Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
forskolin | binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview. Isozyme group IV contains forskolin-insensitive isozyme AC9, mode of regulation, overview | Mammalia | |
forskolin | binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview. Isozyme group IV contains forskolin-insensitive isozyme AC9, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus | |
stimulating G protein | i.e. s-Gs, comprising G protein subunits beta and gamma, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview, isozyme group II consists of Gbetagamma-stimulated AC 2, 4 and 7, G proteins interact with AC mainly through their switch II alpha-helices, which are conformational sensors for the alpha-activation state, mode of regulation, overview | Mammalia | |
stimulating G protein | i.e. s-Gs, comprising G protein subunits beta and gamma, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview, isozyme group II consists of Gbetagamma-stimulated AC 2, 4 and 7, G proteins interact with adenylate cyclase mainly through their switch II alpha-helices, which are conformational sensors for the alpha-activation state, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | AC8 knockout mice show decreased Ca2+ -stimulated adenylate cyclase activity in the hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, and brainstem, and exhibit little or no mossy fiber LTP, i.e. long-term potentiation, the long-lasting enhancement in communication between two neurons that results from stimulation. Short-term plasticity is also impaired in AC8 knockout mice. Double knockouts of both isozymes AC1 and AC8 also exhibit a nearly complete loss of mossy fiber long-term potentiation | Mus musculus |
additional information | double knockouts of both isozymes AC1 and AC8 exhibit a nearly complete loss of mossy fiber long-term potentiation | Mus musculus |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
2',5'-dideoxy-3'-ATP | a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview | Mammalia | |
2',5'-dideoxy-3'-ATP | a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview; a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview; a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview; a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview; a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview; a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview; a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview; a P-site inhibitor, binds to the cytoplasmic domains, structure overview | Mus musculus | |
inhibitory G protein | isozyme group III is comprised of Gialpha /Ca2+ -inhibited isozymes AC5 and AC6. G proteins interact with AC mainly through their switch II alpha-helices, which are conformational sensors for the alpha-activation state, mode of regulation, overview | Mammalia | |
inhibitory G protein | isozyme group III is comprised of Gialpha /Ca2+ -inhibited isozymes AC5 and AC6. G proteins interact with adenylate cyclase mainly through their switch II alpha-helices, which are conformational sensors for the alpha-activation state, mode of regulation, overview; isozyme group III is comprised of Gialpha /Ca2+-inhibited isozymes AC5 and AC6. G proteins interact with adenylate cyclase mainly through their switch II alpha-helices, which are conformational sensors for the alpha-activation state, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
membrane | transmembrane enzyme | Mammalia | 16020 | - |
membrane | transmembrane enzyme | Mus musculus | 16020 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Ca2+ | isozyme group III is comprised of Gialpha /Ca2+ -inhibited isozymes AC5 and AC6, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus | |
Ca2+ | isozyme group III is comprised of Gialpha /Ca2+-inhibited isozymes AC5 and AC6, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus | |
Ca2+ | the isozyme group I consists of Ca 2+ -stimulated AC1, AC3 and AC8, isozyme group III is comprised of Gialpha /Ca2+ -inhibited isozymes AC5 and AC6, mode of regulation, overview | Mammalia | |
Ca2+ | the isozyme group I consists of Ca2+-stimulated AC1, AC3 and AC8, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus | |
Ca2+ | the isozyme group I consists of Ca2+-stimulated AC8, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus | |
Ca2+ | the isozyme group I consists of Ca2+-stimulated isozymes AC1, AC3 and AC8, mode of regulation, overview | Mus musculus |
Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
50000 | - |
testis splice variant | Mammalia |
50000 | - |
testis splice variant | Mus musculus |
187000 | - |
full-length enzyme variant | Mammalia |
187000 | - |
full-length enzyme variant | Mus musculus |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP | Mammalia | roles of G protein regulation of adenylyl cyclases in the brain, olfactory bulb, and heart, overview. Roles for cAMP in a vast number of biological systems, including but not limited to oogenesis, embryogenesis, larval development, hormone secretion, glycogen breakdown, smooth muscle relaxation, cardiac contraction, olfaction, and learning and memory. Physiological roles for individual adenylyl cyclase Isozymes, overview | 3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate | - |
? | |
ATP | Mus musculus | roles of G protein regulation of adenylyl cyclases in the brain, olfactory bulb, and heart, overview. Roles for cAMP in a vast number of biological systems, including but not limited to oogenesis, embryogenesis, larval development, hormone secretion, glycogen breakdown, smooth muscle relaxation, cardiac contraction, olfaction, and learning and memory. Physiological roles for individual adenylyl cyclase Isozymes, overview | 3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate | - |
? | |
additional information | Mus musculus | key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Mammalia | key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | Mus musculus | key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Mammalia | - |
- |
- |
Mus musculus | - |
isozymes AC4 and AC9 | - |
Mus musculus | O88444 | AC1 | - |
Mus musculus | P51829 | AC7 | - |
Mus musculus | P84309 | AC5 | - |
Mus musculus | P97490 | AC8 | - |
Mus musculus | Q01341 | AC6 | - |
Mus musculus | Q80TL1 | AC2 | - |
Mus musculus | Q8VHH7 | AC3 | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
adrenal gland | isozyme AC5 | Mus musculus | - |
adrenal gland | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
adrenal gland | isozyme AC8 | Mus musculus | - |
adrenal gland | isozymes AC8, AC6 and AC5 | Mammalia | - |
adrenal medulla | isozyme AC1 | Mammalia | - |
adrenal medulla | isozyme AC1 | Mus musculus | - |
brain | isozyme AC1 | Mus musculus | - |
brain | isozyme AC2 | Mus musculus | - |
brain | isozyme AC3 | Mus musculus | - |
brain | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
brain | isozyme AC8, high expression level of isozyme AC8 in numerous brain regions, including the hippocampus, thalamus, habenula, cerebellar cortex and hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei | Mus musculus | - |
brain | isozymes AC8, AC6, AC1, AC3, and AC2, high expression level of isozyme AC8 in numerous brain regions, including the hippocampus, thalamus, habenula, cerebellar cortex and hypothalamic supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei | Mammalia | - |
corpus striatum | isozyme AC5 | Mammalia | - |
heart | isozyme AC2 | Mus musculus | - |
heart | isozyme AC3 | Mus musculus | - |
heart | isozyme AC5 | Mus musculus | - |
heart | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
heart | isozymes AC6, AC5, AC2 and AC3 | Mammalia | - |
kidney | isozyme AC5 | Mus musculus | - |
kidney | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
kidney | isozymes AC6 and AC5 | Mammalia | - |
liver | isozyme AC5 | Mus musculus | - |
liver | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
liver | isozymes AC6 and AC5 | Mammalia | - |
lung | isozyme AC2 | Mus musculus | - |
lung | isozyme AC3 | Mus musculus | - |
lung | isozyme AC5 | Mus musculus | - |
lung | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
lung | isozyme AC8 | Mus musculus | - |
lung | isozymes AC8, AC6, AC5, AC2 and AC3 | Mammalia | - |
additional information | ubiquitous expression of a short 50 kDa splice variant sAC | Mus musculus | - |
additional information | ubiquitous expression of isozyme AC7 | Mus musculus | - |
additional information | ubiquitous expression of isozymes AC9 and AC4 | Mus musculus | - |
additional information | ubiquitous expression of isozymes AC9, AC7 and AC4, and of a short 50 kDa splice variant sAC | Mammalia | - |
olfactory bulb | isozyme AC3, epithelium | Mus musculus | - |
olfactory bulb | isozyme AC8, epithelium | Mus musculus | - |
olfactory bulb | isozymes AC8 and AC3, epithelium | Mammalia | - |
pancreas | isozyme AC3 | Mus musculus | - |
pancreas | isozyme AC8 | Mus musculus | - |
pancreas | isozymes AC8 and AC3 | Mammalia | - |
skeletal muscle | isozyme AC2 | Mus musculus | - |
skeletal muscle | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
skeletal muscle | isozymes AC6 and AC2 | Mammalia | - |
striatum | isozyme AC5 | Mus musculus | - |
testis | isozyme AC3 | Mus musculus | - |
testis | isozyme AC5 | Mus musculus | - |
testis | isozyme AC6 | Mus musculus | - |
testis | isozyme AC8, and a short 50 kDa splice variant sAC | Mus musculus | - |
testis | isozymes AC8, AC6, AC5 and AC3, and a short 50 kDa splice variant sAC | Mammalia | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP | roles of G protein regulation of adenylyl cyclases in the brain, olfactory bulb, and heart, overview. Roles for cAMP in a vast number of biological systems, including but not limited to oogenesis, embryogenesis, larval development, hormone secretion, glycogen breakdown, smooth muscle relaxation, cardiac contraction, olfaction, and learning and memory. Physiological roles for individual adenylyl cyclase Isozymes, overview | Mammalia | 3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate | - |
? | |
ATP | roles of G protein regulation of adenylyl cyclases in the brain, olfactory bulb, and heart, overview. Roles for cAMP in a vast number of biological systems, including but not limited to oogenesis, embryogenesis, larval development, hormone secretion, glycogen breakdown, smooth muscle relaxation, cardiac contraction, olfaction, and learning and memory. Physiological roles for individual adenylyl cyclase Isozymes, overview | Mus musculus | 3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate | - |
? | |
ATP | the C1 and C2 domains form a single ATP-binding at their interface | Mammalia | 3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate | - |
? | |
ATP | the C1 and C2 domains form a single ATP-binding at their interface | Mus musculus | 3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate | - |
? | |
additional information | key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview | Mammalia | ? | - |
? | |
additional information | key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
More | topology and structure of adenylyl cyclases, mammalian transmembrane adenylyl cyclases share a similar topology of a variable N-terminus and two repeats of a membrane-spanning domain followed by a cytoplasmic domain, the cytoplasmic domains form the catalytic moiety at their interface, creating a pseudosymmetrical site that is primed for bidirectional regulation, crystal structure analysis, overview | Mammalia |
More | topology and structure of adenylyl cyclases, mammalian transmembrane adenylyl cyclases share a similar topology of a variable N-terminus and two repeats of a membrane-spanning domain followed by a cytoplasmic domain, the cytoplasmic domains form the catalytic moiety at their interface, creating a pseudosymmetrical site that is primed for bidirectional regulation, crystal structure analysis, overview | Mus musculus |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
G protein-regulated adenylyl cyclase | - |
Mammalia |
G protein-regulated adenylyl cyclase | - |
Mus musculus |