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Literature summary extracted from
- Biochemical characteristics and physiological significance of major DNA topoisomerases (1989), Antimicrob. Agents Chemother., 33, 2027-2033.
Inhibitors
| EC Number | Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.2 | Ciprofloxacin | - |
Bacteria |  |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | antibacterial agents of the novobiocin-coumermycin family inhibit | Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
Bacillus subtilis | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Nalidixic acid | - |
Micrococcus luteus | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Norfloxacin | - |
Bacteria | |
Localization
| EC Number | Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | 5634 | - |
| 5.6.2.2 | nucleus | integral part of the nuclear matrix and mitotic chromosome scaffolds | eukaryota | 5634 | - |
Metals/Ions
| EC Number | Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | required | Bacteria | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | required | Escherichia coli | |
| 5.6.2.1 | Mg2+ | no requirement for Mg2+ | eukaryota | |
| 5.6.2.2 | Mg2+ | a divalent cation, preferentially Mg2+ is required for all reactions | Bacteria | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| EC Number | Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | 97410 | - |
- |
Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.2 | 89835 | - |
2 * 97000, A, + 2 * 89835, B | Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.2 | 97000 | - |
2 * 97000, A, + 2 * 89835, B | Escherichia coli |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| EC Number | Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | eukaryota | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Escherichia coli | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | Bacteria | topoisomerase I works in concert with topoisomerase II to modulate the level of DNA supercoiling | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | Bacteria | - |
? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | eukaryota | topoisomerase I works in concert with topoisomerase II to modulate the level of DNA supercoiling | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | Bacteria | involvement in the initiation of DNA replication | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| EC Number | Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | Bacteria | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Escherichia coli | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | eukaryota | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.1 | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Bacillus subtilis | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Bacteria | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Citrobacter freundii | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Drosophila melanogaster | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Escherichia coli | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | eukaryota | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Micrococcus luteus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Staphylococcus aureus | - |
- |
- |
| 5.6.2.2 | Streptomyces niveus | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| EC Number | Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.2 | - |
Bacteria |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| EC Number | Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | - |
Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | enzyme becomes covalently linked to the 3'-phosphoryl group, when it cleaves DNA | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | additional information | topoisomerase I works in concert with topoisomerase II to modulate the level of DNA supercoiling | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Bacteria | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | eukaryota | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | relaxation | Escherichia coli | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | positive and negative supercoiled DNA | eukaryota | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | specific for negatively supercoiled DNA, no activity with positively supercoiled DNA | Bacteria | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.1 | supercoiled DNA | specific for negatively supercoiled DNA, no activity with positively supercoiled DNA | Escherichia coli | relaxed closed circular DNA | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
Drosophila melanogaster | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | - |
Escherichia coli | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | the only topoisomerase that can introduce negative supercoils in DNA | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | in contrast to DNA gyrase, eucaryotic type II topoisomerase interacts preferentially with negatively supercoiled DNA over relaxed DNA | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | in contrast to DNA gyrase, eucaryotic type II topoisomerase interacts preferentially with negatively supercoiled DNA over relaxed DNA | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | dATP is a poor substitute for ATP | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | topoisomerase I works in concert with topoisomerase II to modulate the level of DNA supercoiling | eukaryota | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | additional information | involvement in the initiation of DNA replication | Bacteria | ? | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Drosophila melanogaster | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Bacteria | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Staphylococcus aureus | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | eukaryota | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Bacillus subtilis | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Escherichia coli | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Micrococcus luteus | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Citrobacter freundii | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | network of DNA rings + ATP + H2O | decatenation | Streptomyces niveus | monomeric DNA circles + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Drosophila melanogaster | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Bacteria | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Staphylococcus aureus | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | eukaryota | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Bacillus subtilis | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Escherichia coli | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Micrococcus luteus | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Citrobacter freundii | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | catenation | Streptomyces niveus | catenated DNA networks + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Drosophila melanogaster | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Bacteria | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Staphylococcus aureus | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | eukaryota | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Bacillus subtilis | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Escherichia coli | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Micrococcus luteus | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Citrobacter freundii | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation | Streptomyces niveus | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation of negatively or positively supercoiled DNA | Bacteria | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation of negatively or positively supercoiled DNA | eukaryota | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | relaxation of negatively or positively supercoiled DNA | Escherichia coli | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
| 5.6.2.2 | supercoiled DNA + ATP + H2O | under optimal conditions relaxation of negatively supercoiled DNA occurs in a highly processive manner | eukaryota | relaxed DNA + ADP + phosphate | - |
? | |
Subunits
| EC Number | Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Bacteria |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Staphylococcus aureus |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Bacillus subtilis |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Escherichia coli |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Micrococcus luteus |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Citrobacter freundii |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * A + 2 * B | Streptomyces niveus |
| 5.6.2.2 | tetramer | 2 * 97000, A, + 2 * 89835, B | Escherichia coli |
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