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Literature summary extracted from

  • Steiger, M.G.; Blumhoff, M.L.; Mattanovich, D.; Sauer, M.
    Biochemistry of microbial itaconic acid production (2013), Front. Microbiol., 4, 23.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
4.1.1.6 gene cadA, heterologous functional expression in citric acid producing Aspergillus niger under various constitutive promoters of different expression strength, heterologous expression of the gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Aspergillus terreus

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
4.1.1.6 additional information a truncated version of the Aspergillus niger pfkA gene exhibits a higher citric acid yield due to a reduced inhibition by citrate and ATP, the truncated pfkA version has also a positive impact on the itaconic acid accumulation when expressed in Aspergillus terreus Aspergillus terreus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
4.1.1.6 2.45
-
cis-aconitate pH 6.2, 37°C Aspergillus terreus

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
4.1.1.6 cytosol
-
Aspergillus terreus 5829
-
4.1.1.6 cytosol
-
Aspergillus itaconicus 5829
-

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
4.1.1.6 55000
-
x * 55000, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE Aspergillus terreus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate Aspergillus terreus
-
itaconate + CO2
-
?
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate Aspergillus itaconicus
-
itaconate + CO2
-
?
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate Aspergillus terreus NRRL1960
-
itaconate + CO2
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
4.1.1.6 Aspergillus itaconicus
-
gene cadA
-
4.1.1.6 Aspergillus terreus
-
gene cadA
-
4.1.1.6 Aspergillus terreus NRRL1960
-
gene cadA
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
4.1.1.6 additional information production of itaconic acid is achieved by the fermentation with Aspergillus terreus on sugar-containing media Aspergillus terreus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate
-
Aspergillus terreus itaconate + CO2
-
?
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate
-
Aspergillus itaconicus itaconate + CO2
-
?
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate
-
Aspergillus terreus NRRL1960 itaconate + CO2
-
?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
4.1.1.6 ? x * 55000, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE Aspergillus terreus

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
4.1.1.6 CadA
-
Aspergillus terreus
4.1.1.6 CadA
-
Aspergillus itaconicus
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate decarboxylase
-
Aspergillus terreus
4.1.1.6 cis-aconitate decarboxylase
-
Aspergillus itaconicus
4.1.1.6 cis-Aconitic acid decarboxylase
-
Aspergillus terreus
4.1.1.6 cis-Aconitic acid decarboxylase
-
Aspergillus itaconicus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
4.1.1.6 37
-
-
Aspergillus terreus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
4.1.1.6 6.2
-
-
Aspergillus terreus

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
4.1.1.6 evolution the enzyme belongs to the MmgE/PrpD family Aspergillus terreus
4.1.1.6 metabolism in the first steps of the citric acid cycle, citrate and cis-aconitate are formed, the enzymes preceding in the pathway, namely citrate synthase and aconitase, are found in the mitochondria. In the last step, the only itaconic acid pathway dedicated step, cis-aconitate decarboxylase (CadA) forms itaconic acid releasing carbon dioxide in the cytosol Aspergillus terreus
4.1.1.6 metabolism in the first steps of the citric acid cycle, citrate and cis-aconitate are formed, the enzymes preceding in the pathway, namely citrate synthase and aconitase, are found in the mitochondria. In the last step, the only itaconic acid pathway dedicated step, cis-aconitate decarboxylase (CadA) forms itaconic acid releasing carbon dioxide in the cytosol Aspergillus itaconicus