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Literature summary for 6.3.1.2 extracted from

  • Tian, Y.; Wang, R.; Zhao, W.; X, J.; Xing, X.; Fu, X.; Peng, R.; Yao, Q.
    Distinct properties of two glutamine synthetase isoforms in soybean root nodules (2016), Appl. Biochem. Microbiol., 52, 643-649 .
No PubMed abstract available
Search for more literature for 6.3.1.2

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of His6-tagged isozyme GS1beta1 in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) and in strain JW3841-1, which is Gln-auxotrophic. Isozyme GmGS1beta1 can complement the Escherichia coli Gln-auxotrophic strain JW3841-1 effectively at 37°C Glycine max
sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of His6-tagged isozyme GS1gamma1 in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) and in strain JW3841-1, which is Gln-auxotrophic. Isozyme GmGS1gamma1 is unable to complement the Escherichia coli Gln-auxotrophic strain JW3841-1 effectively at 37°C Glycine max

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information isozyme GmGS1beta1 can complement the Escherichia coli Gln-auxotrophic strain JW3841-1 effectively at 37°C Glycine max
additional information isozyme GmGS1gamma1 is unable to complement the Escherichia coli Gln-auxotrophic strain JW3841-1 effectively at 37°C. The lack of active GmGS1gamma1 production for the successful complementation at 37°C can be attributed to misfolding or conformational instability caused by increased temperature Glycine max

General Stability

General Stability Organism
MgCl2, MgCl2 /Glu, or MgCl2/ATP are effective in stabilizing the enzyme. Glu or ATP also stabilize the enzyme but to a lesser extent. NH4Cl accelerates the enzyme inactivation, even in the presence of MgCl2 Glycine max

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
additional information enzyme inactivation by ferric chloride reagent (0.2 M FeCl3, 0.12 M trichloroacetic acid, and 2.1% concentrated HCl). Enzyme oxidative inactivation by three different metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) systems, composed of air, FeCl3 and reducing agents (DTT, ascorbate or GSH), overview; enzyme inactivation by ferric chloride reagent (0.2 M FeCl3, 0.12 M trichloroacetic acid, and 2.1% concentrated HCl). Enzyme oxidative inactivation by three different metal-catalyzed oxidation (MCO) systems, composed of air, FeCl3 and reducing agents (DTT, ascorbate or GSH), overview Glycine max

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cytosol
-
 Glycine max 5829
-

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Glycine max

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3 Glycine max
-
 ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Glycine max O82560
-
-
Glycine max Q9FUK4
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
root nodule
-
 Glycine max
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
ATP + L-glutamate + NH3
-
 Glycine max ADP + phosphate + L-glutamine
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
? x * 40000, about, recombinant His6-tagged isozyme GS1beta1, SDS-PAGE, x * 39399, about, native isozyme, sequence calculation Glycine max
? x * 40000, about, recombinant His6-tagged isozyme GS1gamma1, SDS-PAGE, x * 39399, about, native isozyme, sequence calculation Glycine max

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
glutamine synthetase cytosolic isozyme 1 UniProt Glycine max
glutamine synthetase cytosolic isozyme 2 UniProt Glycine max
GS1-2 UniProt Glycine max
GS1beta1
-
 Glycine max
GS1gamma1
-
 Glycine max

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
 assay at Glycine max

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
additional information
-
 the instability of the GmGS1gamma1 in vitro probably reflects the in vivo situation Glycine max
additional information
-
 Val161 in GS1beta1 is the key residue responsible for the heat stability Glycine max
35 60 GmGS1beta1 retains 58% of its original activity after 10 min incubation at 52°C and still about 40% of activity after 10 min at 57°C, thermal inactivation profiles of GmGS1beta1, overview Glycine max
35 60 GmGS1gamma1 only retains less than 39% of the initial activity after 10 min incubation at 52°C and is inactivated rapidly above 57°C, thermal inactivation profiles of GmGS1gamma1, overview Glycine max
50
-
 50% activity remaining Glycine max
60
-
 50% activity remaining Glycine max

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.5
-
 assay at Glycine max

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
ATP
-
 Glycine max

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
additional information Val161 in GS1beta1 is the key residue responsible for the heat stability Glycine max
physiological function glutamine synthetase in nodule cytosol plays a major role in the assimilation of the ammonium produced by biological nitrogen fixation Glycine max