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Literature summary for 4.1.1.15 extracted from

  • Dinh, T.; Jang, N.; Mcdonald, K.; Won, K.
    Cross-linked aggregation of glutamate decarboxylase to extend its activity range toward alkaline pH (2015), J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 90, 2100-2105 .
No PubMed abstract available
Search for more literature for 4.1.1.15

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene gadB, recombinant expression in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) Escherichia coli

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information cross-linked aggregation method is used in order to extend the active range of GAD toward alkaline pH. Cross-linked aggregation activate GAD even at neutral and alkaline pH values. It is a useful method capable of facilitating recovery and reuse of the enzyme as well as increasing the reaction conversion by extending the active pH range of GAD. GAD from Escherichia coli is prepared as cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA) in which the enzyme is precipitated using ammonium sulfate (60% saturation) and then cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (2%) in sodium acetate buffer (0.2 mol/l, pH 4.6). The cross-linked aggregation extends an active pH-range of GAD from pH 5.5 up to pH 8.0. As a result, the reaction conversion of 1 mol/l monosodium L-glutamate into GABA is improved from 13% to 22%. Moreover, the CLEA of GAD is easily recovered after the reaction and reused retaining over 95% of its initial activity during the first four cycles and over 60% activity at the 10th cycle. Method evaluation and optimization, overview Escherichia coli

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
L-glutamate Escherichia coli
-
 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Escherichia coli P69910
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

Purification (Comment) Organism
recombinant enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3) partially by ammonium sulfate fractionation Escherichia coli

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
L-glutamate
-
 Escherichia coli 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
-
 ?
L-glutamate alpha-decarboxylation Escherichia coli 4-aminobutanoate + CO2
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
GAD
-
 Escherichia coli
GadB
-
 Escherichia coli
GADbeta
-
 Escherichia coli

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
 assay at Escherichia coli

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
4.6
-
 assay at Escherichia coli

pH Range

pH Minimum pH Maximum Comment Organism
additional information
-
 pH rise caused by the reaction inactivates the enzyme catalyst, which is active only under acidic conditions, and consequently leads to low reaction conversions Escherichia coli

Cofactor

Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
pyridoxal 5'-phosphate dependent on Escherichia coli

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
additional information pH rise caused by the reaction inactivates the enzyme catalyst, which is active only under acidic conditions, and consequently leads to low reaction conversions. Cross-linked aggregation method is used in order to extend the active range of GAD toward alkaline pH Escherichia coli