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Literature summary extracted from

  • Uemit Uenal, M.; Sener, A.
    Effect of harvest year on biochemical properties of Narince grape (Vitis vinifera l. cv. Narince) polyphenol oxidase (2014), Eur. Food Res. Technol., 238, 613-619 .
No PubMed abstract available

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 ascorbic acid 50% and 78% inhibition at 1 mM for the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007, respectively Vitis vinifera
1.14.18.1 L-cysteine 52% and 76% inhibition at 1 mM for the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007, respectively Vitis vinifera
1.14.18.1 additional information no inhibition by citric acid. The mode of action of inhibitors differs from each other. Ascorbic acid and metabisulfite are reducing agents, which can either reduce o-quinones to colourless diphenols or react irreversibly with o-quinones to form stable colourless Vitis vinifera
1.14.18.1 Sodium metabisulfite 49% and 74% inhibition at 1 mM for the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007, respectively Vitis vinifera

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.14.18.1 chloroplast
-
Vitis vinifera 9507
-
1.14.18.1 thylakoid membrane
-
Vitis vinifera 42651
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.14.18.1 Cu2+ a copper-containing enzyme Vitis vinifera

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.14.18.1 additional information Vitis vinifera polyphenol oxidase is a copper-containing enzyme that, in the presence of oxygen, catalyses the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (cresolase activity) and the oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones (catecholase activity) ?
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.14.18.1 Vitis vinifera
-
cv. Narince, harvested from the Anatolia plateau south of the mountains near the Black Sea shores, Tokat Province
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.14.18.1 berry
-
Vitis vinifera
-
1.14.18.1 fruit
-
Vitis vinifera
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.14.18.1 2 4-methylcatechol + O2
-
Vitis vinifera 2 4-methyl-1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
?
1.14.18.1 2 catechol + O2
-
Vitis vinifera 2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O
-
?
1.14.18.1 caffeic acid + O2
-
Vitis vinifera ? + 2 H2O
-
?
1.14.18.1 additional information polyphenol oxidase is a copper-containing enzyme that, in the presence of oxygen, catalyses the hydroxylation of monophenols to o-diphenols (cresolase activity) and the oxidation of o-diphenols to their corresponding o-quinones (catecholase activity) Vitis vinifera ?
-
?
1.14.18.1 additional information substrate specificity in descendent order of activity from Vmax/Km: caffeic acid, 4-methylcatechol, catechol, pyrogallol Vitis vinifera ?
-
?
1.14.18.1 pyrogallol + O2
-
Vitis vinifera ? + 2 H2O
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 polyphenol oxidase
-
Vitis vinifera
1.14.18.1 PPO
-
Vitis vinifera

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 45
-
-
Vitis vinifera

Temperature Range [°C]

EC Number Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 20 70 over 50% of maximal activity within this range Vitis vinifera

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 70
-
half-lives of the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007 are 57 min and 28 min, respectively Vitis vinifera
1.14.18.1 75
-
half-lives of the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007 are 28 min and 13 min, respectively Vitis vinifera
1.14.18.1 80
-
half-lives of the cv. Narince samples from 2006 and 2007 are 13 min and 4 min, respectively Vitis vinifera

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 5.5
-
-
Vitis vinifera

pH Range

EC Number pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 3.4 6.3 over 50% of maximal activity within this range Vitis vinifera

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.14.18.1 physiological function in plants, PPO is predominantly located in the chloroplast thylakoid membranes, and its phenolic substrates are mainly located in the vacuoles but, following any treatment that damages the cells, the enzyme and substrates may come into contact, leading to rapid oxidation of the phenols Vitis vinifera