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Literature summary for 3.1.3.16 extracted from

  • Kramer, S.
    The ApaH-like phosphatase TbALPH1 is the major mRNA decapping enzyme of trypanosomes (2017), PLoS Pathog., 13, e1006456 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
additional information RNAi depletion of TbALPH1 is performed with a tetracycline-inducible system Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Localization

Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
cytoplasmic stress granule the enzyme does not only localise to stress granules, but also to the posterior pole granule Trypanosoma brucei brucei 10494
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kinetoplast
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Trypanosoma brucei brucei 20023
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additional information the enzyme is identified both in stress granules and within the mRNA-bound interactome. The enzyme localises to P-bodies Trypanosoma brucei brucei
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Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Trypanosoma brucei brucei Q583T9
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Trypanosoma brucei brucei 927/4 GUTat10.1 Q583T9
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Subunits

Subunits Comment Organism
More TbALPH1 has 734 amino acids and is almost equally split into a C-terminal domain, the catalytic domain and an N-terminal domain. TbALPH1 also has an asparagine-rich region within the N-terminal domain Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Synonyms

Synonyms Comment Organism
Alph
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Trypanosoma brucei brucei
ApaH-like phosphatase
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Trypanosoma brucei brucei
Tb927.6.640 locus name Trypanosoma brucei brucei
TbALPH1
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Trypanosoma brucei brucei

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution compared to kinetoplastid-specific phospho-protein phosphatase (PPP) in the sequence of locus Tb927.6.640 reveals two changes in the conserved PPP signature motif GDXXDRG: the second aspartate is replaced by asparagine and arginine is replaced by lysine. These changes are characteristic for an ApaH-like phosphatase (Alph), a subgroup of the PPP family that is closely related to the bacterial enzyme ApaH. Tb927.6.640 is referred to as TbALPH1. There are two further ApaH-like phosphatases in the Trypanosoma brucei genome: Tb927.4.4330 (TbALPH2) and Tb927.8.8040 (TbALPH3), but neither was identified as stress granule component or as involved in mRNA binding Trypanosoma brucei brucei
malfunction ALPH1 depletion is lethal and results in a massive, global increase in mRNAs, that are deadenylated but have not yet started degradation. ALPH1 RNAi depletion causes growth arrest and increase in mRNA levels. RNAi depletion of ALPH1 causes a significant increase in mRNA levels for all mRNAs analysed. Total mRNA levels increase 1.7/2.2fold after 48/72 hours of ALPH1 RNAi induction. Concerning the two developmentally regulated mRNAs, GPI-PLC mRNA increases 4.2/4-6fold and PGKC mRNA increases 16/22fold after 48/72 hours of RNAi induction. RNAi phenotype of ALPH1 includes cell growth stop, total mRNA levels increase about 2fold and a particular pronounced effect on unstable, developmentally regulated mRNAs. The mRNAs that accumulate after ALPH1 RNAi depletion are deadenylated, overview. ALPH1 RNAi depletion causes an increase in intact mRNA molecules, but no increase in decay intermediates Trypanosoma brucei brucei
physiological function TbALPH1 has all features required of an mRNA decapping enzyme. In vitro experiments confirm that ALPH1 can sensitise a capped RNA to Xrn1 in the presence of an RNA 5' polyphosphatase. ALPH1 has an essential role in trypanosome mRNA metabolism. The trypanosome ApaH-like phosphatase ALPH1 has all characteristics of an mRNA decapping enzyme. The enzyme is essential and localises to P-bodies Trypanosoma brucei brucei