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Literature summary extracted from

  • Pajares, M.A.; Perez-Sala, D.
    Betaine homocysteine S-methyltransferase: just a regulator of homocysteine metabolism? (2006), Cell. Mol. Life Sci., 63, 2792-2803.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
2.1.1.5 betaine
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 betaine elevations in the liver activity Sus scrofa
2.1.1.5 casein included in liquid diets Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 choline
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 choline elevations in the liver activity, whereas it has no effect in the renal enzyme Sus scrofa
2.1.1.5 cystine
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 ethanol included in liquid diets Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 ethanol increases in BHMT activity are only observed when 4-methylpyrazole is included in the treatment Mesocricetus auratus
2.1.1.5 Insulin is effective in counteracting the stimulation of BHMT activity and mRNA levels produced by triamcinolone in rat hepatoma H4IIE cells Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 methionine
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 additional information diet exhibits elevations of hepatic BHMT activity Ovis aries
2.1.1.5 additional information diet increases BHMT activity with small elevations in expression Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 Triamcinolone
-
 Rattus norvegicus

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
2.1.1.5 medicine Zucker diabetic fatty rats show increased BHMT activity and mRNA levels Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 additional information sequence of the pseudogene BHMT2 shows 97% homology to mouse BHMT Mus musculus

Crystallization (Commentary)

EC Number Crystallization (Comment) Organism
2.1.1.5
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 by multiple anomalous diffraction Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.1.1.5 G199S in vascular patients with hyperhomocysteinemia Homo sapiens
2.1.1.5 additional information changes at positions E159 and Y77 show the largest decreases in activity, but D26 and F74 seem to have a role in betaine binding, whereas E21 and C186 also influence L-homocysteine binding Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 R239Q no significant association with the severity and extent of hyperhomocysteinemia Homo sapiens
2.1.1.5 R346A shows alterations in the association state Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 W352A shows alterations in the association state Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 Y363A shows alterations in the association state Rattus norvegicus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2.1.1.5 additional information hypertonicity induces a decrease in BHMT mRNA and protein levels in liver and kidney Cavia porcellus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.1.1.5 0.1
-
 betaine
-
 Homo sapiens
2.1.1.5 0.12
-
 L-homocysteine
-
 Homo sapiens
2.1.1.5 2.4
-
 betaine
-
 Homo sapiens

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.1.1.5 basolateral plasma membrane
-
 Mus musculus 16323
-
2.1.1.5 canalicular membrane
-
 Mus musculus
-
-
2.1.1.5 cytosol
-
 Homo sapiens 5829
-
2.1.1.5 cytosol
-
 Rattus norvegicus 5829
-
2.1.1.5 cytosol
-
 Sus scrofa 5829
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
2.1.1.5 Zn2+
-
 Homo sapiens

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
2.1.1.5 40300
-
 sequence analysis of BHMT2 Mus musculus

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.1.1.5 Cavia porcellus
-
-
-
2.1.1.5 Homo sapiens
-
-
-
2.1.1.5 Macaca mulatta
-
-
-
2.1.1.5 Mesocricetus auratus
-
-
-
2.1.1.5 Mus musculus
-
 C57BL/6J mice
-
2.1.1.5 Mus musculus C57/BL6J
-
 C57BL/6J mice
-
2.1.1.5 Ovis aries
-
-
-
2.1.1.5 Rattus norvegicus
-
-
-
2.1.1.5 Sus scrofa
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.1.1.5
-
 Homo sapiens
2.1.1.5
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5
-
 Sus scrofa

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.1.1.5 H4IIE cell
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.1.1.5 Hep-G2 cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.1.1.5 hepatoma cell
-
 Homo sapiens
-
2.1.1.5 kidney
-
 Cavia porcellus
-
2.1.1.5 kidney
-
 Mus musculus
-
2.1.1.5 kidney very low activity Rattus norvegicus
-
2.1.1.5 kidney cortex, low activity Sus scrofa
-
2.1.1.5 kidney low activity, involved in regulation of its tonicity Homo sapiens
-
2.1.1.5 lens represents 0.5-10% of the total protein, presence of BHMT can be related to its role in betaine removal when osmotic stress disappears, a key process, since osmotic swelling is a major factor in the development of some types of cataracts Macaca mulatta
-
2.1.1.5 liver
-
 Cavia porcellus
-
2.1.1.5 liver
-
 Ovis aries
-
2.1.1.5 liver very abundant Mus musculus
-
2.1.1.5 liver very abundant Rattus norvegicus
-
2.1.1.5 liver very abundant Sus scrofa
-
2.1.1.5 liver very abundant, involved in regulation of its tonicity Homo sapiens
-
2.1.1.5 pancreas highest levels of activity Ovis aries
-
2.1.1.5 proximal tubule
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.1.1.5 proximal tubule
-
 Sus scrofa
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.1.1.5 L-homocysteine + betaine
-
 Homo sapiens L-methionine + dimethylglycine
-
 ?
2.1.1.5 L-homocysteine + betaine this reaction processes 25% of the cellular L-homocysteine in an in vitro model Rattus norvegicus L-methionine + dimethylglycine
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
2.1.1.5 tetramer crystallization data and sedimentation velocity experiments Homo sapiens

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Cavia porcellus
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Mus musculus
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Homo sapiens
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Sus scrofa
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Ovis aries
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Mesocricetus auratus
2.1.1.5 BHMT
-
 Macaca mulatta
2.1.1.5 BHMT2
-
 Mus musculus