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Literature summary for 3.2.1.1 extracted from
- A Novel alpha-amylase from Bacillus mojavensis A21: Purification and biochemical characterization (2010), Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 162, 1018-1030.
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2-mercaptoethanol | 87% residual activity at 5 mM | Bacillus mojavensis |  |
| Ca2+ | - |
Bacillus mojavensis | |
| Co2+ | 16% residual activity at 5 mM | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| EDTA | 12% residual activity at 5 mM; BMA.2 belongs to the EDTA-sensitive alpha-amylases | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| Hg2+ | complete inhibition at 5 mM | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| additional information | no inhibition by PMSF; not inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| Na+ | 86% residual activity at 5 mM | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| SDS | 71% residual activity at 1% (v/v) | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| Triton X-100 | 83% residual activity at 5% (v/v) | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| Tween 20 | 85% residual activity at 5% (v/v) | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| Zn2+ | 16% residual activity at 5 mM | Bacillus mojavensis | |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytoplasm | - |
Bacillus mojavensis | 5737 | - |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ | activates | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| Mg2+ | 118% relative activity at 5 mM, at 80°C and pH 6.5 | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| additional information | activity is not stimulated by the presence of Ca2+, Fe2+, Ba2+, K+, and Mn2+ | Bacillus mojavensis | |
| additional information | no stimulation by Ca2+, no or poor effect on activity by Mn2+, Fe2+, and K+ | Bacillus mojavensis |
Molecular Weight [Da]
| Molecular Weight [Da] | Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 58000 | - |
gel filtration | Bacillus mojavensis |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| starch + H2O | Bacillus mojavensis | - |
maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose | major end products | ? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bacillus mojavensis | - |
- |
- |
| Bacillus mojavensis A21 | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| native enzyme 15.3fold to homogeneity from strain A21 by ultrafiltration, gel filtration, and anion exchange chromatography | Bacillus mojavensis |
| ultrafiltration, Sephadex G-75 gel filtration and Sepharose Mono Q column chromatography | Bacillus mojavensis |
Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]
| Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] | Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 42.36 | - |
crude extract | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 648.2 | - |
purified enzyme | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 648.2 | - |
after 15.3fold purification | Bacillus mojavensis |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| amylopectin + H2O | 80% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis | ? | - |
? | |
| amylopectin + H2O | 80% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis A21 | ? | - |
? | |
| amylose + H2O | 78% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis | malto-oligosaccharides | - |
? | |
| amylose + H2O | 78% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis A21 | malto-oligosaccharides | - |
? | |
| corn starch + H2O | 64% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis | maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose | major end-products of starch hydrolysis | ? | |
| maltoheptaose + H2O | 95% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis | ? | - |
? | |
| maltoheptaose + H2O | 95% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis A21 | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | no activity towards maltohexaose, maltopentaose, and maltotetraose | Bacillus mojavensis | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | BMA.2 is active on potato starch, wheat starch, corn starch, amylose, amylopectin, and maltoheptaose, highest activity on amylose | Bacillus mojavensis | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | no activity towards maltohexaose, maltopentaose, and maltotetraose | Bacillus mojavensis A21 | ? | - |
? | |
| additional information | BMA.2 is active on potato starch, wheat starch, corn starch, amylose, amylopectin, and maltoheptaose, highest activity on amylose | Bacillus mojavensis A21 | ? | - |
? | |
| potato starch + H2O | 100% activity | Bacillus mojavensis | maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose | major end-products of starch hydrolysis | ? | |
| starch + H2O | - |
Bacillus mojavensis | maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose | major end products | ? | |
| starch + H2O | active on wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch, the latter is the best starch substrate | Bacillus mojavensis | maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose | major end products, see also EC 3.2.1.116 | ? | |
| wheat starch + H2O | 78% activity compared to potato starch | Bacillus mojavensis | maltohexaose + maltopentaose + maltotriose | major end-products of starch hydrolysis | ? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| monomer | 1 * 58000, SDS-PAGE | Bacillus mojavensis |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 1,4-alpha-D-glucan glucanohydrolase | - |
Bacillus mojavensis |
| alpha-amylase | - |
Bacillus mojavensis |
| BMA.2 | - |
Bacillus mojavensis |
Temperature Optimum [°C]
| Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 80 | - |
- |
Bacillus mojavensis |
Temperature Range [°C]
| Temperature Minimum [°C] | Temperature Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30 | 90 | 94% and 61% of maximal activity at 70°C and 90°C | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 70 | 90 | the relative activities at 70 and 90°C are about 94% and 61%, respectively | Bacillus mojavensis |
Temperature Stability [°C]
| Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
profile, overview | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 40 | - |
stable at over 60 min | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 40 | 80 | the enzyme retains more than 80% activity after 1 h incubation at 40°C, at 50°C, the enzyme retaines 80% of its initial activity, the activity is rapidly lost at 70 and 80°C and no activity is detected after a 30 min incubation. The enzyme shows a half-life value of 48 min at 70°C, while in the absence of calcium the half-life of the enzyme is only 5 min | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 50 | - |
loss of 20%activity after 60 min | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 70 | 80 | activity is rapidly lost at 70°C and 80°C, no activity after a 30 min incubation | Bacillus mojavensis |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6.5 | - |
- |
Bacillus mojavensis |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 4 | 9 | - |
Bacillus mojavensis |
| 4 | 9 | activity range, about 84% and 63% of maximal activity at pH 5.0 and pH 9.0, respectively, 11% at pH 10.0 | Bacillus mojavensis |
pH Stability
| pH Stability | pH Stability Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 12 | purified enzyme, 50% activity remaining at pH 5.0 and pH 9.0, inactiuvation at pH 2.0 and pH 12.0, profile, overview | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 5 | 11 | the relative activities at pH5.0 and 9.0 are about 84% and 63%, respectively, of that measured at optimum pH 6.5, the activity decreases rapidly to 11% at pH 10.0 | Bacillus mojavensis |
| 6.5 | - |
purified enzyme, completely stable | Bacillus mojavensis |
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