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Literature summary for 3.1.1.4 extracted from
- Induction of microvascular leakage and histamine release by promutoxin, an Arg49 phospholipase A2 (2010), Toxicon, 55, 888-896.
Inhibitors
| Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| cyproheptadine | at a dose of 5 mg inhibits 82% promutoxin elicited microvascular leakage | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus |  |
| ginkgolide B | ginkgolide B at a dose of 5 mg inhibits 31% microvascular leakage induced by promutoxin when they are coinjected | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | |
| heparin | at a dose of 5 mg inhibits 49% promutoxin elicited microvascular leakage. At 10 and 100 microg/ml diminishes promutoxin-induced histamine release from lung mast cells by 56% and 53%, has little effect on promutoxin-induced histamine release from colon mast cells. At a concentration of 100 microg/ml, heparin inhibits promutoxin-induced histamine release from tonsil mast cells | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | |
| additional information | promutoxin induced histamine release from colon, lung and tonsil mast cells is inhibited by up to 89%, 99% and 90%, respectively when cells are pretreated with metabolic inhibitors for 40 min. Quinacrine at the dose of 5 mg has little effect on promutoxin provoked microvascular leakage in rat skin | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | |
| pertussis toxin | inhibits dramatically promutoxin-induced histamine release from colon mast cells, but has less effect on promutoxin-induced histamine release from lung cells | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | |
| terfenadine | at a dose of 5 mg inhibits 67% promutoxin elicited microvascular leakage | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gel filtration, at least 98% pure | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| venom | - |
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | - |
Storage Stability
| Storage Stability | Organism |
|---|---|
| -20°C | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| egg yolk + H2O | - |
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | ? | - |
? | |
| phosphatidylcholine + H2O | - |
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus | 1-acylglycerophosphocholine + a carboxylate | - |
? | |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| Arg49 phospholipase A2 | - |
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus |
| promutoxin | - |
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus |
| R49 PLA2 | - |
Protobothrops mucrosquamatus |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| physiological function | promutoxin can provoke microvascular leakage in the skin of rats and induce a dose-dependent release of histamine from colon, lung and tonsil from human mast cells in vitro | Protobothrops mucrosquamatus |
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