Literature summary extracted from

Shanati, T.; Lockie, C.; Beloti, L.; Grogan, G.; Ansorge-Schumacher, M.B.
Two enantiocomplementary ephedrine dehydrogenases from Arthrobacter sp. TS-15 with broad substrate specificity (2019), ACS Catal., 9, 6202-6211 .

No PubMed abstract available

Application

EC Number	Application	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	industry	the wide substrate spectrum of these dehydrogenases, combined with their regio- and enantioselectivity, suggests a high potential for the industrial production of valuable chiral compounds	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	synthesis	the wide substrate spectrum of these dehydrogenases, combined with their regio- and enantioselectivity, suggests a high potential for the industrial production of valuable chiral compounds	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	synthesis	the enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of an isomers of ephedrine and the regio- and enantioselective reduction of sterically demanding substrate 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione to give (S)-phenylacetylcarbinol. (S)-phenylacetylcarbinol can serve as a precursor in the synthesis of many pharmaceuticals, such as (+)-(S,S)-pseudoephedrine	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	synthesis	the wide substrate spectrum of the dehydrogenase, combined with its regio- and enantioselectivity, suggests a high potential for the industrial production of valuable chiral compounds	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	industry	the wide substrate spectrum of these dehydrogenases, combined with their regio- and enantioselectivity, suggests a high potential for the industrial production of valuable chiral compounds	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	synthesis	the wide substrate spectrum of these dehydrogenases, combined with their regio- and enantioselectivity, suggests a high potential for the industrial production of valuable chiral compounds	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	synthesis	the enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of an isomer of ephedrine and the regio- and enantioselective reduction of sterically demanding substrate 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione to give (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	synthesis	the wide substrate spectrum of the dehydrogenase, combined with its regio- and enantioselectivity, suggests a high potential for the industrial production of valuable chiral compounds	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number	Cloned (Comment)	Organism
1.1.1.422	expression in Escherichia coli T7 shuffle (DE3)	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	overexpressed in Escherichia coli T7 Shuffle (DE3) after insertion into plasmid pET19b	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.423	expression in Escherichia coli T7 shuffle (DE3)	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Crystallization (Commentary)

EC Number	Crystallization (Comment)	Organism
1.1.1.422	hanging-drop vapor diffusion method, the crystal structure of the enzyme-NAD+ complex, refined to a resolution of 1.83 A, reveales a tetrameric structure, which is confirmed by solution studies	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	purified enzyme as unliganded tetramer or as monomer in complex with NAD+, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 1.83 A resolution, molecular replacement with a monomer of a gluconate 5-dehydrogenase from Thermotoga maritima (PDB ID 1VL8) used as the model	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	the crystal structure of the enzyme-NAD+ complex, refined to a resolution of 1.83 A, reveales a tetrameric structure, which is confirmed by solution studies	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Inhibitors

EC Number	Inhibitors	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	2-aminoacetophenone	-	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	2-aminoacetophenone	slight substrate inhibition	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	2-aminoacetophenone	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	methyl benzoylformate	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	substrate inhibition	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	2-aminoacetophenone	substrate inhibition	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	substrate inhibition	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	substrate inhibition	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	methylbenzoyl formate	substrate inhibition	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

KM Value [mM]

EC Number	KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	0.05	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	0.05	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	0.05	-	4-chlorobenzil	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	0.05	-	4-chlorobenzil	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	0.14	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	0.14	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	0.81	-	isatin	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	0.81	-	isatin	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	0.93	-	1,2-indanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	0.93	-	1,2-indandione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	3.12	-	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	3.12	-	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	3.12	-	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	3.94	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	3.94	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	7.01	-	methyl benzoylformate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	7.01	-	methyl benzoylformate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	8.74	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	8.74	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	12.71	-	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	12.71	-	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.01	-	1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.02	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.02	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.06	-	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.06	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.07	-	NADH	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.1	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.17	-	4-chlorobenzil	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.19	-	methyl benzoylformate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.2	-	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.51	-	isatin	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.6	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	2.29	-	1,2-indanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	2.29	-	1,2-indandione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	5.67	-	Phenylglyoxal	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.06	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.06	-	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.1	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.19	-	methylbenzoyl formate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.2	-	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.6	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	2.29	-	1,2-indandione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	5.67	-	Phenylglyoxal	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number	Molecular Weight [Da]	Molecular Weight Maximum [Da]	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	28170	-	calculated from sequence	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	28170	-	calculated from sequence	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	33000	-	SDS-PAGE	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.423	25930	-	calculated from sequence	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	27000	-	SDS-PAGE	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number	Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.
1.1.1.422	(+)-(1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	-	(S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	(1S,2S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	-	(S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	(S,R)-(+)-ephedrine + NAD+	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	-	(R)-2-methylimino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione + NADH + H+	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	-	(S)-phenylacetylcarbinol + NAD+	-	r
1.1.1.423	(-)-(1R,2S)-ephedrine + NAD+	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	-	(S)-2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.5.1.18	(R,R)-(-)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	-	(R)-2-methylimino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	r
1.5.1.18	(R,S)-(-)-ephedrine + NAD+	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	-	(R)-2-methylimino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	r

Organism

EC Number	Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
1.1.1.422	Arthrobacter sp.	A0A545BBS8	-	-
1.1.1.422	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	A0A545BBS8	-	-
1.1.1.422	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	A0A545BBS8	DSM 32400, isolated from soil	-
1.1.1.423	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	A0A545BBR2	-	-
1.5.1.18	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	A0A545BBR2	DSM 32400, isolated from soil	-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number	Purification (Comment)	Organism
1.1.1.422	-	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number	Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg]	Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg]	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	0.04	-	substrate: phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	0.2	-	substrate: (4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyridinylmethanone, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	0.58	-	substrate: 2,2'-thenil, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	0.66	-	substrate: 2,2'-furil, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	1.5	-	substrate: 4,4'-difluorobenzil, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	2.4	-	substrate: benzil, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	2.93	-	substrate: 4,4'-dimethylbenzil, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	3.75	-	substrate: 2-bromoacetophenone, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	5.26	-	substrate: 4-chlorobenzil, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	5.41	-	substrate: 2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	5.51	-	substrate: phenylglyoxal, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	9.49	-	substrate: 2-aminoacetophenone, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	9.52	-	substrate: 1,2-indandione, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	10.08	-	substrate: 2,2'-dichlorobenzil, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	12.58	-	substrate: 2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	16.13	-	substrate: ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	21.96	-	substrate: 1,2-naphthoquinone, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	55.47	-	substrate: 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	64.02	-	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione, pH 10.0, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	66.99	-	substrate: isatin, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	160.12	-	substrate: methyl benzoylformate, pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	64.02	-	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione, pH 10.0, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number	Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
1.1.1.422	(+)-(1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp.	(S)-2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	(+)-(1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	(+)-(1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	the enzyme acts on a broad range of different aryl-alkyl ketones, such as haloketones, ketoamines, diketones, and ketoesters. It accepts various types of aryl groups including phenyl-, pyridyl-, thienyl-, and furyl-rings, but the presence of an aromatic ring is essential for the activity. In addition, the presence of a functional group on the alkyl chain, such as an amine, a halogen, or a ketone, is also crucial. The enzyme exhibits a strict anti-Prelog enantioselectivity. When acting on diketones, it catalyses the reduction of only the keto group closest to the ring, with no further reduction to the diol. (+)-(1S,2S)-pseudoephedrine i.e. (1S,2S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol. (S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one i.e. (S)-methcathinone	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	(1S,2S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-2-(methylamino)-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyridinylmethanone + NAD+	specifc activity: 0.2 U/mg. Product: 60% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)(pyridin-2-yl) methanol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	(S,R)-(+)-ephedrine + NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-2-methylimino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1,2-indandione + NAD+	specifc activity: 9.52 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1,2-indandione + NADH + H+	low activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	1,2-indanedione + NADH + H+	5.9% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1,2-naphthoquinone + NAD+	specifc activity: 21.96 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1,2-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+	13.7% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1,2-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+	low activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione + NAD+	specifc activity: 55.47 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-phenylacetylcarbinol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione + NADH + H+	34.6% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate. (S)-Phenylacetylcarbinol is formed with more than 99% yield and more than 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp.	(S)-phenylacetylcarbinol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-phenylacetylcarbinol + NAD+	-	r
1.1.1.422	2,2'-dichlorobenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 10.08 U/mg. Product: 97% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2S)-1,2--bis(2-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2,2'-dichlorobenzil + NADH + H+	6.2% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2,2'-dichlorobenzil + NADH + H+	low activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	2,2'-furil + NAD+	specifc activity: 0.66 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2S)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2,2'-thenil + NAD+	specifc activity: 0.58 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2S)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(thiophen-2-yl)ethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-aminoacetophenone + NAD+	specifc activity: 9.49 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1S)-2-amino-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-aminoacetophenone + NADH + H+	5.9% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate. The (S)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-aminoacetophenone + NADH + H+	low activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone + NAD+	specifc activity: 12.58 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R,S)-2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)propan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone + NADH + H+	7.8% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	2-bromoacetophenone + NAD+	specifc activity: 3.75 U/mg. Product: 37% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1S)-2-bromo-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-bromoacetophenone + NADH + H+	2.3% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate. The (S)-enantiomer is formed with 37% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane + NAD+	specifc activity: 5.41 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R,S)-2-chloro-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone + NADH + H+	3.3% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	4,4'-difluorobenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 1.5 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2S)-1,2-bis(4fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	4,4'-dimethylbenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 2.93 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2S)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-methylphenyl)ethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	4-chlorobenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 5.26 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	4-chlorobenzil + NADH + H+	3.2% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	benzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 2.4 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2S)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	benzil + NADH + H+	1.4% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate + NAD+	specifc activity: 16.13 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	ethyl (R,S)-2-chloro-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate + NADH + H+	10% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate + NADH + H+	low activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	isatin + NAD+	specifc activity: 66.99 U/mg. Product: 89% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	isatin + NADH + H+	41.8% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate. The (S)-enantiomer is formed with 89% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	isatin + NADH + H+	high activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	methyl benzoylformate + NAD+	specifc activity: 160.12 U/mg. Product: 99% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	methyl (2S)-hydroxy(phenyl)acetate + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	methyl benzoylformate + NADH + H+	substrate with highest activity. The (S)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.422	methyl benzoylformate + NADH + H+	high activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.1.1.422	additional information	no activity with: acetophenone,2-thenoylacetonitrile, 2-chloroacetophenone, 3-chloropropiophenone, 1-phensyl-1,3-butanedione, 1-phenyl-1-propanone	Arthrobacter sp.	?	-	?
1.1.1.422	additional information	enzyme PseDH is specific for the enantioselective oxidation of (S,S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine and (S,R)-(+)-ephedrine. Anti-prelog stereospecific PseDH catalyzes the regio- and enantiospecific reduction of 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione to (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol with full conversion and enantiomeric excess of over 99%. In addition, the enzyme performs the reduction of a wide range of aryl-aliphatic carbonyl compounds, including ketoamines, ketoesters, and haloketones, to the corresponding enantiopure alcohols. The enzyme performs the reduction of aromatic ketones with a strict regioselectivity for the first carbonyl function on the alpha-position close to the aromatic ring. Substrate specificity and stereochemistry, overview. No activity with 2-thenoylacetonitrile, 2-chloroacetophenone, 3-chloropropiophenone, 1-phenyl-1-propanone, acetophenone, and 1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione. Poor activity with 4,4'-dimethylbenzil, 4-(chlorophenyl)-2-pyridinylmethanone, phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone, 4-chlorobenzil, 2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone, phenylglyoxal, 2-bromoacetophenone, benzil, 2,2'-thenil, 2,2'-furil, and 4,4'-difluorobenzil	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	-
1.1.1.422	phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone + NAD+	specifc activity: 0.04 U/mg. Product: 5% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-phenyl(pyridin-1-yl)methynol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	phenylglyoxal + NAD+	specifc activity: 5.51 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R,S)-hydroxy(phenyl)acetaldehyde + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.422	phenylglyoxal + NADH + H+	3.4% of the activity as compared to methyl benzoylformate	Arthrobacter sp.	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	(-)-(1R,2S)-ephedrine + NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	(-)-(1R,2S)-ephedrine + NAD+	the enzyme acts on a broad range of different aryl-alkyl ketones, such as haloketones, ketoamines, diketones, and ketoesters. It accepts various types of aryl groups including phenyl-, pyridyl-, thienyl-, and furyl-rings, but the presence of an aromatic ring is essential for the activity. In addition, the presence of a functional group on the alkyl chain, such as an amine, a halogen, or a ketone, is also crucial. The enzyme exhibits a strict Prelog enantioselectivity. When acting on diketones, it catalyses the reduction of only the keto group closest to the ring, with no further reduction to the diol. (-)-(1R,2S)-ephedrine i.e. (1R,2S)-1-phenyl-1-hydroxy-2-methylaminopropane. (S)-2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one i.e. (S)-methcathinone	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-2-methylamino-1-phenylpropan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyridinylmethanone + NAD+	specifc activity: 1.74 U/mg. Product: 70% (S) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(S)-(4-chlorophenyl)(pyridin-2-yl)methanol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	(4-chlorophenyl)-2-pyridinylmethanone + NADH + H+	2.7% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 70% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)(pyridin-2-yl)methanol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1,2-indandione + NAD+	specifc 50.05 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1,2-indanedione + NADH + H+	78.1% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	1-hydroxy-1,3-dihydro-2H-inden-2-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1,2-naphthoquinone + NAD+	specifc activity: 13.89 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1,2-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+	21.7% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	1-hydroxynaphthalen-2(1H)-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione + NAD+	specifc activity: 64.02 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-phenylacetylcarbinol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione + NADH + H+	substrate with highest activity. Full conversion and enantiomeric excess of more than 99%	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-phenylacetylcarbinol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione + NAD+	specifc activity: 13.64 U/mg. Product: 98% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(4R)-4-hydroxy-4-phenylbutan-2-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione + NADH + H+	21.3% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 98% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(4R)-4-hydroxy-4-phenylbutan-2-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1-phenyl-1-propanone + NAD+	specifc activity: 1.55 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	1-phenyl-1-propanone + NADH + H+	2.4% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2,2'-dichlorobenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 27.91 U/mg. Product: 94% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-1,2-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2,2'-dichlorobenzil + NADH + H+	43.6% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 4% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-1,2-bis(2-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2,2'-furil + NAD+	specifc activity: 19.95 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethan + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2,2'-furil + NADH + H+	20% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2,2'-thenil + NAD+	specifc activity: 46.77 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(thiophen-2-yl)ethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2,2'-thenil + NADH + H+	46.8% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(thiophen-2-yl)ethan-1-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-aminoacetophenone + NAD+	specifc activity: 25.79 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-2-amino-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-aminoacetophenone + NADH + H+	40.3% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-2-amino-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone + NAD+	specifc activity: 5.1 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R,S)-2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)propan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone + NADH + H+	7.9% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)propan-1-ol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-bromoacetophenone + NAD+	specifc activity: 9.44 U/mg. Product: 85% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-2-bromo-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-bromoacetophenone + NADH + H+	14.8% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 85% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-2-bromo-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane + NAD+	specifc activity: 8.0 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R,S)-2-chloro-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone + NADH + H+	12.5% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propan-1-ol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-chloroacetophenone + NAD+	specifc activity: 8.71 U/mg. Product: 98% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-2-chloro-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-chloroacetophenone + NADH + H+	13.6% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 98% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-2-chloro-1-phenylethan-1-ol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-thenoylacetonitrile + NAD+	specifc activity: 6.87 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(3R)-3-hydroxy-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanenitril + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	2-thenoylacetonitrile + NADH + H+	6.87% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-hydroxy(thiophen-2-yl)acetonitrile + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	3-chloropropiophenone + NAD+	specifc activity: 4.45 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-3-chloro-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	3-chloropropiophenone + NADH + H+	6.9% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(1R)-3-chloro-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	4,4'-difluorobenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 48.2 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-1,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	4,4'-difluorobenzil + NADH + H+	75.3% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-1,2-bis(4-fluorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	4,4'-dimethylbenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 3.12 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-methylphenyl)ethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	4,4'-dimethylbenzil + NADH + H+	4.8% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-1,2-bis(4-methylphenyl)-2-hydroxyethan-1-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	4-chlorobenzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 6.5 U/mg. Product: 95% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	4-chlorobenzil + NADH + H+	10.2% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 58% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	benzil + NAD+	specifc activity: 47.06 U/mg. Product: 99% enantiomeric (R) excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	benzil + NADH + H+	73.5% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one + NAD+	?	?
1.1.1.423	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate + NAD+	specifc activity: 35.21 U/mg	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	ethyl (R,S)-2-chloro-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate + NADH + H+	54.9% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	ethyl 2-chloro-3-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	isatin + NAD+	specifc activity: 7.84 U/mg. Product: 52% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	? + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	isatin + NADH + H+	12.25% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 52% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(3R)-3-hydroxy-1,3-dihydro-2H-indol-2-one + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	methyl benzoylformate + NAD+	specifc activity: 46.56 U/mg. Product: 98% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	methyl (2R)-hydroxy(phenyl)acetate + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	methyl benzoylformate + NADH + H+	72.7% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 98% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	methyl (2S)-hydroxy(phenyl)acetate + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone + NAD+	specifc activity: 2.81 U/mg. Product: 24% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanol + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone + NADH + H+	4.4% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 24% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-phenyl(pyridin-2-yl)methanol + NAD+	-	?
1.1.1.423	phenylglyoxal + NAD+	specifc activity: 12.1 U/mg. Product: 99% (R) enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-hydroxy(phenyl)acetaldehyde + NADH + H+	-	?
1.1.1.423	phenylglyoxal + NADH + H+	18.9% of the activity as compared to 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione. The (R)-enantiomer is formed with 99% enantiomeric excess	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(2R)-hydroxy(phenyl)acetaldehyde + NAD+	-	?
1.5.1.18	(R,R)-(-)-pseudoephedrine + NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-2-methylimino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	r
1.5.1.18	(R,S)-(-)-ephedrine + NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-2-methylimino-1-phenylpropan-1-ol + NADH + H+	-	r
1.5.1.18	1,2-indandione + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	1,2-naphthoquinone + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione + NADH + H+	high activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	(R)-phenylacetylcarbinol + NAD+	-	r
1.5.1.18	2,2'-dichlorobenzil + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	2,2'-furil + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	2,2'-thenil + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	2-aminoacetophenone + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	2-bromoacetophenone + NADH + H+	low activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	4,4'-difluorobenzil + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	benzil + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	ethyl 2-chlorobenzyolacetate + NADH + H+	low activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	methylbenzoyl formate + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r
1.5.1.18	additional information	enzyme EDH is specific for the enantioselective oxidation of (-)-(R) N-(pseudo)ephedrine. Prelog-specific EDH catalyzes the regio- and enantiospecific reduction of 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione to (R)-phenylacetylcarbinol with full conversion and enantiomeric excess of over 99%. In addition, the enzyme performs the reduction of a wide range of aryl-aliphatic carbonyl compounds, including ketoamines, ketoesters, and haloketones, to the corresponding enantiopure alcohols. The enzyme performs the reduction of aromatic ketones with a strict regioselectivity for the first carbonyl function on the alpha-position close to the aromatic ring. Substrate specificity and stereochemistry, overview. No activity with acetophenone, poor activity with 4,4-dimethylbenzil, 2-thenoylacetonitrile, 4-(chlorophenyl)-2-pyridinylmethanone, phenyl-2-pyridinylmethanone, 2-chloroacetophenone, 3-chloropropiophenone, 1-phenyl-1-propanone, 4-chlorobenzil, 2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone, 2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone, and isatin	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	-
1.5.1.18	phenylglyoxal + NADH + H+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15	?	-	r

Subunits

EC Number	Subunits	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	dimer	2 * 33000, SDS-PAGE, the smallest oligomeric state seemed to be a dimer, the predominant oligomeric states are the tetramer and octamer	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	dimer	2 * 33000, smallest active oligomer is a dimer, the largest oligomeric state is a dodecamer, SDS-PAGE	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	octamer	8 * 33000, SDS-PAGE, the smallest oligomeric state seemed to be a dimer, the predominant oligomeric states are the tetramer and octamer	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	tetramer	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	tetramer	4 * 33000, SDS-PAGE, the smallest oligomeric state seemed to be a dimer, the predominant oligomeric states are the tetramer and octamer	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.423	dimer	4 * 27000, SDS-PAGE, the smallest oligomeric state seems to be a dimer, the predominant oligomeric state is the tetramer	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	tetramer	4 * 27000, SDS-PAGE, the smallest oligomeric state seems to be a dimer, the predominant oligomeric state is the tetramer	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	tetramer	4 * 27000, the enzyme tends to form higher oligomeric states, up to a hexadecamer, SDS-PAGE	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Synonyms

EC Number	Synonyms	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	PseDH	-	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	PseDH	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	EDH	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	EDH	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number	Temperature Optimum [°C]	Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	35	-	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	35	-	substrate: 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	35	-	reduction of 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	70	-	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	70	-	reduction of 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Temperature Range [°C]

EC Number	Temperature Minimum [°C]	Temperature Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	10	45	activity range, profile overview	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	15	40	15°C: about 40% of maximal activity, 40°C: about 65% of maximal activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	20	40	20°C: about 50% of maximal activity, 40°C: about 70% of maximal activity, substrate: 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.423	55	75	55°C: about 40% of maximal activity, 75°C: about 75% of maximal activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	65	75	65°C: about 55% of maximal activity, 75°C: about 75% of maximal activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	25	75	activity range, profile overview	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number	Temperature Stability Minimum [°C]	Temperature Stability Maximum [°C]	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	15	-	half-life: 379.4 h	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	15	-	half-life: 379.4 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	15	25	PseDH exhibits a reasonable stability in the range of 15 to 25°C with half-lives of 379.4 and 279.7 h, respectively	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	25	-	half-life: 279.7 h	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	25	-	half-life: 279.9 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	40	-	half-life: 0.78 h	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	40	-	half-life: 0.78 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	40	-	rapid enzyme PseDH deactivation was observed at 40°C (t1/2 of 0.78 h)	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	5	-	half-life: 2.6 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	25	-	half-life: 38.3 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	40	-	half-life: 82.8 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	15	25	EDH has a half-life of 36-38 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	40	-	EDH has a half-life of 76 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	50	-	EDH has a half-life of about 5 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number	Turnover Number Minimum [1/s]	Turnover Number Maximum [1/s]	Substrate	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	3.75	-	4-chlorobenzil	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	3.75	-	4-chlorobenzil	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	3.8	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	3.8	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	5.44	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	5.44	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	6.55	-	1,2-indanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	6.55	-	1,2-indandione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	9.52	-	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	9.52	-	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	9.89	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	9.89	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	12.76	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	12.76	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	34.24	-	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	34.24	-	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	34.24	-	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	43.95	-	isatin	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	43.95	-	isatin	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	109.18	-	methyl benzoylformate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	109.18	-	methyl benzoylformate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.77	-	1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	2.54	-	2-bromo-1-(3-chlorophenyl)-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	3.48	-	4-chlorobenzil	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	4.36	-	isatin	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	7.31	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	7.31	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	7.94	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	9.49	-	Phenylglyoxal	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	15.37	-	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	15.74	-	NADH	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	27.12	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	27.13	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	30.43	-	1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	31.11	-	1,2-indanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	31.11	-	1,2-indandione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	37.38	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	40.05	-	methyl benzoylformate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	7.94	-	1,2-naphthoquinone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	9.49	-	Phenylglyoxal	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	15.37	-	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	27.13	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	30.43	-	1-phenylpropan-1,2-dione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	31.11	-	1,2-indandione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	37.38	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	40.05	-	methylbenzoyl formate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

pH Optimum

EC Number	pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	6.5	-	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	6.5	-	reduction activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	6.5	-	substrate: 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	10	-	oxidation activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	6	-	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	6	-	reduction activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	10	-	oxidation activity	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

pH Stability

EC Number	pH Stability	pH Stability Maximum	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	6	8	highest stability (t1/2: 113-193 h)	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	6	8	highest stability, t1/2: 113-193 h. Outside this pH range, the stability of the enzyme dropps rapidly to under 10 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	6	8	half-life over 100 h within this range, profile overview	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	7.5	8.5	highest stability	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	7.5	8.5	t1/2: 34-21 h	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	7.5	8.5	half-life is about 38 h at pH 8.0, and about 10 h at pH 7.0 and pH 9.0, profile overview	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Cofactor

EC Number	Cofactor	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	NAD+	the enzyme displays no apparent activity with NADP(H) and full catalytic activity with NAD(H). A model of the active site in complex with NAD+ and 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione suggests key roles for S143 and W152 in recognition of the substrate and positioning for the reduction reaction	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	NAD+	no apparent activity with NADP(H)+ and full catalytic activity with NAD(H). The preference for NADH makes the utilization of the enzyme an attractive for industrial applications, since NADH is more stable and less expensive than NADPH under operational reaction conditions	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	NADH	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	NADH	the enzyme displays no apparent activity with NADP(H) and full catalytic activity with NAD(H)	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	NADH	no apparent activity with NADP(H)+ and full catalytic activity with NAD(H). The preference for NADH makes the utilization of the enzyme an attractive for industrial applications, since NADH is more stable and less expensive than NADPH under operational reaction conditions	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	NAD+	no apparent activity with NADP(H)+ and full catalytic activity with NAD(H). The preference for NADH makes the utilization of the enzyme an attractive for industrial applications, since NADH is more stable and less expensive than NADPH under operational reaction conditions	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	NADH	no apparent activity with NADP(H)+ and full catalytic activity with NAD(H). The preference for NADH makes the utilization of the enzyme an attractive for industrial applications, since NADH is more stable and less expensive than NADPH under operational reaction conditions	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	NAD+	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	NADH	-	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

Ki Value [mM]

EC Number	Ki Value [mM]	Ki Value maximum [mM]	Inhibitor	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	23.05	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp.
1.1.1.422	23.05	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.1	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.1	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propane	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.16	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	0.26	-	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	1.46	-	methyl benzoylformate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.423	1.53	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.1	-	2-chloro-1-phenyl-1-propanone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.16	-	ethyl 2-chlorobenzoylacetate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	0.26	-	1-Phenyl-1,3-butanedione	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	1.46	-	methylbenzoyl formate	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	1.53	-	2-aminoacetophenone	pH 7.5, 25°C	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15

General Information

EC Number	General Information	Comment	Organism
1.1.1.422	evolution	ephedrine dehydrogenase (EDH) from Arthrobacter sp. TS-15 is an NADH-dependent member of the oxidoreductase superfamily of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs)	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.1.1.422	additional information	a model of the active site in complex with NAD+ and 1-phenyl-1,2-propanedione suggests key roles for S143 and W152 in recognition of the substrate and positioning for the reduction reaction. The typical catalytic tetrad of the superfamily SDR consisting of N113, S141, Y155, and K159 residues. K159 interacts with the nicotinamide ribose of the cofactor and decreases the pKa of the -OH group of Y155 initiating the hydrogen transfer. Y155 acts as catalytic base, and S141 stabilizes the substrate. N113 interacts with K159 via a water molecule to create a network of hydrogen bonds between cofactor, catalytic side chains, and water molecules	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15
1.5.1.18	evolution	ephedrine dehydrogenase (EDH) from Arthrobacter sp. TS-15 is an NADH-dependent member of the oxidoreductase superfamily of short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs)	Arthrobacter sp. TS-15