 metabolism archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 metabolism archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 metabolism archaeosine biosynthesis pathway, overview Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 additional information the archaeosine synthases from Methanosarcina acetivorans is composed of ArcS (subunit alpha) and a radical SAM enzyme TkRaSEA (q0kN-tRNA lyase, subunit beta) both forming a robust complex. The MaArcS-MaRaSEA complex formation is inducible by arabinose. Interaction analysis, overview Methanosarcina acetivorans
2.6.1.97 additional information the archaeosine synthases from Thermococcus kodakarensis is composed of ArcS (subunit alpha) and a radical SAM enzyme TkRaSEA (q0kN-tRNA lyase, subunit beta) both forming a robust complex, but the interaction between TkRaSEA and Thermoplasma acidophilum ArcS is considerably weaker. Interaction analysis, overview Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 additional information Thermoplasma acidophilum ArcS also interacts with the q0kN-tRNA lyase TkRaSEA from Thermococcus kodakarensis, interaction analysis, overview Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 physiological function archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively Thermococcus kodakarensis
2.6.1.97 physiological function archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively Thermoplasma acidophilum
2.6.1.97 physiological function archaeosine (G+), 7-formamidino-7-deazaguanosine, is an archaea-specific modified nucleoside found at the 15th position of tRNAs. In Euryarchaeota, 7-cyano-7-deazaguanine (preQ0)-containing tRNA (q0N-tRNA), synthesized by archaeal tRNA-guanine transglycosylase (ArcTGT), is converted to G+-containing tRNA (G+-tRNA) by the paralogue of ArcTGT, ArcS. Several euryarchaeal ArcSs have lysine transfer activity to q0N-tRNA to form q0kN-tRNA, which has a preQ0 lysine adduct as a base. ArcS forms a robust complex with a radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) enzyme named RaSEA. The ArcS-RaSEA complex anaerobically converts q0N-tRNA to G+-tRNA in the presence of SAM and lysine via q0kN-tRNA. It is proposed that ArcS and RaSEA should be considered an archaeosine synthase alpha-subunit (lysine transferase) and beta-subunit (q0kN-tRNA lyase), respectively Methanosarcina acetivorans