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Literature summary for 4.2.3.38 extracted from
- Investigating sesquiterpene biosynthesis in Ginkgo biloba molecular cloning and functional characterization of (E,E)-farnesol and alpha-bisabolene synthases (2015), Plant Mol. Biol., 89, 451-462 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain INVSc1 and Escherichia coli BL21 (DE) cells | Ginkgo biloba |
| gene TPS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of C-terminally His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3), functional recombinant expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain INVSc1 | Ginkgo biloba |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics, the enzyme exhibits a hyperbolic FPP saturation kinetic plot | Ginkgo biloba | |
| 0.07742 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | at pH 7.5 and 25°C | Ginkgo biloba |  |
| 0.07742 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 22°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Ginkgo biloba | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | Ginkgo biloba | - |
(E)-alpha-bisabolene + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | Ginkgo biloba | NMR analysis of in vivo products | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ginkgo biloba | A0A097SRT3 | - |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| Ni-NTA column chromatography | Ginkgo biloba |
| recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) by nickel affinity chromatography | Ginkgo biloba |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| leaf | - |
Ginkgo biloba | - |
| leaf | mature, very low enzyme levels in immature leaves | Ginkgo biloba | - |
| additional information | the highest GbTPS2 transcripts levels are observed in seedling root systems, which are approximately twofold higher than the levels observed in mature leaves. GbTPS2 transcript levels are substantially higher in these two tissues than all others analyzed, and the lowest levels are observed in mature seeds and stems | Ginkgo biloba | - |
| root | - |
Ginkgo biloba | - |
| root | highest expression | Ginkgo biloba | - |
| seed | very low enzyme levels | Ginkgo biloba | - |
| seedling | - |
Ginkgo biloba | - |
| shoot apical meristem | very low enzyme levels | Ginkgo biloba | - |
| stem | very low enzyme levels | Ginkgo biloba | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | - |
Ginkgo biloba | (E)-alpha-bisabolene + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | NMR analysis of in vivo products | Ginkgo biloba | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | NMR analysis of in vitro products | Ginkgo biloba | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ? | x * 61000, SDS-PAGE | Ginkgo biloba |
| ? | x * 61000, recombinant His-tagged enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Ginkgo biloba |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| GbTPS2 | - |
Ginkgo biloba |
| TPS2 | - |
Ginkgo biloba |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 22 | - |
assay at room temperature | Ginkgo biloba |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.01 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | at pH 7.5 and 25°C | Ginkgo biloba | |
| 0.01 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 22°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Ginkgo biloba | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.5 | - |
assay at | Ginkgo biloba |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | phylogenetic analysis reveals the two terpene synthase genes GbTPS1 and GbTPS2, encoding farnesol and bisabolene synthases, respectively, as primitive genes that might have evolved from an ancestral diterpene synthase. The enzyme belongs to the terpene synthase family, gymnosperm-specific TPSd subfamily, that further segregates into the TPSd1, TPSd2, and TPSd3 clades based on the phylogenetic analysis of 29 and 72 gymnosperm TPSs. The majority of gymnosperm sesquiterpene synthases fall within the TPSd2 clade | Ginkgo biloba |
kcat/KM [mM/s]
| kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.129 | - |
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate | pH 7.5, 22°C, recombinant His-tagged enzyme | Ginkgo biloba | |
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