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Literature summary for 3.4.23.4 extracted from

  • Balabova, D.V.; Belash, E.A.; Belenkaya, S.V.; Shcherbakov, D.N.; Belov, A.N.; Koval, A.D.; Mironova, A.V.; Bondar, A.A.; Volosnikova, E.A.; Arkhipov, S.G.; Sokolova, O.O.; Chirkova, V.Y.; Elchaninov, V.V.
    Biochemical properties of a promising milk-clotting enzyme, moose (Alces alces) recombinant chymosin (2023), Foods, 12, 3772.
    View publication on PubMed
Search for more literature for 3.4.23.4

Activating Compound

Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
Ba2+ highly activating Alces alces alces
Ca2+ activates, dependence of milk-clotting activity on the concentration of calcium chloride. Ca2+ partially shields the negative charge of the C-terminal regions of kappa-casein, which form a hair layer on the surface of casein micelles. As a result, the Phe105-Met106 bond becomes more accessible to attack from the milk-clotting enzyme. Second, Ca2+ is involved in the formation of ionic bridges between destabilized micelles, which accelerates their aggregation and the formation of a milk clot. The addition of CaCl2 is widely used in the cheese making to improve the technological properties of rennet-lean milk Alces alces alces
Co2+ activates Alces alces alces
Cu2+ slightly activating Alces alces alces
Fe2+ highly activating Alces alces alces
Mg2+ activates Alces alces alces
Mn2+ highly activating Alces alces alces
additional information introduction of Mg2+, Zn2+, Co2+, Ba2+, Fe2+, Mn2+, Ca2+, and Cu2+ into milk activates the coagulation ability of moose chymosin Alces alces alces
Zn2+ activates Alces alces alces

Cloned(Commentary)

Cloned (Comment) Organism
gene CYM, recombinant enzyme expression in Kluyveromyces lactis strain GG799 from plasmid pSVB-Alc, recombinant enzyme expression in Escherichia coli Alces alces alces

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information moose recombinant chymosin with a milk-clotting activity of 86 AU/ml is synthesized in the Kluyveromyces lactis expression system Alces alces alces

Inhibitors

Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
Ni2+ introduction of Ni2+ into milk inhibits the coagulation ability of moose chymosin Alces alces alces

KM Value [mM]

KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten kinetics Alces alces alces
0.00469
-
 kappa-casein pH 5.65, 35°C, recombinant enzyme Alces alces alces

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
extracellular
-
 Alces alces alces
-
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
kappa-casein + H2O Alces alces alces milk-clotting ?
-
 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Alces alces alces A0A8E3Z7B9
-
-

Posttranslational Modification

Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
proteolytic modification zymogen activation takes place in an acidic environment involving cleavage of the N-terminal 42-residue propeptide that blocks the enzyme active site. As a result, prochymosin is transformed into the active enzyme, chymosin (Chn) Alces alces alces

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
additional information
-
 the crude recombinant chymosin has a milk-clotting activity of 86 AU/ml, purified genetically engineered moose chymosin has a specific milk-clotting activity of 15768 AU/mg Alces alces alces

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
kappa-casein + H2O milk-clotting Alces alces alces ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
Chn
-
 Alces alces alces
CYM
-
 Alces alces alces
MCE
-
 Alces alces alces
milk-clotting enzyme
-
 Alces alces alces
rChn-Alc-KL
-
 Alces alces alces

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
50 55 recombinant enzyme Alces alces alces

Temperature Range [°C]

Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
25 55 activity range Alces alces alces

Temperature Stability [°C]

Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
55
-
 active up to, complete inactivation at 60°C Alces alces alces

Turnover Number [1/s]

Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
98.69
-
 kappa-casein pH 5.65, 35°C, recombinant enzyme Alces alces alces

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
5.65
-
 assay at Alces alces alces

kcat/KM [mM/s]

kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
21042.6
-
 kappa-casein pH 5.65, 35°C, recombinant enzyme Alces alces alces