Literature summary for 4.1.1.15 extracted from

Sha, D.; Jin, Y.; Wu, H.; Wei, J.; Lin, C.H.; Lee, Y.H.; Buddhala, C.; Kuchay, S.; Chishti, A.H.; Wu, J.Y.
Role of mu-calpain in proteolytic cleavage of brain L-glutamic acid decarboxylase (2008), Brain Res., 1207, 9-18.

Search for more literature for 4.1.1.15

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment)	Organism
expression of the full-length and truncated mutant enzymes, expression analysis	Mus musculus
expression of the full-length and truncated mutant enzymes, expression analysis	Homo sapiens
expression of the full-length and truncated mutant enzymes, expression analysis	Rattus norvegicus

Protein Variants

Protein Variants	Comment	Organism
additional information	construction of a truncated enzyme version	Homo sapiens
additional information	construction of a truncated enzyme version	Rattus norvegicus

Inhibitors

Inhibitors	Comment	Organism	Structure
additional information	ionomycin inhibits the expression of the full-length enzyme, but not of the truncated mutant, while mu-calpain and calpastatin inhibit the truncated enzyme, but not the full-length wild-type enzyme in the synaptosome, overview	Homo sapiens
additional information	ionomycin inhibits the expression of the full-length enzyme, but not of the truncated mutant, while mu-calpain and calpastatin inhibit the truncated enzyme, but not the full-length wild-type enzyme in the synaptosome, overview	Rattus norvegicus

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
soluble	-	Mus musculus	-	-
soluble	-	Homo sapiens	-	-
soluble	-	Rattus norvegicus	-	-
synaptosome	-	Mus musculus	-	-
synaptosome	-	Homo sapiens	-	-
synaptosome	-	Rattus norvegicus	-	-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates	Organism	Comment (Nat. Sub.)	Natural Products	Comment (Nat. Pro.)	Rev.	Reac.
L-glutamate	Mus musculus	GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
L-glutamate	Homo sapiens	GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
L-glutamate	Rattus norvegicus	GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
additional information	Homo sapiens	calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview	?	-	?
additional information	Rattus norvegicus	calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview	?	-	?

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	-	-	-
Mus musculus	-	-	-
Rattus norvegicus	-	-	-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification	Comment	Organism
proteolytic modification	the purified recombinant GAD67 is cleaved by mu-calpain at specific sites in Ca2+-dependent manner. In brain synaptosomal preparation, GAD67 is cleaved to its truncated form by an endogenous protease which is inhibited by specific calpain inhibitors. In mu-calpain knockout mice, the level of tGAD in the brain is greatly reduced compared with the wild type. When mu-calpain gene is silenced by siRNA, the level of tGAD is also markedly reduced compared to the control group. Mu-calpain is activated by neuronal stimulation and Ca2+-influx. Calpastatin inhibits GAD67 processing, calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, mutational analysis, overview	Mus musculus
proteolytic modification	the purified recombinant GAD67 is cleaved by mu-calpain at specific sites in Ca2+-dependent manner. In brain synaptosomal preparation, GAD67 is cleaved to its truncated form by an endogenous protease which is inhibited by specific calpain inhibitors. In mu-calpain knockout mice, the level of tGAD in the brain is greatly reduced compared with the wild type. When mu-calpain gene is silenced by siRNA, the level of tGAD is also markedly reduced compared to the control group. Mu-calpain is activated by neuronal stimulation and Ca2+-influx. Calpastatin inhibits GAD67 processing, overview	Homo sapiens
proteolytic modification	the purified recombinant GAD67 is cleaved by mu-calpain at specific sites in Ca2+-dependent manner. In brain synaptosomal preparation, GAD67 is cleaved to its truncated form by an endogenous protease which is inhibited by specific calpain inhibitors. In mu-calpain knockout mice, the level of tGAD in the brain is greatly reduced compared with the wild type. When mu-calpain gene is silenced by siRNA, the level of tGAD is also markedly reduced compared to the control group. Mu-calpain is activated by neuronal stimulation and Ca2+-influx. Calpastatin inhibits GAD67 processing, overview	Rattus norvegicus

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
brain	-	Mus musculus	-
brain	-	Homo sapiens	-
brain	-	Rattus norvegicus	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
L-glutamate	-	Mus musculus	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
L-glutamate	-	Homo sapiens	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
L-glutamate	-	Rattus norvegicus	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
L-glutamate	GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis	Mus musculus	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
L-glutamate	GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis	Homo sapiens	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
L-glutamate	GAD is the rate-limiting enzyme in neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid, GABA, biosynthesis	Rattus norvegicus	4-aminobutanoate + CO2	-	?
additional information	calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview	Homo sapiens	?	-	?
additional information	calpains inhibit the GAD cleavage in vivo, overview	Rattus norvegicus	?	-	?

Synonyms

Synonyms	Comment	Organism
GAD	-	Mus musculus
GAD	-	Homo sapiens
GAD	-	Rattus norvegicus
GAD65	-	Mus musculus
GAD65	-	Homo sapiens
GAD65	-	Rattus norvegicus
GAD67	-	Mus musculus
GAD67	-	Homo sapiens
GAD67	-	Rattus norvegicus
Glutamic acid decarboxylase	-	Mus musculus
Glutamic acid decarboxylase	-	Homo sapiens
Glutamic acid decarboxylase	-	Rattus norvegicus
L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase	-	Mus musculus
L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase	-	Homo sapiens
L-Glutamic acid decarboxylase	-	Rattus norvegicus

Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.

Release 2023.1 (January 2023)