Any feedback?
Please rate this page
(literature.php)
(0/150)

BRENDA support

Literature summary for 3.5.1.9 extracted from

  • Seifert, J.
    Embryo yolk sac membrane kynurenine formamidase of l-tryptophan to NAD+ pathway as a primary target for organophosphorus insecticides (OPI) in OPI-induced NAD-associated avian teratogenesis (2017), Toxicol. In Vitro, 44, 357-360 .
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 3.5.1.9

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
dicrotophos inhibition due to the teratogen dicrotophos occurred in yolk sac membranes during the period of embryo highest susceptibility to organophosphorus insecticide teratogens; O,O-dimethyl-O-1[E]-methyl-3-(dimethylamino)-3-oxo-1-propenyl phosphate Gallus gallus
methyl parathion O,O-dimethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl phosphorothioate Gallus gallus

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
membrane from embryo yolk sac Gallus gallus 16020
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O Gallus gallus
-
 formate + L-kynurenine
-
 ?
N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O Gallus gallus White leghorns
-
 formate + L-kynurenine
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Gallus gallus E1C2H6
-
-
Gallus gallus White leghorns E1C2H6
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
egg
-
 Gallus gallus
-
embryo
-
 Gallus gallus
-
embryo from chicken eggs Gallus gallus
-
liver embryo Gallus gallus
-
liver from chicken eggs Gallus gallus
-
yolk sac membranes, of chicken eggs Gallus gallus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O
-
 Gallus gallus formate + L-kynurenine
-
 ?
N-formyl-L-kynurenine + H2O
-
 Gallus gallus White leghorns formate + L-kynurenine
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
KFase
-
 Gallus gallus
kynurenine formamidase
-
 Gallus gallus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
 assay at Gallus gallus

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.4
-
 assay at Gallus gallus

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
malfunction organophosphorus insecticide (OPI) interfer in ovo with the second step of L-tryptophan to NAD+ biosynthesis by inhibiting kynurenine formamidase. Its inhibition due to the teratogen dicrotophos occurs in yolk sac membranes during the period of embryo highest susceptibility to OPI teratogens in contrast to delayed and lower inhibition caused by the nonteratogen methyl parathion. Both OPI affect liver kynurenine formamidase in a similar manner. The onsets of liver enzyme inhibition are delayed by about two days and occur at the time of the reduced embryo susceptibility to teratogens. The early disruption of L-tryptophan metabolism and higher inhibition of kynurenine formamidase in yolk sac membranes may be the factors that determine action of OPI as teratogens in chicken embryos Gallus gallus
metabolism the enzyme catalyzes the second step of the biosynthesis of NAD+ from L-tryptophan Gallus gallus
metabolism the enzyme is involved in the L-tryptophan to NAD+ pathway. Kynurenine formamidase of the Trp to NAD+ metabolism in yolk sac membranes and not in livers is the primary candidate target for organophosphorus insecticide teratogens in NAD-associated teratogenesis in chicken embryos. In ovo treatment of the embryos with organophosphorus insecticide teratogens interferes with the Trp to NAD+ metabolism at the second step of the pathway catalyzed by kynurenine formamidase in both yolk sac membranes and embryo livers. The early disruption of Trp metabolism and higher inhibition of kynurenine formamidase may be the factors that determine action of organophosphorus insecticide teratogens as teratogens in chicken embryos Gallus gallus