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Literature summary extracted from

  • Yang, J.; Liu, Y.; Huang, J.; Li, J.; Shi, Y.; Liu, Y.
    Accumulation of vitamin C and enhanced tolerance to iron deficiency stress in transgenic tomato with GalUR gene (2013), Adv. Mater. Res., 749, 277-282 .
No PubMed abstract available

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.365 gene GalUR, recombinant stable overexpression in Solanum lycopersicum cv. Zhongshu 4 leaves and fruits via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain C58C1 transfection method using the pCB302-3 vector and CaMV 35S promoter, reverse transcriptase-PCR expression analysis. The transgenic plants show 2.2-2.5fold increased enzyme activity compared to wild-type Fragaria x ananassa

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.1.1.365 additional information stable overexpressing the Fragaria GalUR gene results in 2.6fold increase of ascorbate in fruits and 1.6fold increase of ascorbate in leaves compared to non-transformed wild-type tomato, the levels of ascorbate are positively correlated with increased GalUR activity. The transgenic plants show enhanced tolerance to iron deficiency compared to wild-type plants. Under Fe(II) deficiency condition the plant height of transgenic plants is 1.2-1.7times higher, the ascorbate content is 1.8-2.8times higher, and the Fe2+ content is 1.1-1.4times higher compared to wild-type Fragaria x ananassa

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.365 D-galacturonate + NADPH + H+ Fragaria x ananassa
-
 L-galactonate + NADP+
-
 r

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.365 Fragaria x ananassa O49133 Fragaria chiloensis x Fragaria virginiana
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.1.1.365 fruit
-
 Fragaria x ananassa
-
1.1.1.365 leaf
-
 Fragaria x ananassa
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.365 D-galacturonate + NADPH + H+
-
 Fragaria x ananassa L-galactonate + NADP+
-
 r

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.1.1.365 GalUR
-
 Fragaria x ananassa

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.365 NADP+
-
 Fragaria x ananassa
1.1.1.365 NADPH
-
 Fragaria x ananassa

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.1.1.365 metabolism D-galacturonate reductase (GalUR) is important in the ascorbic acid biosynthetic pathway Fragaria x ananassa
1.1.1.365 physiological function D-galacturonate reductase (GalUR) plays a prominent role in the regulation of the ascorbate biosynthetic pathway. The overexpression of gene GalUR gene enhances the level of ascorbate and Fe(II) of transgenic tomato plants which show better growth than wild-type plants under iron stresses. Ascorbate is a cofactor for many enzymes and affects the expression of genes involved in defense signaling pathways. It plays an important role as an antioxidant and protects the plant during oxidative damage by scavenging free radicals and reactive oxygen species that are generated during photosynthesis, oxidative metabolism and various abiotic stresses including excess light, soil water stress, UV-B radiation, and ozone Fragaria x ananassa