Literature summary for 4.1.1.43 extracted from

Kneen, M.; Stan, R.; Yep, A.; Tyler, R.; Saehuan, C.; McLeish, M.
Characterization of a thiamin diphosphate-dependent phenylpyruvate decarboxylase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2011), FEBS J., 278, 1842-1853.

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLysS cells	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
E545L	the mutant shows 730fold decrease in kcat (phenylpyruvate) and 38fold decrease in kcat (indole-3-pyruvate) compared to the wild type enzyme	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
I335Y	compared to the wild type enzyme, the mutant exhibits 0.6% catalytic efficiency with phenylpyruvate, 33% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxohexanoic acid, 213% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxopentanoic acid, 1.7% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxobutanoic acid, and 7% catalytic efficiency with pyruvic acid	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
I335Y/M624W	compared to the wild type enzyme, the mutant exhibits 0.02% catalytic efficiency with phenylpyruvate, 2.3% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxohexanoic acid, 25% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxopentanoic acid, no activity with 2-oxobutanoic acid, and 59% catalytic efficiency with pyruvic acid	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
M624W	compared to the wild type enzyme, the mutant exhibits 3.4% catalytic efficiency with phenylpyruvate, 32% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxohexanoic acid, 131% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxopentanoic acid, 1.4% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxobutanoic acid, and 152% catalytic efficiency with pyruvic acid	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Q448W	compared to the wild type enzyme, the mutant exhibits 45% catalytic efficiency with phenylpyruvate, 16% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxohexanoic acid, 231% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxopentanoic acid, 62% catalytic efficiency with 2-oxobutanoic acid, and 130% catalytic efficiency with pyruvic acid	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM]	KM Value Maximum [mM]	Substrate	Comment	Organism
0.03	-	Indole-3-pyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.054	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.09	-	4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.09	-	2-oxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.1	-	phenylpyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.17	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.18	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.37	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.46	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.54	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.55	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.63	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.64	-	4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.69	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.8	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.9	-	4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.96	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.1	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
3.1	-	3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
5.5	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
5.5	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
6.4	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
6.4	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
7	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
7.6	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
8.5	-	3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
9.7	-	Pyruvic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
25	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da]	Molecular Weight Maximum [Da]	Comment	Organism
57000	-	x * 57000, SDS-PAGE	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Q06408	-	-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment)	Organism
Ni-NTA column chromatography	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.
2-oxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid	9% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
2-oxobutanoic acid	0.2% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
2-oxohexanoic acid	6% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
2-oxopentanoic acid	1% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid	1% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	2% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate	63% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde + CO2	-	?
4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	6% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid	6% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
benzoylformic acid	0.2% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
indole-3-pyruvate	preferred substrate, 100% activity	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	indoleacetaldehyde + CO2	-	?
additional information	PPDC is essentially unable to utilize pyruvate and 3-indoleglyoxylic acid	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?
Phenylpyruvate	preferred substrate, 100% activity	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	Phenylacetaldehyde + CO2	-	?
pyruvic acid	0.02% activity compared to phenylpyruvate	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	?	-	?

Subunits

Subunits	Comment	Organism
?	x * 57000, SDS-PAGE	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
phenylpyruvate decarboxylase	-	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
PPDC	-	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s]	Turnover Number Maximum [1/s]	Substrate	Comment	Organism
0.04	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.06	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.064	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.14	-	Indole-3-pyruvate	mutant enzyme E545L, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.32	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.34	-	Pyruvic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.39	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.41	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.45	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.76	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.85	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.96	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1.2	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1.3	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1.7	-	2-oxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.1	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.2	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
3.3	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
3.9	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
4.8	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
5.2	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
5.4	-	Indole-3-pyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
7.7	-	4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
8.8	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme E545L, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
8.8	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
10	-	4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
11	-	4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
11	-	3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
19	-	3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
20	-	phenylpyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum	pH Optimum Maximum	Comment	Organism
6.5	7	-	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Cofactor

Cofactor	Comment	Organism	Structure
thiamine diphosphate	dependent on	Saccharomyces cerevisiae

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs^-1]	kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs^-1]	Substrate	Comment	Organism
0.003	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.007	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.009	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.027	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.03	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.035	-	Pyruvic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.06	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.07	-	Pyruvic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.315	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.35	-	benzoylformic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.4	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.42	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y/M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
0.52	-	2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
1.1	-	phenylpyruvate	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.1	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.2	-	3-methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.5	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
2.8	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
3.4	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
3.5	-	3-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
3.7	-	2-oxopentanoic acid	mutant enzyme Q448W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
5.8	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme M624W, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
6	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	mutant enzyme I335Y, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
11	-	4-methyl-2-oxopentanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
12	-	4-methylthio-2-oxobutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
13	-	2-oxohexanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
19	-	2-oxo-4-phenylbutanoic acid	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
125	-	4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
200	-	phenylpyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae
200	-	Indole-3-pyruvate	wild type enzyme, in 100 mM KPO4 buffer (pH 7.0), 1 mM MgSO4, 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate, at pH 7.0 and 30°C	Saccharomyces cerevisiae