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Literature summary extracted from

  • Kawai, S.; Murata, K.
    Structure and function of NAD kinase and NADP phosphatase: key enzymes that regulate the intracellular balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) (2008), Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem., 72, 919-930.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.23 Calmodulin Ca2+/calmodulin regulates NAD kinase activity. Ca2+/calmodulin has no detectable effect on recombinant human NAD kinase Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 H2O2 upregulates NADK1 by 3fold after treatment of plant cells with 5 mM Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information irradiation upregulates NADK1 by 8fold. NADK1 is Ca2+/calmodulin-independent, and not activated by Ca2+/calmodulin Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information is not regulated by NADH Micrococcus luteus
2.7.1.23 additional information NADK2 is Ca2+/calmodulin-independent, and not activated by Ca2+/calmodulin, although recombinant NADK2, which has a calmodulin-binding motif in its N-terminal, is able to bind to calmodulin Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information NADK3 is Ca2+/calmodulin-independent, and not activated by Ca2+/calmodulin Arabidopsis thaliana

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Cyberlindnera jadinii
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Glycine max
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Dictyostelium discoideum
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Triticum sp.
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Schizosaccharomyces pombe
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Candida albicans
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Lactuca sativa
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Oryza sativa
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Salmonella enterica
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Sorghum sp.
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Columba livia
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Archaeoglobus fulgidus
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Thermotoga maritima
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Listeria monocytogenes
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Synechococcus elongatus PCC 6301
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Pyrococcus horikoshii
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Bacillus subtilis
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Escherichia coli
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Sphingomonas sp. A1
2.7.1.23 additional information one of the key enzymes regulating the balance of NAD(H) and NADP(H) Micrococcus luteus

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.7.1.23
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 overexpression of UTR1 via a high-copy plasmid Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 overexpression of YEF1 via a high-copy plasmid Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 Ppnk overexpressed Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Crystallization (Commentary)

EC Number Crystallization (Comment) Organism
2.7.1.23 apo form of Ppnk at 2.8 A resolution. Crystals belong to space group C2 (a=140.2, b=69.4, c=106.4 A, and beta=130°). Holo form of Ppnk complexed with NAD+ at 2.6 A resolution. Crystals belong space group to P62 (a=b=110.5 and c=108.9 A). Overall structures of apo-Ppnk and Ppnk-NAD consist of an N-domain (residues 1-138 and 279-283), a C-domain (residues 139-278), and a C-terminal tail (residues 284-307) Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.7.1.23 additional information mutant for NadF is lethal Bacillus subtilis
2.7.1.23 additional information mutants of the NAD kinase gene are lethal Salmonella enterica
2.7.1.23 additional information mutants of the NAD kinase gene are lethal Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2.7.1.23 additional information NADK1-deficient mutant exhibits sensitivity to gamma irradiation and paraquat-induced oxidative stress Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information NADK2-deficient mutant grows slowly, is sensitive to environmental stress, which leads to oxidative stress, and shows reduced chlorophyll content. NADK1-deficient mutant exhibits sensitivity to gamma irradiation and paraquat-induced oxidative stress Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information sensitivity of NADK(-) cells to oxidative stress is the same as that of the control cells Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 additional information triple mutant utr1yef1pos5 is lethal Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 additional information triple mutant utr1yef1pos5 is lethal. Double mutant utr1pos5 is lethal against the SEY6210.5 and S288c backgrounds Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 additional information triple mutant utr1yef1pos5 is lethal. Double mutant utr1pos5 is lethal against the SEY6210.5 and S288c backgrounds. Mutant for POS5 shows several phenotypes related to decreased NADPH concentration in the mitochondria, and consequently, decreased mitochondrial function Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.23 additional information utr1 shows slow growth in a low-iron medium Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 NADH
-
 Escherichia coli
2.7.1.23 NADH
-
 Salmonella enterica
2.7.1.23 NADPH
-
 Escherichia coli
2.7.1.23 NADPH
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 NADPH
-
 Salmonella enterica

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.23 0.18
-
 NADP+
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 0.3
-
 NADPH
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 0.43
-
 fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.7.1.23 chloroplast
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana 9507
-
2.7.1.23 chloroplast isoform NADK2 Arabidopsis thaliana 9507
-
2.7.1.23 cytoplasm
-
 Homo sapiens 5737
-
2.7.1.23 cytosol
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5829
-
2.7.1.23 mitochondrion
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5739
-
2.7.1.86 mitochondrion
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae 5739
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.23 Ca2+ Ca2+/calmodulin regulates NAD kinase activity. Ca2+/calmodulin has no detectable effect on recombinant human NAD kinase Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 Ca2+ Ca2+/calmodulin-binding domain Glycine max
2.7.1.23 Ca2+ Ca2+/calmodulin-binding domain Triticum sp.
2.7.1.23 Ca2+ Ca2+/calmodulin-binding domain Lactuca sativa
2.7.1.23 Ca2+ Ca2+/calmodulin-binding domain Oryza sativa
2.7.1.23 Ca2+ Ca2+/calmodulin-binding domain Sorghum sp.
2.7.1.23 Cu2+ POS5 is upregulated 3.4fold after treatment for 10 to 12 min with 2.5 mM Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 additional information NADK1 is Ca2+/calmodulin-independent, and not activated by Ca2+/calmodulin Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information NADK2 is Ca2+/calmodulin-independent, and not activated by Ca2+/calmodulin Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 additional information NADK3 is Ca2+/calmodulin-independent, and not activated by Ca2+/calmodulin Arabidopsis thaliana

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
2.7.1.23 30000
-
 2 * 30000 Bacillus subtilis
2.7.1.23 32000
-
 2 * 32000 Sphingomonas sp. A1
2.7.1.23 37000
-
 4 * 37000 Pyrococcus horikoshii
2.7.1.23 46000
-
 x * 46000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 49000
-
 4 * 49000 Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 60000
-
 6 * 60000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 60000
-
 8 * 60000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 60000
-
 6 * 60000, Utr1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 60000
-
 6 * 60000, Yef1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 110000
-
 isoform NADK2 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.86 46000
-
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.86 58000
-
 isoform NADK1 Arabidopsis thaliana

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.7.1.23 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Arabidopsis thaliana Q500Y9
-
-
2.7.1.23 Arabidopsis thaliana Q56YN3
-
-
2.7.1.23 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9C5W3
-
-
2.7.1.23 Archaeoglobus fulgidus
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Bacillus subtilis O31612
-
-
2.7.1.23 Bacillus subtilis O34934
-
-
2.7.1.23 Candida albicans
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Columba livia
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Cyberlindnera jadinii
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Dictyostelium discoideum
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Escherichia coli P0A7B3
-
-
2.7.1.23 Glycine max
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Homo sapiens
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Homo sapiens O95544
-
-
2.7.1.23 Lactuca sativa
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Listeria monocytogenes
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii Q58327
-
-
2.7.1.23 Micrococcus luteus Q8VUL9
-
-
2.7.1.23 Mycobacterium tuberculosis P9WHV7
-
-
2.7.1.23 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv P9WHV7
-
-
2.7.1.23 Oryza sativa
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Pyrococcus horikoshii O58801
-
-
2.7.1.23 Saccharomyces cerevisiae C7GKE4
-
-
2.7.1.23 Saccharomyces cerevisiae P21373
-
-
2.7.1.23 Saccharomyces cerevisiae P32622
-
-
2.7.1.23 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Q06892
-
-
2.7.1.23 Salmonella enterica
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Schizosaccharomyces pombe
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Sorghum sp.
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Sphingomonas sp. A1 Q6L7J5
-
-
2.7.1.23 Synechococcus elongatus PCC 6301
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Thermotoga maritima
-
-
-
2.7.1.23 Triticum sp.
-
-
-
2.7.1.86 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
-
-
2.7.1.86 Saccharomyces cerevisiae C7GJD6
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.7.1.23
-
 Cyberlindnera jadinii
2.7.1.23
-
 Columba livia
2.7.1.23
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 partially purified Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 partially purified Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 Rv1695 protein Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.7.1.23 heart
-
 Columba livia
-
2.7.1.23 liver
-
 Columba livia
-
2.7.1.23 neutrophil
-
 Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Salmonella enterica ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Pyrococcus horikoshii ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Bacillus subtilis ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Escherichia coli ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Sphingomonas sp. A1 ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Micrococcus luteus ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+ 100% activity Arabidopsis thaliana ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NAD+
-
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH
-
 Pyrococcus horikoshii ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH
-
 Micrococcus luteus ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH low activity Mycobacterium tuberculosis ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH higher activity with NADH than with NAD+ Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH low activity with NADH Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH isoform Utr1p displays 15% activity with NADH compared to NAD+ Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH while isoform Yef1p displays 15% activity with NADH compared to NAD+ Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 ATP + NADH low activity Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 fructose-1,6-bisphosphate + ?
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii ?
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 additional information absence of any NADH-phosphorylating (NADH kinase) activity of NAD kinase Salmonella enterica ?
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 additional information no activity with poly(P) Saccharomyces cerevisiae ?
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 additional information does not accept poly(P) as phosphoryl donor Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 additional information does not accept poly(P) as phosphoryl donor Saccharomyces cerevisiae ?
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 NADH + poly(P)4
-
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis NADPH + poly(P)3
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 NADH + poly(P)4
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii NADPH + poly(P)3
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 NADH + poly(P)4
-
 Pyrococcus horikoshii NADPH + poly(P)3
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 NADH + poly(P)4
-
 Bacillus subtilis NADPH + poly(P)3
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 NADH + poly(P)4
-
 Micrococcus luteus NADPH + poly(P)3
-
 ?
2.7.1.23 NADH + poly(P)4
-
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv NADPH + poly(P)3
-
 ?
2.7.1.86 ATP + NAD+
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + NADP+
-
 ?
2.7.1.86 ATP + NADH isoform NADK1 shows 169% activity compared to NAD+ Arabidopsis thaliana ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.86 ATP + NADH isoform Pos5p shows 167% activity compared to NAD+ Saccharomyces cerevisiae ADP + NADPH
-
 ?
2.7.1.86 additional information does not accept poly(P) as phosphoryl donor Saccharomyces cerevisiae ?
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
2.7.1.23 ? x * 46000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 ? ? x 110000 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 ? ? x 58000 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 homodimer 2 * 32000 Sphingomonas sp. A1
2.7.1.23 homodimer 2 * 30000 Bacillus subtilis
2.7.1.23 homodimer 2 x 34000 Micrococcus luteus
2.7.1.23 homodimer 2 x 38000 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 homohexamer 6 * 60000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 homohexamer 6 x 30000 Escherichia coli
2.7.1.23 homohexamer 6 * 60000, Utr1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 homooctamer 8 * 60000 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 homooctamer 6 * 60000, Yef1p Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 homotetramer 4 * 37000 Pyrococcus horikoshii
2.7.1.23 homotetramer 4 x 35000 Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2.7.1.23 homotetramer 4 x 49000 Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 homotetramer 4 x 64000 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 homotetramer 4 * 49000 Homo sapiens

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.7.1.23 NadF
-
 Bacillus subtilis
2.7.1.23 NADK
-
 Sphingomonas sp. A1
2.7.1.23 NADK1
-
 Listeria monocytogenes
2.7.1.23 NADK1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 NADK2
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 NADK2 isoform Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 NADK3
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 poly(P)/ATP-NAD kinase
-
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2.7.1.23 Pos5
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 Ppnk
-
 Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2.7.1.23 styNadK
-
 Salmonella enterica
2.7.1.23 Utr1
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 Utr1p
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 Yef1p
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.23 YfjB
-
 Escherichia coli
2.7.1.23 YjbN
-
 Bacillus subtilis
2.7.1.23 YtdI
-
 Bacillus subtilis
2.7.1.86 NADK1 isoform Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.86 Pos5p
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.23 212
-
 NADP+
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 212
-
 fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii
2.7.1.23 236
-
 NADPH
-
 Methanocaldococcus jannaschii

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.23 NAD+
-
 Homo sapiens
2.7.1.23 NAD+
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.23 NAD+
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.7.1.86 NADH
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
2.7.1.86 NADH
-
 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Expression

EC Number Organism Comment Expression
2.7.1.86 Arabidopsis thaliana transcription of isoform NADK1 is upregulated by 3 and 8fold after treatment of plant cells with 5 mM H2O2 and irradiation, respectively up
2.7.1.86 Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcription of POS5 is upregulated 3.4fold after treatment for 10-12 min with 2.5 mM Cu2+ up

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.7.1.23 physiological function chloroplast NAD kinase 2 has an important role in chlorophyll biosynthesis and protects chloroplasts from oxidative stress Arabidopsis thaliana