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Literature summary for 3.4.21.79 extracted from

  • Darrah, E.; Kim, A.; Zhang, X.; Boronina, T.; Cole, R.N.; Fava, A.; Giles, J.T.; Bingham III, C.O.; Chalmers, M.J.; Griffin, P.R.; Sadegh-Nasseri, S.; Rosen, A.
    Proteolysis by granzyme B enhances presentation of autoantigenic peptidylarginine deiminase 4 epitopes in rheumatoid arthritis (2017), J. Proteome Res., 16, 355-365 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
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Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
additional information Homo sapiens many autoantigens are substrates for the protease granzyme B ?
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 ?
peptidylarginine deiminase 4 + H2O Homo sapiens GrB cleaves PAD4 exclusively at D388 PAD4 peptides
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 ?

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Homo sapiens
-
-
-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
natural killer cell
-
 Homo sapiens
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T-lymphocyte
-
 Homo sapiens
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
additional information many autoantigens are substrates for the protease granzyme B Homo sapiens ?
-
 ?
peptidylarginine deiminase 4 + H2O GrB cleaves PAD4 exclusively at D388 Homo sapiens PAD4 peptides
-
 ?
peptidylarginine deiminase 4 + H2O PAD4, is cleaved by GrB at a single site, aspartic acid 388 (D388). Dynamic changes occur in the PAD4 structure induced by GrB cleavage. Recombinant N-terminal 6xHis tagged PAD4 (NP_036519) is expressed and purified from Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)pLysS competent cells Homo sapiens PAD4 peptides
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 ?

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
GrB
-
 Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
7.5
-
 assay at, about, Tris buffer Homo sapiens

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
additional information effects of GrB cleavage on the structure, processing, and immunogenicity of PAD4, overview Homo sapiens
physiological function proteolysis by granzyme B (GrB) enhances presentation of autoantigenic peptidylarginine deiminase 4 epitopes in rheumatoid arthritis. Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) is a frequent target of autoantibodies in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and a substrate for GrB. RA is strongly associated with specific MHC class II alleles. Proteolysis of PAD4 by GrB induced discrete structural changes in PAD4 that promoted enhanced presentation of several immunogenic peptides capable of stimulating PAD4-specific CD4+ T cells from patients with RA. Proteolysis of autoantigens can alter normal MHC class II antigen processing and has been implicated in the induction of autoimmune diseases Homo sapiens