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Literature summary extracted from

  • Preisner, M.; Kulma, A.; Zebrowski, J.; Dyminska, L.; Hanuza, J.; Arendt, M.; Starzycki, M.; Szopa, J.
    Manipulating cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) expression in flax affects fibre composition and properties (2014), BMC Plant Biol., 14, 50.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
1.1.1.195 additional information CAD is a useful tool to improve lignin digestibility and/or to lower the lignin levels in plants. Enzyme knockout modification targeted directly to block lignin synthesis causes not only reduced lignin level in fibre, but also affects amount and organization of cellulose and pectin. The process of retting in the transgenic straw is more uniform, which might contribute to an improvement in the fibre quality. Such plants can be successfully cultivated in a field Linum usitatissimum

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.195 gene CAD, phylogenetic analysis and tree Linum usitatissimum

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.1.1.195 additional information CAD down-regulation does not lead to the accumulation of lignin precursors, evaluated composition and properties of flax fibre from plants with silenced CAD gene. CAD downregulation does not disturb at all or has only slight effect on flax plants' development in vivo, while the resistance against flax major pathogen Fusarium oxysporum decreases slightly. The modification positively affects fibre possessing, it results in more uniform retting. Even if the overall retting time is not shortened, CAD straw is colonized by microorganisms much quicker, and the pectin degradation enzymes act effectively from the very beginning of the retting. The process of retting in the transgenic straw is more uniform, which might contribute to an improvement in the fibre quality Linum usitatissimum

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.1.1.195 cell wall
-
 Linum usitatissimum 5618
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.195 cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum
-
 cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum Nike
-
 cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 coniferyl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum
-
 coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 coniferyl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum Nike
-
 coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 p-coumaryl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum
-
 p-coumaryl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 p-coumaryl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum Nike
-
 p-coumaryl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 sinapyl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum
-
 sinapyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 sinapyl alcohol + NADP+ Linum usitatissimum Nike
-
 sinapyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.195 Linum usitatissimum Q1HGA8
-
-
1.1.1.195 Linum usitatissimum Nike Q1HGA8
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.1.1.195 stem
-
 Linum usitatissimum
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.195 cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 cinnamyl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum Nike cinnamaldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 coniferyl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 coniferyl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum Nike coniferyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 p-coumaryl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum p-coumaryl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 p-coumaryl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum Nike p-coumaryl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 sinapyl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum sinapyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r
1.1.1.195 sinapyl alcohol + NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum Nike sinapyl aldehyde + NADPH + H+
-
 r

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.1.1.195 CAD
-
 Linum usitatissimum
1.1.1.195 cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase
-
 Linum usitatissimum

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.195 NADP+
-
 Linum usitatissimum
1.1.1.195 NADPH
-
 Linum usitatissimum

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.1.1.195 evolution flax CAD belongs to the bona-fide CAD family, phylogenetic analysis Linum usitatissimum
1.1.1.195 malfunction CAD downregulation does not disturb at all or has only slight effect on flax plants' development in vivo, while the resistance against flax major pathogen Fusarium oxysporum decreases slightly. The modification positively affects fibre possessing, it results in more uniform retting Linum usitatissimum
1.1.1.195 metabolism cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase is a key enzyme in the lignin biosynthesis, lignin biosynthesis pathway within the phenylpropanoid route, overview Linum usitatissimum