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Literature summary for 4.1.1.15 extracted from

  • Chang, C.; Zhang, J.; Ma, S.; Wang, L.; Wang, D.; Zhang, J.; Gao, Q.
    Purification and characterization of glutamate decarboxylase from Enterococcus raffinosus TCCC11660 (2017), J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 44, 817-824 .
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 4.1.1.15

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
Co2+ about 70% inhibition of at 5 mM Enterococcus raffinosus
Cu2+ about 60% inhibition of at 5 mM Enterococcus raffinosus
Fe2+ over 80% inhibition of at 5 mM Enterococcus raffinosus
Zn2+ about 80% inhibition of at 5 mM Enterococcus raffinosus

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
5.26
-
 L-glutamate pH 4.6, 45°C Enterococcus raffinosus

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ activates at 5 mM Enterococcus raffinosus
Mo6+ activates at 5 mM Enterococcus raffinosus
additional information no effects by Ca2+, Al3+, Na+, or Mn2+ at 5 mM Enterococcus raffinosus

Molecular Weight [Da]

Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
110000
-
 gel filtration Enterococcus raffinosus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-glutamate Enterococcus raffinosus
-
 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
-
 ir
L-glutamate Enterococcus raffinosus TCCC11660 / CGMCC 5584
-
 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
-
 ir
additional information Enterococcus raffinosus Enterococcus raffinosus strain TCCC11660 has a strong intrinsic GAD activity and shows a high yield of GABA production ?
-
 ?
additional information Enterococcus raffinosus TCCC11660 / CGMCC 5584 Enterococcus raffinosus strain TCCC11660 has a strong intrinsic GAD activity and shows a high yield of GABA production ?
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Enterococcus raffinosus
-
 olated from Chinese traditional pickled vegetables
-
Enterococcus raffinosus TCCC11660 / CGMCC 5584
-
 olated from Chinese traditional pickled vegetables
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
native enzyme 32.3fold by ultrafiltration and ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by ion exchange chromatography and gel filtration Enterococcus raffinosus

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
21.7
-
 purified native enzyme, pH 4.6, 45°C Enterococcus raffinosus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-glutamate
-
 Enterococcus raffinosus 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
-
 ir
L-glutamate
-
 Enterococcus raffinosus TCCC11660 / CGMCC 5584 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
-
 ir
additional information Enterococcus raffinosus strain TCCC11660 has a strong intrinsic GAD activity and shows a high yield of GABA production Enterococcus raffinosus ?
-
 ?
additional information enzyme GAD has a very high substrate specificity. No activity with L-glutamine, L-aspartic acid, L-arginine, L-cysteine, L-alanine, L-glycine, L-histidine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-valine, L-phenylalanine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-serine and L-proline. The protein also does not convert D-glutamic acid, indicating that it is strongly enantioselective as well Enterococcus raffinosus ?
-
 ?
additional information Enterococcus raffinosus strain TCCC11660 has a strong intrinsic GAD activity and shows a high yield of GABA production Enterococcus raffinosus TCCC11660 / CGMCC 5584 ?
-
 ?
additional information enzyme GAD has a very high substrate specificity. No activity with L-glutamine, L-aspartic acid, L-arginine, L-cysteine, L-alanine, L-glycine, L-histidine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-valine, L-phenylalanine, L-isoleucine, L-leucine, L-threonine, L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, L-serine and L-proline. The protein also does not convert D-glutamic acid, indicating that it is strongly enantioselective as well Enterococcus raffinosus TCCC11660 / CGMCC 5584 ?
-
 ?

Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
homodimer 2 * 55000, SDS-PAGE Enterococcus raffinosus

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
GAD
-
 Enterococcus raffinosus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
45
-
-
 Enterococcus raffinosus

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30 75 and below 30°C, activity range, profile overview Enterococcus raffinosus

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
30 40 purified native enzyme, pH 4.6, over 95% activity remaining after 5 h Enterococcus raffinosus
50
-
 purified native enzyme, pH 4.6, over 85% activity remaining after 5 h Enterococcus raffinosus
70
-
 purified native enzyme, pH 4.6, high loss of activity after 1 h, inactivation after 1.5 h Enterococcus raffinosus
80
-
 purified native enzyme, pH 4.6, inactivation after 1 h Enterococcus raffinosus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
4.6
-
-
 Enterococcus raffinosus

pH Range

pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
3.5 6 activity range, profile overview Enterococcus raffinosus

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Enterococcus raffinosus

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
physiological function the GAD system is the most important system for acid resistance in various microorganisms. GAD also acts as the only enzyme that catalyzes L-glutamate decarboxylation to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) Enterococcus raffinosus