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Literature summary extracted from

  • Mullins, E.A.; Francois, J.A.; Kappock, T.J.
    A specialized citric acid cycle requiring succinyl-coenzyme A (CoA):acetate CoA-transferase (AarC) confers acetic acid resistance on the acidophile Acetobacter aceti (2008), J. Bacteriol., 190, 4933-4940.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.8.3.18 expressed in Escherichia coli as a C-terminal hexahistidine-containing fusion peptide Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 expression in Escherichia coli Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 gene aarC, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, expression analysis, overexpression as soluble His6-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli Acetobacter aceti

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2.8.3.18 acetate substrate inhibition. Enzyme shows an increased substrate inhibition at a lower pH Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 dethiaacetyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 Sodium borohydride
-
 Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 Borohydride inactivation, in the presence of acetyl-CoA causes near-complete loss of enzyme activity consistent with the reduction of the glutamyl-CoA thioester intermediate to 5-hydroxynorvaline, in absence of acetyl-CoA only partial inactivation, 71% activity relative to a control, occurs Acetobacter aceti

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.8.3.18 0.022
-
 acetyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.0221
-
 succinyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.0221
-
 succinyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.0223
-
 acetyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.9
-
 succinate
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.9
-
 succinate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 29
-
 acetate pH 5.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 51
-
 acetate pH 6.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 70
-
 acetate
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 70
-
 acetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 130
-
 acetoacetate
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 130
-
 acetoacetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 additional information
-
 additional information kinetic analysis, parameters at different conditions, overview Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 0.0221
-
 succinyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 0.0223
-
 acetyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 0.9
-
 succinate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 70
-
 acetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
6.2.1.5 Mg2+
-
 Acetobacter aceti

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
2.8.3.18 55847
-
 3 * 55847, ESI-MS, 3 * 55847, calculated, His-tagged recombinant protein Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 160000
-
 gel filtration, His-tagged recombinant protein Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 55832
-
 x * 55846, recombinant enzyme, x * 55832, recombinant, borohydride-treated enzyme Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 55846
-
 x * 55846, recombinant enzyme, x * 55832, recombinant, borohydride-treated enzyme Acetobacter aceti

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
6.2.1.5 ATP + succinate + CoA Acetobacter aceti AarC is succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase, which replaces succinyl-CoA synthetase in a variant CAC, this new bypass appears to reduce metabolic demand for free CoA, reliance upon nucleotide pools, and the likely effect of variable cytoplasmic pH upon CAC flux, the enzyme is required for the citric acid cycle, overview ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA
-
 r

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.8.3.18 Acetobacter aceti
-
-
-
2.8.3.18 Acetobacter aceti B3EY95
-
-
6.2.1.5 Acetobacter aceti B3EY95 strains 1023 and DSM 2002, aarABC region, gene aarC
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.8.3.18 using an ammonium sulfate fractionation procedure and an immobilized-metal affinity step. An 8-liter culture yields 9.5 mg of purified protein Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 recombinant His6-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli by ammonium sulfate fractionation and metal affinity chromatography Acetobacter aceti

Reaction

EC Number Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
2.8.3.18 succinyl-CoA + acetate = acetyl-CoA + succinate reaction displays ping-pong kinetics and a modified-enzyme mechanism Acetobacter aceti
a
6.2.1.5 ATP + succinate + CoA = ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA reaction mechanism, Glu435 is a key active site residue, overview. Class I CoA-transferases first bind the acyl-CoA substrate, forming a carboxylate product and an enzyme-CoA thioester intermediate, which accounts for the observed ping-pong kinetics and susceptibility to borohydride inactivation Acetobacter aceti
a

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
2.8.3.18 0.053
-
 strain 2002, reverse reaction, pH 8.0 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.083
-
 strain 1023, reverse reaction, pH 8.0 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.114
-
 strain 2002, forward reaction, pH 8.0 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.17
-
 strain 1023, forward reaction, pH 8.0 Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 0.053
-
 strain 2002, reverse reaction Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 0.083
-
 strain 1023, reverse reaction Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 0.114
-
 strain 2002, forward reaction Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 0.17
-
 strain 1023, forward reaction Acetobacter aceti

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.8.3.18 acetate + succinyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti succinate + acetyl-CoA
-
 r
2.8.3.18 acetoacetate + succinyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti succinate + acetoacetyl-CoA
-
 r
2.8.3.18 acetyl-CoA + succinate
-
 Acetobacter aceti succinyl-CoA + acetate
-
 r
2.8.3.18 succinate + dethiaacetyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti ?
-
 ?
2.8.3.18 succinyl-CoA + acetate
-
 Acetobacter aceti acetyl-CoA + succinate
-
 r
2.8.3.18 succinyl-CoA + acetoacetate
-
 Acetobacter aceti acetoacetyl-CoA + succinate
-
 r
6.2.1.5 ATP + acetate + CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti ADP + phosphate + acetyl-CoA
-
 r
6.2.1.5 ATP + succinate + CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA
-
 r
6.2.1.5 ATP + succinate + CoA AarC is succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase, which replaces succinyl-CoA synthetase in a variant CAC, this new bypass appears to reduce metabolic demand for free CoA, reliance upon nucleotide pools, and the likely effect of variable cytoplasmic pH upon CAC flux, the enzyme is required for the citric acid cycle, overview Acetobacter aceti ADP + phosphate + succinyl-CoA
-
 r

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
2.8.3.18 trimer 3 * 55847, ESI-MS, 3 * 55847, calculated, His-tagged recombinant protein Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 ? x * 55846, recombinant enzyme, x * 55832, recombinant, borohydride-treated enzyme Acetobacter aceti

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.8.3.18 acetate CoA-transferase
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 SCACT
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase
-
 Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 AarC
-
 Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 More AarC is predicted to be a class I CoAtransferase Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 SCACT
-
 Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 succinyl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase
-
 Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 succinyl-coenzyme A:acetate CoA-transferase
-
 Acetobacter aceti

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.8.3.18 25
-
 assay at Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 25
-
 assay at Acetobacter aceti

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.8.3.18 36.5
-
 acetoacetate
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 36.5
-
 acetoacetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 49
-
 acetate pH 5.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 70.9
-
 succinate
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 70.9
-
 succinate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 75.2
-
 acetyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 75.2
-
 acetyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 147
-
 acetate pH 6.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 201
-
 succinyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 201
-
 succinyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 280
-
 acetate
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 280
-
 acetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 70.9
-
 succinate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 75.2
-
 acetyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 201
-
 succinyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 280
-
 acetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
2.8.3.18 8
-
 assay at Acetobacter aceti
6.2.1.5 8
-
 assay at Acetobacter aceti

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
6.2.1.5 ATP
-
 Acetobacter aceti

Ki Value [mM]

EC Number Ki Value [mM] Ki Value maximum [mM] Inhibitor Comment Organism Structure
2.8.3.18 0.016
-
 dethiaacetyl-CoA
-
 Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 0.0166
-
 dethiaacetyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 500
-
 acetate pH 5.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 500
-
 acetate pH: 5.0, shows an increased substrate inhibition at a lower pH Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 1100
-
 acetate pH 6.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 1100
-
 acetate pH: 6.0, shows an increased substrate inhibition at a lower pH Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 1600
-
 acetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 1600
-
 acetate pH: 8.0 Acetobacter aceti

pI Value

EC Number Organism Comment pI Value Maximum pI Value
2.8.3.18 Acetobacter aceti calculated
-
 6.2

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.8.3.18 physiological function enzyme AarC is succinyl-coenzyme A:acetate CoA-transferase, which replaces succinyl-CoA synthetase in a variant citric acid cycle. This bypass appears to reduce metabolic demand for free CoA, reliance upon nucleotide pools, and the likely effect of variable cytoplasmic pH upon citric acid cycle flux Acetobacter aceti

kcat/KM [mM/s]

EC Number kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.8.3.18 0.28
-
 acetoacetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 4
-
 acetate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 79
-
 succinate pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 3400
-
 acetyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti
2.8.3.18 9000
-
 succinyl-CoA pH 8.0, 25°C Acetobacter aceti