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Literature summary for 3.4.22.27 extracted from
- Cysteine protease cathepsin S as a key step in antigen presentation (2004), Drug News Perspect., 17, 357-363.
Activating Compound
| Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | interferon gamma induces CatS expression | Homo sapiens |
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| the gene encoding Cat S is located on chromosome 1q21 | Homo sapiens |
Crystallization (Commentary)
| Crystallization (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| determination of the crystal structure of the enzyme cocrystallized with the irreversible vinyl-sulfone inhibitor APC-2848 or with a reversible dipeptide-nitrile inhibitor, crystal structure determination of the C25S mutant cathepsin S | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| C25S | crystal structure determination | Homo sapiens |
| additional information | generation of Cat S-deficient knockout mice mutants showing accumulation of MHC class II molecules bound to the 10 kDa fragment of Ii, knockout mice phenotype, overview | Mus musculus |
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| APC-2848 | irreversible vinyl-sulfone inhibitor | Homo sapiens |  |
| additional information | reversible inhibition by a dipeptide-nitrile inhibitor | Homo sapiens | |
| N-morpholinurea-leucyl-homophenylalanyl-vinylsulfone-phenyl | i.e. LHVS, irreversible inhibition, the inhibitor binds covalently to the active site, in vitro and in vivo inhibition | Homo sapiens | |
| N-morpholinurea-leucyl-homophenylalanyl-vinylsulfone-phenyl | i.e. LHVS, irreversible inhibition, the inhibitor binds covalently to the active site | Mus musculus | |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 24000 | - |
1 * 24000 | Bos taurus |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albumin + H2O | Homo sapiens | degradation | ? | - |
? | |
| Collagen + H2O | Homo sapiens | degradation | ? | - |
? | |
| Elastin + H2O | Homo sapiens | degradation | ? | - |
? | |
| Hemoglobin + H2O | Homo sapiens | degradation | ? | - |
? | |
| insulin + H2O | Homo sapiens | degradation | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Bos taurus | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Homo sapiens | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview, Cat S might be involved in psoriasis induction due to an increased interferon gamma level in the epidermis, Cat S is increased in neurons of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients, where Cat S facilitates the formation of amyloidbeta from its precursor protein, Cat S might also be involved in asthma, Sjörgren's syndrome, allergen-specific T-cell proliferation in autoimmune processes, and atherosclerosis, overview | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Rattus norvegicus | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Mus musculus | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview | ? | - |
? | |
| myelin basic protein + H2O | Homo sapiens | degradation | ? | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bos taurus | - |
- |
- |
| Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
| Mus musculus | - |
- |
- |
| Rattus norvegicus | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| native enzyme from lymph node | Bos taurus |
Reaction
| Reaction | Comment | Organism | Reaction ID |
|---|---|---|---|
| similar to cathepsin L, but with much less activity on Z-Phe-Arg-/-NHMec, and more activity on the Z-Val-Val-Arg-/- compound | the catalytic triad is formed by Cys25, His164, and Asn184, the substrate binding site lies between the N-terminal and the C-terminal domain, cysteine protease mechanism, overview | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| A20 cell | B-cell line | Mus musculus | - |
| B-cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| B-cell | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| B-cell | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| bone marrow | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| brain | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| brain | grey and white matter | Rattus norvegicus | - |
| dendritic cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| dendritic cell | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| gastric epithelium | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| HaCaT cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| heart | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| HOM2 cell | B lymphoblastoid cell line | Homo sapiens | - |
| keratinocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| kidney | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| leukocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| liver | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| lung | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| lymph node | - |
Bos taurus | - |
| lymph node | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| macrophage | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| macrophage | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| microglia | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| monocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| monocyte | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| additional information | no expression in skeletal muscle | Homo sapiens | - |
| neuron | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| neuron | - |
Rattus norvegicus | - |
| placenta | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| retina | epithelium piment cells | Homo sapiens | - |
| spleen | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| splenocyte | - |
Mus musculus | - |
| T-lymphocyte | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| uterine endometrium | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
| vermiform appendix | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albumin + H2O | degradation | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| Albumin + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| Collagen + H2O | degradation | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| Collagen + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| Elastin + H2O | degradation | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| Elastin + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| Hemoglobin + H2O | degradation | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| Hemoglobin + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| insulin + H2O | degradation | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| insulin + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| leupeptin-induced peptide LIP10 + H2O | - |
Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview, Cat S might be involved in psoriasis induction due to an increased interferon gamma level in the epidermis, Cat S is increased in neurons of Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome patients, where Cat S facilitates the formation of amyloidbeta from its precursor protein, Cat S might also be involved in asthma, Sjörgren's syndrome, allergen-specific T-cell proliferation in autoimmune processes, and atherosclerosis, overview | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview | Rattus norvegicus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | cathepsin S catalyzes a key step in antigen presentation, detailed overview | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Cat S forms an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, unlike CatB or CatD, from an alpha-beta-Ii molecule in vitro | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | Cat S forms an alpha-beta-CLIP complex, unlike CatB or CatD, from an alpha-beta-Ii molecule in vitro | Mus musculus | ? | - |
? | |
| myelin basic protein + H2O | degradation | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
| myelin basic protein + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| monomer | 1 * 24000 | Bos taurus |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| Cat S | - |
Bos taurus |
| Cat S | - |
Homo sapiens |
| Cat S | - |
Rattus norvegicus |
| Cat S | - |
Mus musculus |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.5 | - |
- |
Homo sapiens |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4.5 | 7.8 | active range | Homo sapiens |
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