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Literature summary for 5.4.99.8 extracted from

  • Mishra, S.; Bansal, S.; Mishra, B.; Sangwan, R.S.; Asha, R.S.; Jadaun, J.S.; Sangwan, N.S.
    RNAi and homologous overexpression based functional approaches reveal triterpenoid synthase gene-cycloartenol synthase is involved in downstream withanolide biosynthesis in Withania somnifera (2016), PLoS ONE, 11, e0149691 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
cloning of full-length gene WsCAS by homology-based PCR method, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, transformation of overexpressing and RNAi constructs into Withania somnifera plants via Agrobacterium strain GV3101 transformation method, quantitative RT-PCR enzyme expression analysis Withania somnifera

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information construction of three RNAi gene-silencing constructs in backbone of RNAi vector pGSA and a full-length overexpression construct. The expression of WsCAS gene is considerably downregulated in stable transgenic silenced Withania somnifera lines compared to non-transformed control. Transgenic plants overexpressing CAS gene display enhanced level of CAS transcript and withanolide content compared to non-transformed controls Withania somnifera

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene Withania somnifera
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cycloartenol
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r

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Withania somnifera D6R1X1
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
leaf
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Withania somnifera
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seedling
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Withania somnifera
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene
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Withania somnifera cycloartenol
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r

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
? x * 83000, about, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE Withania somnifera

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
(S)-2,3-epoxysqualene mutase
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Withania somnifera
CAS
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Withania somnifera
WsCAS
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Withania somnifera

Expression

Organism Comment Expression
Withania somnifera wounding, as well as cold or heat treatments downregulate the enzyme expression and winthanolides production in seedlings. Cold, heat and wounding reduce the WsCAS expression levels up to 0.25, 0.51, and 0.59fold respectively. The overall content of withanolide is reduced. Direct correlation between the WsCAS expression and accumulation of withanolide in treated seedlings down
Withania somnifera salicylic acid at 2 mM and 5 mM and methyl jasmonate at 0.2-0.5 mM enhance the WsCAS transcript expression levels 1-2fold. The overall content of withanolide is increased by 1-2fold at 2mM salicylate and by methyl jasmonate at 0.2-0.5 mM. Direct correlation between the WsCAS expression and accumulation of withanolide in treated seedlings under elicitor treatment up

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution cycloartenol synthase belongs to the 2-3 oxidosqualene cyclases (OCSs) gene family Withania somnifera
metabolism the cycloartenol synthase is one of the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of withanolides in Withania sominifera. Withanolides are basically of the terpenoid origin and are one of the the largest group of natural products with diverse molecular structures. Cycloartenol which acts as the key precursor for the biosynthesis of phytosterols as well as withanolides through a series of desaturation, hydroxylation, epoxidations, cyclization, chain elongation, and glycosylation steps. Withanolide biosynthetic pathway, overview Withania somnifera