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Literature summary for 6.3.2.2 extracted from

  • Langston, W.; Circu, M.L.; Aw, T.Y.
    Insulin stimulation of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit expression increases endothelial GSH during oxidative stress: Influence of low glucose (2008), Free Radic. Biol. Med., 45, 1591-1599.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
Search for more literature for 6.3.2.2

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
additional information under low glucose levels insulin induces an approximate 2fold increase in expression of gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase catalytic subunit GCLc mRNA and protein, which does not lead to increased GSH levels in the cell Homo sapiens

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene GCLC, semiquantitative expression analysis in endothelial cells Homo sapiens

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+
-
 Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ATP + L-glutamate + L-cysteine Homo sapiens
-
 ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine
-
 ?
additional information Homo sapiens insulin stimulation of GCL catalytic subunit expression increases endothelial GSH during oxidative stress, overview. Functional importance of insulin in Nrf2-dependent transcriptional upregulation of GCLC in GSH recovery during oxidative challenge, role for Nrf2 involvement in both constitutive and inducible endothelial GCLc expression and GSH synthesis, while PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling appears to participate only in insulin-inducible GSH synthesis. Low glucose enhances the insulin-mediated increase in GCLc expression ?
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
brain
-
 Homo sapiens
-
endothelial cell from brain Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + L-glutamate + L-cysteine
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-glutamyl-L-cysteine
-
 ?
additional information insulin stimulation of GCL catalytic subunit expression increases endothelial GSH during oxidative stress, overview. Functional importance of insulin in Nrf2-dependent transcriptional upregulation of GCLC in GSH recovery during oxidative challenge, role for Nrf2 involvement in both constitutive and inducible endothelial GCLc expression and GSH synthesis, while PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling appears to participate only in insulin-inducible GSH synthesis. Low glucose enhances the insulin-mediated increase in GCLc expression Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
gamma-glutamylcysteine ligase
-
 Homo sapiens
GCL
-
 Homo sapiens

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
ATP
-
 Homo sapiens