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Literature summary extracted from

  • Timm, S.; Nunes-Nesi, A.; Paernik, T.; Morgenthal, K.; Wienkoop, S.; Keerberg, O.; Weckwerth, W.; Kleczkowski, L.A.; Fernie, A.R.; Bauwe, H.
    A cytosolic pathway for the conversion of hydroxypyruvate to glycerate during photorespiration in Arabidopsis (2008), Plant Cell, 20, 2848-2859.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.1.1.81 expressed in Escherichia coli Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 recombinant expression of GFP-tagged HPR2 in transgenic Arabidospsis thaliana plants Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
1.1.1.81 additional information construction of hpr1 knockout and hpr2 knockout. Deletion of HPR2 results in elevated levels of hydroxypyruvate and other metabolites in leaves, photosynthetic gas exchange is slightly altered, especially under long-day conditions. Deletion of HPR1 does not show a severe phenotype, overview. The combined deletion of HPR1 and HPR2 is detrimental to air-grown mutants and alters steady state metabolite profiles, phenotypes, overview. The most prominent naturally occuring mutation causes the decrease in Ala content coupled with enhanced levels of Arg, Asn, and Asp in the hpr1 mutant and the double knockout plant Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 additional information HPR1 knockout plants show slight visually noticeable impairments in air. Under shorter daylengths of 8 h, somewhat slower growth of the hpr1 mutants than of the wild-type, in combination with an approximately 4-week delay in bolting. Combined deletion of both HPR1 and HPR2 (EC 1.1.1.81) results in distinct air-sensitivity and a dramatic reduction in photosynthetic performance Arabidopsis thaliana

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.81 oxalate strong inhibition of HPR2 Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.1.1.81 cytosol HPR2 Arabidopsis thaliana 5829
-
1.1.1.81 peroxisome HPR! Arabidopsis thaliana 5777
-

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.1.1.81 43200
-
 x * 43200, HPR2, SDS-PAGE Arabidopsis thaliana

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.81 hydroxypyruvate + NAD(P)H + H+ Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 D-glycerate + NAD(P)+
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9C9W5
-
-
1.1.1.81 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9CA90 HPR2; gene At1g79870 encodes isozyme HPR2
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.1.1.81 leaf
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
1.1.1.81 leaf both HPR1 and HPR2 (EC 1.1.1.81) are the major hydroxypyruvate-reducing enzymes in leaves Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.81 glyoxylate + NAD(P)H + H+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana glycolate + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.81 hydroxypyruvate + NAD(P)H + H+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana D-glycerate + NAD(P)+
-
 ?
1.1.1.81 hydroxypyruvate + NADPH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana D-glycerate + NADP+
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.1.1.81 ? x * 43200, HPR2, SDS-PAGE Arabidopsis thaliana

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.1.1.81 HPR1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 HPR2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 hydroxypyruvate reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 NADPH-dependent hydroxypyruvate reductase
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.81 NADH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 NADH 4fold lower activity with HPR2 compared to NADPH Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 NADPH preferred cofactor of HPR2 Arabidopsis thaliana
1.1.1.81 NADPH shows some reactivity with NADPH Arabidopsis thaliana

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.1.1.81 physiological function deletion of any of the core enzymes of the photorespiratory cycle, one of the major pathways of plant primary metabolism, results in severe air-sensitivity of the respective mutants with the exception of the peroxisomal enzyme hydroxypyruvate reductase, HPR1, due to the existence of a second hydroxypyruvate reductase, HPR2, in the cytosol, overview. The enzyme provides a cytosolic bypass to the photorespiratory core cycle in Arabidopsis thaliana Arabidopsis thaliana