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Literature summary extracted from

  • Lietz, G.; Oxley, A.; Boesch-Saadatmandi, C.; Kobayashi, D.
    Importance of beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1 (BCMO1) and beta,beta-carotene 9,10-dioxygenase 2 (BCDO2) in nutrition and health (2012), Mol. Nutr. Food Res., 56, 241-250.
    View publication on PubMed

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.13.11.63 additional information mutations in any of the four conserved histidine residues His172, His237, His308 and His514 or Glu405 result in the total loss of BCMO1 activity Mus musculus

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.13.11.63 cytosol
-
Homo sapiens 5829
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre Drosophila melanogaster
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre Danio rerio
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre Homo sapiens
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre Gallus gallus
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre Oryctolagus cuniculus
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre Rattus norvegicus
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre Cavia porcellus
1.13.11.63 Fe2+ the enzyme requires Fe2+ as an essential cofactor that binds to four conserved histidine residues in the active centre. Fe2+ is coordinated by the four histidines, water and molecular oxygen forming an octahedral arrangement with cation-pi stabilisation by Y235 and Y326 in the BCMO1 active site Mus musculus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Drosophila melanogaster
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Danio rerio
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Mus musculus
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Homo sapiens
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Gallus gallus
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Oryctolagus cuniculus
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Rattus norvegicus
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Cavia porcellus
-
2 all-trans-retinal
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.13.11.63 Cavia porcellus H0VRY9
-
-
1.13.11.63 Danio rerio
-
-
-
1.13.11.63 Drosophila melanogaster
-
-
-
1.13.11.63 Gallus gallus Q9I993
-
-
1.13.11.63 Homo sapiens Q9HAY6
-
-
1.13.11.63 Mus musculus Q9JJS6
-
-
1.13.11.63 Mustela putorius furo
-
-
-
1.13.11.63 no activity in Arabidopsis thaliana
-
-
-
1.13.11.63 no activity in Zea mays
-
-
-
1.13.11.63 Oryctolagus cuniculus G1SEP0
-
-
1.13.11.63 Rattus norvegicus Q91XT5
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.13.11.63 adipocyte
-
Mus musculus
-
1.13.11.63 adrenal gland
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 ciliary body
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 colon
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 duodenum
-
Mus musculus
-
1.13.11.63 eye
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 gland
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 hepatic stellate cell
-
Mus musculus
-
1.13.11.63 hepatocyte
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 intestinal mucosa
-
Mus musculus
-
1.13.11.63 intestinal mucosa
-
Mustela putorius furo
-
1.13.11.63 intestinal mucosa
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 intestinal mucosa
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus
-
1.13.11.63 intestinal mucosa
-
Rattus norvegicus
-
1.13.11.63 intestinal mucosa
-
Cavia porcellus
-
1.13.11.63 jejunum
-
Mus musculus
-
1.13.11.63 keratinocyte of skin squamous epithelium Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 kidney
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 liver
-
Mus musculus
-
1.13.11.63 lung
-
Mus musculus
-
1.13.11.63 mammary gland
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 ovary
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 pancreas cells comprising the exocrine gland Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 prostate glandular cells Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 retinal pigment epithelium
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 skeletal muscle
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 small intestine
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 stomach mucosal and glandular cells Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 testis
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 uterine endometrium
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.63 white adipose tissue
-
Mus musculus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.13.11.63 3',4'-dehydro-18'-oxo-gamma-carotene + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 9,13-dicis-beta-carotene + O2
-
Rattus norvegicus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 9-13-dicis-beta-carotene + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 alpha-carotene + O2
-
Gallus gallus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 alpha-carotene + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 alpha-carotene + O2
-
Rattus norvegicus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-10'-carotenal + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-10'-carotenal + O2
-
Rattus norvegicus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-12'-carotenal + O2
-
Rattus norvegicus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-4'-carotenal + O2
-
Gallus gallus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-4'-carotenal + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-8'-carotenal + O2
-
Gallus gallus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-8'-carotenal + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-8'-carotenal + O2
-
Rattus norvegicus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Drosophila melanogaster 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Danio rerio 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Mus musculus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Homo sapiens 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Gallus gallus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Rattus norvegicus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
Cavia porcellus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Drosophila melanogaster 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Danio rerio 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Mus musculus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Homo sapiens 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Gallus gallus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Oryctolagus cuniculus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Rattus norvegicus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 BCMO1 cleaves at the central 15,15' position of the polyene chain producing two molecules of retinal Cavia porcellus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-cryptoxanthin + O2
-
Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-cryptoxanthin + O2
-
Gallus gallus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-cryptoxanthin + O2
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 beta-cryptoxanthin + O2
-
Rattus norvegicus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 gamma-carotene + O2
-
Gallus gallus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview Drosophila melanogaster ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview Danio rerio ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview Mustela putorius furo ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview. BCMO1 requires at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring for the cleavage of carotenoid substrates, but also the presence and position of methyl groups on the polyene chain are important. Therefore, activity is limited mainly to alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-apo-carotenals and beta-cryptoxanthin Mus musculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview. BCMO1 requires at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring for the cleavage of carotenoid substrates, but also the presence and position of methyl groups on the polyene chain are important. Therefore, activity is limited mainly to alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-apo-carotenals and beta-cryptoxanthin Homo sapiens ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview. BCMO1 requires at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring for the cleavage of carotenoid substrates, but also the presence and position of methyl groups on the polyene chain are important. Therefore, activity is limited mainly to alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-apo-carotenals and beta-cryptoxanthin. Specificity of BCMO1 towards substrates decreased in the order: beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, beta-apo-8'-carotenal, beta-apo-4'-carotenal, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene Rattus norvegicus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview. BCMO1 requires at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring for the cleavage of carotenoid substrates, but also the presence and position of methyl groups on the polyene chain are important. Therefore, activity is limited mainly to alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-apo-carotenals and beta-cryptoxanthin. Specificity of BCMO1 towards substrates decreases in the order: beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, beta-apo-8'-carotenal, beta-apo-4'-carotenal, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene Gallus gallus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview. BCMO1 requires at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring for the cleavage of carotenoid substrates, but also the presence and position of methyl groups on the polyene chain are important. Therefore, activity is limited mainly to alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-apo-carotenals and beta-cryptoxanthin. Specificity of BCMO1 towards substrates decreases in the order: beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, beta-apo-8'-carotenal, beta-apo-4'-carotenal, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene Oryctolagus cuniculus ?
-
?
1.13.11.63 additional information substrate specificity for BCMO1, overview. BCMO1 requires at least one unsubstituted beta-ionone ring for the cleavage of carotenoid substrates, but also the presence and position of methyl groups on the polyene chain are important. Therefore, activity is limited mainly to alpha- and beta-carotene, beta-apo-carotenals and beta-cryptoxanthin. Specificity of BCMO1 towards substrates decreases in the order: beta-carotene, beta-cryptoxanthin, beta-apo-8'-carotenal, beta-apo-4'-carotenal, alpha-carotene, gamma-carotene Cavia porcellus ?
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.13.11.63 Bcmo1
-
Mus musculus
1.13.11.63 Bcmo1
-
Mustela putorius furo
1.13.11.63 Bcmo1
-
Homo sapiens
1.13.11.63 Bcmo1
-
Gallus gallus
1.13.11.63 Bcmo1
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus
1.13.11.63 Bcmo1
-
Rattus norvegicus
1.13.11.63 Bcmo1
-
Cavia porcellus
1.13.11.63 Bcox
-
Danio rerio
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Drosophila melanogaster
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Danio rerio
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Mus musculus
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Mustela putorius furo
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Homo sapiens
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Gallus gallus
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Oryctolagus cuniculus
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Rattus norvegicus
1.13.11.63 beta,beta-carotene 15,15-monooxygenase 1
-
Cavia porcellus
1.13.11.63 NinaB
-
Drosophila melanogaster