Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Mg2+ | required | Homo sapiens |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP + L-glutamate + L-cysteine | Homo sapiens | - |
ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | P48506 AND P48507 | genes GCLC and GCLM encoding catalytic and modifier subunits | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
peripheral blood mononuclear cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP + L-glutamate + L-cysteine | - |
Homo sapiens | ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
heterodimer | GCL is a heterodimeric enzyme, consisting of a catalytic subunit, (GCLc) and a modulatory subunit (GCLm) that are encoded by two distinct genes. GCLc constitutes all the enzymatic activity, but catalytic efficiency is increased substantially by covalent interaction with GCLm | Homo sapiens |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
GCL | - |
Homo sapiens |
glutamate cysteine ligase | - |
Homo sapiens |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
37 | - |
assay at | Homo sapiens |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
ATP | - |
Homo sapiens |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
malfunction | in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the levels of enzyme GCL activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) decrease, while thioredoxin (TRX) and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) levels increase when compared with those in the healthy controls. GSH concentrations and GCL activity levels negatively correlate with the SLE disease activity index and erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Patients with SLE and nephritis have lower levels of GSH and GCL activity and higher levels of TRX and GSSG compared with those in SLE patients without nephritis. Insufficient levels of GSH and GCL activity in PBMCs may contribute to the pathogenesis of SLE. A negative association of GSH levels with T-lymphocyte and CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocyte subset apoptosis, and intracellular activated caspase?3 may supports the role of GSH in the alteration of apoptosis of T lymphocytes in the SLE disease state. GSH is involved in the depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes in patients with SLE | Homo sapiens |
metabolism | glutamate cysteine ligase (GCL) catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step of glutathione, GSH, biosynthesis. The associations between GSH levels and GCL activity with demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are analyzed, overview | Homo sapiens |
additional information | GCL is a heterodimeric enzyme, consisting of a catalytic subunit, (GCLc) and a modulatory subunit (GCLm) that are encoded by two distinct genes. GCLc constitutes all the enzymatic activity, but catalytic efficiency is increased substantially by covalent interaction with GCLm | Homo sapiens |