Literature summary for 5.4.99.41 extracted from

Andre, C.; Legay, S.; Deleruelle, A.; Nieuwenhuizen, N.; Punter, M.; Brendolise, C.; Cooney, J.; Lateur, M.; Hausman, J.; Larondelle, Y.; Laing, W.
Multifunctional oxidosqualene cyclases and cytochrome P450 involved in the biosynthesis of apple fruit triterpenic acids (2016), New Phytol., 211, 1279-1294 .

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Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
gene OSC1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis of the enzyme in apple fruits, functional recombinant expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves via transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 resulting in production of alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, and lupeol. Cells transiently expressing MdOSC5 cDNA are found to generate lupeol as a major component and beta-amyrin as a minor product, in a ratio of 95:5	Malus domestica

Cloned (Comment)

Organism

gene OSC1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, quantitative real-time PCR expression analysis of the enzyme in apple fruits, functional recombinant expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves via transformation by Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 resulting in production of alpha-amyrin, beta-amyrin, and lupeol. Cells transiently expressing MdOSC5 cDNA are found to generate lupeol as a major component and beta-amyrin as a minor product, in a ratio of 95:5

Malus domestica

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	transient expression of MdOSC1 and MdOSC5 together with CYP716A175 confirms the ratio between the different triterpene backbones observed after transient expression of MdOSC1 and MDOSC5 alone, overview	Malus domestica

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
(S)-2,3-oxidosqualene	Malus domestica	via dammarenyl cation, low activity	beta-amyrin	-	r
(S)-2,3-oxidosqualene	Malus domestica	via dammarenyl cation	lupeol	-	r

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Malus domestica	A0A142LT04	hybrid	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
epidermis	-	Malus domestica	-
fruit	-	Malus domestica	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
(S)-2,3-oxidosqualene	via dammarenyl cation, low activity	Malus domestica	beta-amyrin	-	r
(S)-2,3-oxidosqualene	via dammarenyl cation	Malus domestica	lupeol	-	r
additional information	MdOSC5 cyclizes 2,3-oxidosqualene into lupeol and beta-amyrin at a ratio of 95:5	Malus domestica	?	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
MdOSC5	-	Malus domestica
OSC5	-	Malus domestica

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
evolution	enzyme MdOSC5 contain the highly conserved DCTAE motif, which is implicated in substrate binding, and six repeats of the QW motifs, typical of the triterpene synthase superfamily. MdOSC5 is located in linkage group LG17, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis	Malus domestica
metabolism	MdOSC1 and MdOSC5 are key genes in apple fruit triterpene biosynthesis, analysis of biosynthetic pathway of triterpenic acids in apple, overview. The gene expression of MdOSC1 is linked to the concentrations of ursolic and oleanolic acid	Malus domestica
additional information	analysis of triterpenes from apple fruits in a collection of 20 contrasting apple cultivars, expression patterns of triterpene-related genes in different apple cultivars, overview	Malus domestica
physiological function	the enzyme is involved in the biosynthesis of pentacyclic triterpenes, which, in apple, account for 32-70% of the epicuticular waxes, depending on the cultivar	Malus domestica