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Literature summary for 4.2.1.2 extracted from

  • Hill, R.L.; Teipel, J.W.
    Fumarase and crotonase (1971), The Enzymes, 3rd Ed. (Boyer, P. D. , ed. ), 5, 539-571.
No PubMed abstract available
Search for more literature for 4.2.1.2

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
arsenate activates Sus scrofa
Borate activates Sus scrofa
citrate activates Sus scrofa
phosphate increases activity at less than 5 mM, competitive inhibition at higher concentrations Sus scrofa
selenate activates Sus scrofa
SO42- activates Sus scrofa

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
4-bromocrotonate
-
 Sus scrofa
ATP
-
 Sus scrofa
bromofumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
chlorofumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
citrate
-
 Sus scrofa
CTP
-
 Sus scrofa
dimethylfumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
GTP
-
 Sus scrofa
iodoacetamide
-
 Sus scrofa
iodoacetate
-
 Sus scrofa
iodofumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
isocitrate L-isocitrate Sus scrofa
L-Tartrate
-
 Sus scrofa
L-threo-hydroxyaspartate
-
 Sus scrofa
mesaconate
-
 Sus scrofa
additional information substrate inhibition between 0.1 M and 1.0 M Sus scrofa
NEM
-
 Sus scrofa
phosphate increases activity at less than 5 mM, competitive inhibition at higher concentrations Sus scrofa
trans-aconitate
-
 Sus scrofa
UTP
-
 Sus scrofa

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
0.005
-
 fumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.02 0.14 L-threo-chloromalate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.025
-
 L-malate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.027
-
 fluorofumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.11
-
 chlorofumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.11
-
 bromofumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.12
-
 iodofumarate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.145
-
 acetylene dicarboxylate
-
 Sus scrofa
0.51
-
 mesaconate
-
 Sus scrofa
1.3
-
 L-Tartrate
-
 Sus scrofa
7.5 10 L-threo-hydroxyaspartate
-
 Sus scrofa

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
48500
-
 4 * 48500, equilibrium sedimentation in 6 M guanidine HCl, pH 4.25 Sus scrofa
194000
-
 equilibrium sedimentation Sus scrofa

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Sus scrofa
-
 several isoenzymes
-

Reaction

Reaction Comment Organism Reaction ID
(S)-malate = fumarate + H2O mechanism Sus scrofa
a

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
heart
-
 Sus scrofa
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
(S)-malate
-
 Sus scrofa fumarate + H2O
-
 r
acetylene dicarboxylate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa oxaloacetate
-
 ?
alpha-fluorofumarate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa oxaloacetate + ?
-
 ?
bromofumarate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa ?
-
 ?
chlorofumarate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa ?
-
 ?
fluorofumarate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa ?
-
 ?
fumarate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa L-malate
-
 r
iodofumarate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa ?
-
 ?
L-tartrate
-
 Sus scrofa oxaloacetate + H2O
-
 ?
L-threo-chloro-L-malate
-
 Sus scrofa chlorofumarate + H2O
-
 ?
L-threo-hydroxyaspartate
-
 Sus scrofa ?
-
 ?
mesaconate + H2O
-
 Sus scrofa ?
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
tetramer 4 * 48500, equilibrium sedimentation in 6 M guanidine HCl, pH 4.25 Sus scrofa

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
additional information
-
 at low concentrations, phosphate, sulfate, borate, selenate, arsenate and citrate activate fumarase and shift somewhat the pH optimum to a more alkaline pH Sus scrofa

pH Stability

pH Stability pH Stability Maximum Comment Organism
5 9 stable in potassium phosphate buffer, above pH 10: dissociation into an inactive form Sus scrofa
6 10 dissociation below pH 6 and above pH 10, Tris-acetate buffer Sus scrofa