EC Number | Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | ZmPAO, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, intron/exon organization, sequence comparisons, expression of His-tagged enzyme in Pichia pastoris | Zea mays |
1.5.3.16 | AtPAO1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, intron/exon organization, sequence comparisons, expression of His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli, expression of GFP-tagged AtPAO3 in Arabidopsis thaliana plants using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58C1)-mediated floral dip transformation method | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | AtPAO2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, intron/exon organization, sequence comparisons, expression of His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli, expression of GFP-tagged AtPAO3 in Arabidopsis thaliana plants using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58C1)-mediated floral dip transformation method | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | AtPAO3, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, intron/exon organization, sequence comparisons, recombinant expression as maltose-binding protein fusion protein in Escherichia coli, and expression of GFP-tagged AtPAO3 in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58C1)-mediated floral dip transformation method resulting in increased putrescine levels after feeding of exogenous spermidine | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | AtPAO4, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, intron/exon organization, sequence comparisons, expression of His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli, expression of GFP-tagged AtPAO3 in Arabidopsis thaliana plants using the Agrobacterium tumefaciens (strain C58C1)-mediated floral dip transformation method | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.17 | additional information | homozygous lines of T-DNA insertional mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana SALK_121288 for the AtPAO3 gene | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.16 | guazatine | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | guazatine | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | 0.0016 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant ZmPAO | Zea mays | |
1.5.3.16 | additional information | - |
additional information | Michaelis-Menten kinetics | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.16 | 0.12 | - |
spermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.16 | 0.47 | - |
N1-acetylspermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.16 | 5.7 | - |
thermospermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.16 | 6.9 | - |
norspermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | additional information | - |
additional information | Michaelis-Menten kinetics | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.045 | - |
norspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.047 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO4 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.05 | - |
thermospermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.139 | - |
spermidine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO4 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.233 | - |
N1-acetylspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.27 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.274 | - |
spermidine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.409 | - |
spermidine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.58 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 2 | - |
N1-acetylspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.17 | peroxisome | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | 5777 | - |
EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.17 | additional information | AtPAO4 is rapidly inactivated under high ionic strength conditions | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | spermidine + O2 + H2O | Zea mays | - |
propane-1,3-diamine + 4-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.14 | spermine + O2 + H2O | Zea mays | - |
propane-1,3-diamine + N-(3-aminopropyl)-4-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.16 | spermine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | - |
putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
spermidine + N-acetyl-3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | - |
spermidine + N-acetyl-3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermidine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
putrescine + 3-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermidine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | - |
putrescine + 3-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermine + O2 + H2O | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | - |
spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? |
EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | Zea mays | - |
- |
- |
1.5.3.16 | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
- |
- |
1.5.3.16 | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | - |
- |
- |
1.5.3.17 | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
- |
- |
1.5.3.17 | Arabidopsis thaliana | Q9LYT1 | gene AtPAO3 | - |
1.5.3.17 | Arabidopsis thaliana | Q9SKX5 | - |
- |
1.5.3.17 | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | - |
- |
- |
1.5.3.17 | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | Q9LYT1 | gene AtPAO3 | - |
1.5.3.17 | Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | Q9SKX5 | - |
- |
EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Pichia pastoris strain X-33 by nickel affinity chromatography | Zea mays |
1.5.3.17 | recombinant His6-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | recombinant maltose-binding protein fusion enzyme from Escherichia coli by amylose affinity chromatography | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.17 | seedling | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | additional information | the aminoaldehydes 4-aminobutanal and N-(3-aminopropyl)-4-aminobutanal are produced during ZmPAO reaction with spermidine and spermine, respectively | Zea mays | ? | - |
? | |
1.5.3.14 | spermidine + O2 + H2O | - |
Zea mays | propane-1,3-diamine + 4-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.14 | spermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Zea mays | propane-1,3-diamine + N-(3-aminopropyl)-4-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.16 | additional information | no oxidation activity with spermidine | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
1.5.3.16 | N1-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.16 | N1-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | spermidine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.16 | norspermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
1.5.3.16 | spermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.16 | thermospermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermidine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | putrescine + 3-acetamidopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | spermidine + N-acetyl-3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | N1-acetylspermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | spermidine + N-acetyl-3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | norspermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | norspermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | ? | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermidine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | putrescine + 3-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermidine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | putrescine + 3-aminobutanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | spermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana Columbia-0 | spermidine + 3-aminopropanal + H2O2 | - |
? | |
1.5.3.17 | thermospermine + O2 + H2O | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? |
EC Number | Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | ZmPAO | - |
Zea mays |
1.5.3.16 | AtPAO1 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | AtPAO2 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | AtPAO3 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | AtPAO4 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | 25 | - |
assay at | Zea mays |
1.5.3.16 | 25 | - |
assay at | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | 25 | - |
assay at | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | 32.9 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant ZmPAO | Zea mays | |
1.5.3.14 | 50.2 | - |
spermidine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Zea mays | |
1.5.3.16 | 0.02 | - |
thermospermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.16 | 0.09 | - |
norspermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.16 | 0.2 | - |
N1-acetylspermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.16 | 2.5 | - |
spermine | pH 8.0, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.014 | - |
N1-acetylspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO4 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.02 | - |
N1-acetylspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.1 | - |
spermidine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO4 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.1 | - |
thermospermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO4 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.4 | - |
thermospermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.45 | - |
norspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO4 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.5 | - |
thermospermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 0.8 | - |
N1-acetylspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 1.1 | - |
norspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 1.7 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 2.9 | - |
norspermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 3.4 | - |
spermidine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO3 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 4.2 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 4.6 | - |
spermidine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | 4.6 | - |
spermine | pH 7.5, 25°C, recombinant AtPAO4 | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | 7.5 | - |
assay at | Zea mays |
1.5.3.16 | 8 | - |
- |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | 7 | 8 | dependent on the substrate | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | 7.5 | - |
- |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | 7.5 | - |
assay at | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | FAD | dependent on | Zea mays | |
1.5.3.16 | FAD | dependent on | Arabidopsis thaliana | |
1.5.3.17 | FAD | dependent on | Arabidopsis thaliana |
EC Number | General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
1.5.3.14 | physiological function | plant PAOs oxidize the carbon at the endo-side of the N4-nitrogen of Spd and Spm, producing 4-aminobutanal and N-(3-aminopropyl)-4-aminobutanal, respectively, in addition to 1,3-diaminopropane and H2O2, and are considered to be involved in terminal catabolism of polyamines, physiological role(s) of the polyamine catabolic pathways in plants, overview | Zea mays |
1.5.3.16 | evolution | AtPAO2-AtPAO4 form a subfamily of polyamine oxidases different from AtPAO1, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | evolution | AtPAO2-AtPAO4 form a subfamily of polyamine oxxidases different from AtPAO1, EC 1.5.3.16, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | metabolism | the enzyme is involved in the polyamine back-conversion pathway, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
1.5.3.17 | physiological function | plant PAOs oxidize the carbon at the endo-side of the N4-nitrogen of Spd and Spm, producing 4-aminobutanal and N-(3-aminopropyl)-4-aminobutanal, respectively, in addition to 1,3-diaminopropane and H2O2, and are considered to be involved in terminal catabolism of polyamines, physiological role(s) of the polyamine catabolic pathways in plants, overview. All AtPAOs characterized are involved in a polyamine backconversion pathway | Arabidopsis thaliana |