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Literature summary extracted from

  • Amengual, J.; Widjaja-Adhi, M.A.; Rodriguez-Santiago, S.; Hessel, S.; Golczak, M.; Palczewski, K.; von Lintig, J.
    Two carotenoid-oxygenases contribute to mammalian pro-vitamin A metabolism (2013), J. Biol. Chem., 288, 34081-34096.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
1.13.11.63 synthesis stepwise cleavage by BCO2, i.e. beta-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase, and BCO1 with beta-apo-10'-carotenol as an intermediate can provide a mechanism to tailor asymmetric carotenoids such as beta-cryptoxanthin for vitamin A production Mus musculus

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.13.11.71 expressed in Escherichia coli Mus musculus

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.13.11.63 additional information subjection of wild type, Bco1-/-, Bco2-/-, and Bco1-/-/Bco2-/- double knock-out mice to a controlled diet providing beta-carotene as the sole source for apocarotenoid production Mus musculus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-10'-carotenol + O2 Mus musculus beta-apo-10'-carotenol is the major long-chain beta-apocarotenoid in mouse liver ?
-
 ?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2 Mus musculus
-
 2 all-trans-retinal
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.13.11.63 Mus musculus Q9JJS6
-
-
1.13.11.71 Mus musculus
-
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.13.11.63 liver
-
 Mus musculus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.13.11.63 beta-apo-10'-carotenol + O2 beta-apo-10'-carotenol is the major long-chain beta-apocarotenoid in mouse liver Mus musculus ?
-
 ?
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene + O2
-
 Mus musculus 2 all-trans-retinal
-
 ?
1.13.11.63 additional information symmetric cleavage by BCO1 yields retinoids, i.e. beta-15'-apocarotenoids, C20 Mus musculus ?
-
 ?
1.13.11.71 beta-cryptoxanthin + O2 main clevage product is beta-apo-10'-carotenal only small amounts of 3-OH-beta-apocarotenal are formed Mus musculus beta-apo-10'-carotenal + ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.13.11.63 BCO1
-
 Mus musculus
1.13.11.63 beta-carotene-15,15'-oxygenase
-
 Mus musculus
1.13.11.71 BCO2
-
 Mus musculus
1.13.11.71 beta-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase
-
 Mus musculus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.13.11.71 28
-
 assay at Mus musculus

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.13.11.71 malfunction using BCO2 knock out mice it is shown that BCO2 catalyzes beta-apocarotenoid production in vivo. Bco2-/- mice show a significant hepatic accumulation of beta-cryptoxanthin as compared to Bco1-/- and wild-type mice Mus musculus
1.14.99.36 malfunction genetic disruption of BCO1 results in beta-carotene accumulation and vitamin A deficiency accompanied by a BCO2-dependent production of minor amounts of beta-apo-10'-carotenol, which can be esterified and transported by the same proteins as vitamin A but with a lower affinity and slower reaction kinetics. all-trans-Retinol treatment of vitamin A-deprived Bco1-/- mice decreases hepatic retinol-binding protein levels Mus musculus
1.14.99.36 physiological function beta-carotene-15,15'-oxygenase BCO1, but not beta-carotene-9',10'-oxygenase BCO2, is critical for retinoid homeostasis. In wild-type mice, beta-apo-10'-carotenol is converted to retinoids by BCO1 Mus musculus