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Literature summary for 5.1.1.1 extracted from

  • Ferla, M.P.; Brewster, J.L.; Hall, K.R.; Evans, G.B.; Patrick, W.M.
    Primordial-like enzymes from bacteria with reduced genomes (2017), Mol. Microbiol., 105, 508-524 .
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 5.1.1.1

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme TmCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Thermotoga maritima
gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme wMelCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Wolbachia pipientis
gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme PuCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it partially. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Attempts to optimize recombinant production of the Pelagibacter ubique enzyme (PuCBL) in a soluble form are unsuccessful Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
gene metC, phylogenetic analysis. The recombinant enzyme EcCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it partially Escherichia coli

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Wolbachia pipientis
additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Thermotoga maritima
0.38
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
3.8
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
4.2
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
8.2
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
12
-
 L-alanine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-alanine Escherichia coli
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Wolbachia pipientis
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Thermotoga maritima
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Wolbachia pipientis wMel
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
additional information Wolbachia pipientis the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
additional information Thermotoga maritima the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
additional information Wolbachia pipientis wMel the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
additional information Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
additional information Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
additional information Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique Q4FME3
-
-
Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 Q4FME3
-
-
Escherichia coli P06721
-
-
Thermotoga maritima Q9X0Z7
-
-
Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 Q9X0Z7
-
-
Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 Q9X0Z7
-
-
Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 Q9X0Z7
-
-
Wolbachia pipientis Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-
Wolbachia pipientis wMel Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-alanine
-
 Escherichia coli D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Wolbachia pipientis D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Wolbachia pipientis wMel D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 D-alanine
-
 r
L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 D-alanine
-
 r
additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis ?
-
-
additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima ?
-
-
additional information the Escherichia coli cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity. CBL catalyzes the beta-elimination of cystathionine Escherichia coli ?
-
-
additional information the Pelagibacter ubique cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity. CBL catalyzes the beta-elimination of cystathionine. The ALR activity of MBP-PuCBL is 40fold lower than its CBL activity Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique ?
-
-
additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima ?
-
-
additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis wMel ?
-
-
additional information the Pelagibacter ubique cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity. CBL catalyzes the beta-elimination of cystathionine. The ALR activity of MBP-PuCBL is 40fold lower than its CBL activity Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 ?
-
-
additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 ?
-
-
additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 ?
-
-
additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 ?
-
-
additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 ?
-
-
additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 ?
-
-
additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 ?
-
-

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
dimer the Escherichia coli ALR dimer (PDB entry 2RJG) adopts a fold type III Escherichia coli
tetramer the Escherichia coli CBL tetramer (PDB entry 1CL1) adopts fold type I Escherichia coli

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
AAR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
AAR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
ALR
-
 Escherichia coli
ALR
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
ALR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
ARL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
CBL/ALR
-
 Escherichia coli
CBL/ALR
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
CBL/ALR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
CBL/ALR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Escherichia coli
cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Thermotoga maritima
EcCBL
-
 Escherichia coli
MetC
-
 Escherichia coli
MetC
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
MetC
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
MetC
-
 Thermotoga maritima
More see also EC 4.4.1.13 Escherichia coli
More see also EC 4.4.1.13 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
More see also EC 4.4.1.13 and EC 5.1.1.3 Wolbachia pipientis
More see also EC 4.4.1.13 and EC 5.1.1.3 Thermotoga maritima
TmCBL
-
 Thermotoga maritima
wMelCBL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
 assay at Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
37
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
70
-
-
 Thermotoga maritima

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.0024
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
0.0065
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
0.022
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
0.15
-
 L-alanine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
2.3
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
8
-
 assay at Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
8
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
8
-
 assay at Thermotoga maritima

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Escherichia coli
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Thermotoga maritima

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Escherichia coli
evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Wolbachia pipientis
evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Thermotoga maritima
metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Escherichia coli
metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis
metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima
additional information comparisons of structure and function of CBL and ALR, overview Escherichia coli

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.00079
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
0.0052
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
0.0063
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
0.0125
-
 L-alanine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
0.605
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis