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Literature summary for 4.2.1.104 extracted from
- Expression of the cyanobacterial enzyme cyanase increases cyanate metabolism and cyanate tolerance in Arabidopsis (2017), Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int., 24, 11825-11835 .
Application
| Application | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| environmental protection | cyanate and its derivatives are considered as environmental hazardous materials. Cyanate is released to the environment through many chemical industries and mining wastewater. Cyanase enzyme converts cyanate into CO2 and NH3 in a bicarbonate-dependent reaction. At low cyanate concentrations, the endogenous plant cyanases play a vital role in cyanate detoxification. But such cyanate biodegradation system is probably insufficient due to the excess cyanate concentrations at contaminated sites. Evaluation of transgenic plant resistance to cyanate stress. The enzyme is a candidate for developing novel ecofriendly phytoremediation systems for cyanate detoxification | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene cynS, functional recombinant expression of C-terminally His-tagged enzyme in Arabidopsis thaliana plants ecotype Columbia under control of the CaMV 35S promoter via the Agrobacterium tumefaciens (GV3101)-mediated floral dip transformation method, ammonia release assay, pigment contents, and total carbohydrate measurements of transgenic plants, overview | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | transfer of the cyanobacterial cyanase into Arabidopsis thaliana plants in order to enhance plant resistance against cyanate toxicity. The recombinant enzyme is active in transgenic plants. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme are exposed to cyanate, either applied by foliar spray or supplemented in growth medium, and show less reduction in pigment contents, antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate contents, and reduced levels of plant growth retardation. Plant growth assays under cyanate stress show enhanced growth and biomass accumulation in cyanase overexpressors compared to control plants | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cyanate + HCO3- + 2 H+ | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 | - |
NH3 + 2 CO2 | - |
? |  |
| cyanate + HCO3- + 2 H+ | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Kazusa | - |
NH3 + 2 CO2 | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 | Q55367 | - |
- |
| Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Kazusa | Q55367 | - |
- |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1666.7 | - |
measured by micromol ammonia/mg/s, transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| cyanate + HCO3- + 2 H+ | - |
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 | NH3 + 2 CO2 | - |
? | |
| cyanate + HCO3- + 2 H+ | - |
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 Kazusa | NH3 + 2 CO2 | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ? | x * 16530, recombinant enzyme, SDS-PAGE | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| cyanate hydrolase | UniProt | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
| CYN | - |
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
| CynS | - |
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
| slr0899 | - |
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | ammonia release assay, pigment contents, and total carbohydrate measurements of transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme, overview. Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana plants expressing the enzyme are exposed to cyanate, either applied by foliar spray or supplemented in growth medium, and show less reduction in pigment contents, antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate contents, and reduced levels of plant growth retardation. Plant growth assays under cyanate stress show enhanced growth and biomass accumulation in cyanase overexpressors compared to control plants | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
| physiological function | cyanase enzyme converts cyanate into CO2 and NH3 in a bicarbonate-dependent reaction. At low cyanate concentrations, the endogenous plant cyanases play a vital role in cyanate detoxification | Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 |
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